for the water was c, begin, and disaster narrowly averted. more rescues happens throughout the night. as the sun rises, the summer colors emerge again to risk get ready for another day in the sunshine. unbeknownst to them, 350 people rescue that night were making their way to the port, while hundreds of others were being relocated elsewhere on the mainland. for that then how many jersey rel i'm pedroza. hello again. i'm elizabeth farnham and doug hall with the headlines on challenges there of donald trump has been charged and georgia was becca tearing and conspiring to overturn his 2020 election to feed the form of us presidents as full from dot meant as a witch hunt. 18 others and facing some of the challenges including his former lawyer, rudy giuliani. specifically,

the indictment brings felony charges against donald john trump. rudolf william lewis juliani. every individual charged in the indictment is charged with one count of violating georgia's record to your influence and corrupt organizations. act from participation in a criminal enterprise in fulton, county, georgia and elsewhere financing. and then around the libyan capital has wounded at least 20 people. the base has gone badges. the guy and officer, prominence commanded, was captured via arrival faction. with homes of control, much of aaa for infections of bathrooms to control the countries and small my gadhafi was killed. 12 years ago, of the investigators and southern of usher are trying to establish the cause of an explosion at a petrol station. at least 35 people have been killed in the last and the dogs

found bridge and showed and among the ac injured, hold on a show. and also some of the tree mind does. it celebrates armed forces day. the holiday commemorates as victory over the soviet union, and 1920. it comes as tension goes, the opponents eastern border with the russian was the most, and the group has set out base and better verse 3 bulgarian suspected of spying for russia have been charged and brushing. they've been in custody since february when they were arrested. now they've been charged with possessing identity documents with what police cool impreza intention and china's economy grew at a slower rate than expected in july, the nation's dr. shows. mr. targets and industrial production and the retail sector . well, those are the headlines on elders 0. stay with us, the stream is coming up next. thank you for watching. in the lead up to ecuador is unexpected. snap elections, outgoing president. e. and the last one has declared the state of emergencies we 60

days throughout the country following the assassination of presidential candidates . but none of the sens young stay with algebra over development the high as 70. okay, thanks for watching the stream by november, the 15th that will be 8000000000 human beings in the well, that's according to a projection by united nations. so some questions i have, how do we respond to being one in a 1000000000? how is it, how do we maintain a decent quality of life or of us and then what happens after 8000000000 humans in the wild? those, the questions i have for i x that paddle, i'm sure you have questions. awesome. as well. the comment section is right here on youtube. be part of today's chat, the

hello rachel and jennifer and alex associates have this expert panel here today on the stream. rachel, please say, highlights the audience around the well tennessee you on what you do? hi, send me some greetings, tom. my name is dr. rachel snow and i'm the chief of population and development at the u. n. population funds based in new york, and we support census and how to use census data in more than a 130 countries across the world. how identify, welcome to the stay and tell the viewers around the route and you on what you day. hi family, i'm so glad to be here. i'm dr. jennifer cuba. i am a scholar at the woodrow wilson center and author of the new book, 8000000000 and counting how 6 death and migration shape our world. thanks for being with us and alex, welcome back to the same get to senior. again, remind the audience who you are and what you day. i. i thank you 5 minutes. thank you for having me back. i prefer alex as a uh, those 5 preference of global. how does bicycle of public health directory

investigating shutoff? yeah, i found the demographic by trending on previously. i found as the executive director of the african publish them and how it's reflection thing might be and i also found on the you and i left a lot of dry street board for the clinic. i'm for sure my friends. so guess it's really hard for me to grapple with what a 1000000000 people looks like. what that still was like. well, i feel different on november, the 15th, and i do right now rachel. know you worked in simple terms. yeah. um, this has been a while coming and uh you won't feel much on the 15th of november. that's jennifer when we talk about a number like 8000000000. if you're studying population, then you knew it was coming. i remember at school we were just really worried about how many more opinions of people come and survive on the golf. and he, we are at 8 for the and what does that mean for most of us? how should we think about that number?

well, you know, i also remember studying this in school and actually i think that's how i ended up making career career of studying population. because to rachel's point, you know what we feel any different. i remember sitting in 1999, i think it was october 15th 1999 in a college classroom in atlanta where i'm from and my professor was late to class that day. and then she paused in the door and had a black arm band on, and she marched into class and said, today world population has its 6000000000 people. this is a travesty. i never had kids. you shouldn't either. and so i think for many people there's the sense that every time we hit a 1000000000, this is it, we're about to, it's like we're going to tip over the edge. you know, when you're, you're pouring something in a bowl and you're just waiting for it to spill over. but here we still are, which i think is a really good thing for us to remember. i've, i've seen a few 1000000000 in my lifetime, and i like to think of myself is pretty young. so i don't think we have to look at the system. jim's day finally arriving. alex does that mobile number mean?

anything to somebody who studies, demographics, like new, knew this number was coming. you understand what it means. doesn't give a pause. a tense. i mean, not necessarily does. it gives me the pause is just simply means that it is a duty on my side unless you stand by and now i'm at extension to be it'd be something. and by 2056, it would be 10400000000. so we will continue to grow. i think as we go forward, is just the number in many ways, but my sense is that it is also a time for us to pick a defined as to what does that truly mean uh far as the mattress. i'm just looking at some of the comments we have for matthew is around the world. this is bubba show . you publish a new says the world isn't over populated. it's just a matter of management, right. julia and nothing else. can i do? not. indeed indeed i would, i would not, and i also want to point out that the,

the, the rows of the population is slowing down. you know, the pace at which the world was growing peak to 1964. and so we've been declining in terms of the piece, you know, it's, we're less that we're growing by less than one percent per year. we've got, i think, 53 countries in the world that are now and population decline. china, for example, 1400000000 is peaking this year, and by 2100, your projected to be down to 800000000. so if things are turning, the pace is slowing. this is really important. i think it's going to give us time to, to catch up one way. but i do think i see why people feel like this though. i mean, i think all for all 3 of us are used to people throwing doomsday scenarios at us. because while we know these global trends, and i'm sure all 3 of us are on the same page with wanting to emphasize the slowing

pace of growth and population aging, i know that for some people it can feel really different. and that's because that a 1000000000 number disguised as the diversity of trends around the world. and we've really never been so far apart in terms of our birth and death and, and even migration trends. and so, you know, there areas in the world where fertility is still very high population growth as high. if people feel the environmental strains that come from a very basic relationship between people and the environment around them from the family farm. i come in here, i think also one of the things that we would need to pay attention to is the understand that they've been the most a huge diversity that we currently experience across different parts of the world. uh, just this year. i know we have more than 40 countries, i'm to retrieve that. i experienced the population decline, and i'll try to move pre up for your commission on focus. on right, the population growth has clouded the thinking to barely understand the

implications of this divergent trends that we have seen around the world. that there are, as many countries have a population decline and it will continue to be an issue going forward. so the controversial grow, i don't want to dimensional for the conscious good. can you give us a couple of examples of the countries where that population is going down a oh, if you think far as that's the place, like south korea, it's population is probably a 52000000. it is projected to be 24000000 by 2100. and the last time south korea was in the 24000000 people watching the fifty's . so it's a massive change that will be a. busy and the number of countries by 2050 more than a few countries on 30 trans won't be experiencing population decline. right. so i think united, really interesting when we think about the, you know, putting dec. supposing south korea's change over time with some of the places where

population is still growing because on the flip side of that, they're a countries in the world that will account for more than half of the world population growth between now and 2050. and one of those is egypt, which uh, you know, egypt leadership had famously compared egypt population to south korea's many decades ago. and, and, and then 2008. and had noted that many decades ago both countries had similar population sizes. and then that just totally went into different directions after that to hi, i think the, the diversity that the both jennifer and alex are, are emphasizing he's like huge lean board. i think it's really part of the big story for the 8000000000 is we're so diverse. and another example of that is but europe, on average, like the median age in europe, is close to $4541.00 and a half. the median age in sub saharan africa is 17 and, and so it's not just that the pace of growth is really different in these countries

. but we have very different age structures. so you know, you, you want to understand and kind of create a global community. but we're looking at, at governments and countries here that are dealing with very different populations in terms of age. and so the thinking maybe different and we, that's going to text them, diplomacy and symmetric between us to tell them more unified response to global crises. i wouldn't bring a new voice into our conversation and this is a professor of global development at cornell university. alex, i'm going to play this comment for you, and i'd really be interested on why you take the idea next. so k is paul. say it'd be in population is an important milestone, but what it means is going to vary quite a bit across countries. in developing regions where population is still throwing. one main concern is going to be guard any quality to verify each sent to decline in

most of african countries from the top down. and what that means is you have any increasing concentration of activity among the poor. and at a time when the levels of education, so rising, where the quality of education and the costs of education is rising. what that means is that you're going to have increasing differences in the educational opportunities that are available to the children in the upper tier of the income distribution compared to the children who come from pharmacy setup or spots. thanks time me. so i can get a couple of days to a break down here and what i say in the get to the 1st is if you look at the countries we ask that lift gate is still very high. we might not see how the many children like 456 in the country like new j r d r can go on monday, where the rates of growth of the population is a 3 percent or more. it means that the population is doubling every 20

years. also in new jersey is actually every 18 years. yeah. congress. i boss every 21 years. so within that period, it is very difficult to nearly impossible for that country to be able to double the investments the making in health, education, nutrition, jobs, all defense that constitutes well being on whom i improve. i see them on a positive and, and i'm on those improvements. so invest based on then, you know, it's difficult to maintain the quality of life as it is a you need to be able to dealt with those investments. and that my city of at the shop period of time and attend the content level. so seeing that the great coverage of the 10 digit addition and all that. so that's the problem. the other big charlotte, i think where people think about it. the is the fact that there is a significant shift and where these populations are based on look at that correctly

. africa accounts for about 18 percent of the global population is projected to get about 2425 percent by 2050 and 46 percent by 2100. so when you look at, that's a statistic, and you then think about the tool, nearly one and 2 people in the world will be africa. what does that mean for global girlfriend and son for f e t n, for all of the kind of good alex, what does that? what does that mean? does that mean that africa will be the most powerful continent in the world? but it won't mean differences for different people. again, from me, i say it's not a question of whether we have 40 and a 4600000000 or 6000000000 africans is the question of what quality of people advise? i did all the educated how the productive citizens are. they're sick and on the educated i'm on for and i think that really matches all for me. the point

of both countries which very high rates of growth of the population cover in the late fees, the ability to make the necessary investments in improve whom on quality would be constrained by the rate of growth. right? yeah, for the shop products. so i edit site, a key that's, that's so much for tools like just on the continents around think i'm going to push on that just a little bit because if we know our population is growing, we know this is happening, planning an oven. paddling is going to be absolutely critical. rachel, i want you still use a rubbing can cause rubbing. king has a thought and then build off rubbings for a she is planning should be more participatory with citizens of different ages, social groups at the cities, and different geographic locations within the city. so that everyone together can create a vision of what they want. the city be tomorrow, 2 generations from now,

5 generations from now is there been planning deals with infrastructure that's going to last a very long time beyond the generations of, of the folks that are involved in it right now. in addition, the process should help us educate each other about what sustainable consumption patterns really are, so that we can leave the planet better and future generations as well. she's right that there needs to be more collective planning but, but even to plan from a single government, you gotta have an excellent data. and part of why we push the census and we need to make these, you know, population incense that's happening, happening around the world is because, you know, governments absolutely need to be able to project to what is coming in the next 23 decades. there was a great stop from, from, or frightening start from the world bank. i came across recently and it said goodness, but something like across the continent of africa. you know,

the infrastructure for education at the moment can only accommodate about 40 percent of school age children. and as alex's, we have more and more children who will be coming in in the region. so, you know, investment is crucial, or immunization is happening quickly. we need excellent data, we need planning, we need to participatory planning, and we need a global engagement. it's true, it's going to be very, very difficult for governments to do this alone. i am to what it is called it be in the field of demography though. i mean, i'm sure. right? so alex, feel the same way we have a we stand out among the trends because we can see the future and other people can't. and it's because so many people of the future are already born. so when you think about the planning that needs to happen, i totally agree with rachel that we need more data. but the good news is, it's not as if we have no idea how many kindergarten classrooms will need and for years how many seats on the not. so we know, you know, we can look at that in there today at all,

various governments and various communities. are they planning, knowing that you're right. i didn't think of it like that. well, she got children, kindergarten or nurse real genius school. you know, what, what are they going to need or the lifetime? are you seeing that because it may well be out of see the future, but you can also see these all stuff coming to you can, i mean, you know, and i think this is where i am. i always emphasize to people that the same population trend in 2 different countries can look completely different. so you know, a couple of communities that i know that are planning for this is the national security community. yeah, they can look at those kindergarten classrooms today and think about their potential recruiting pool for the military, you know, in just 15 years or so. so yeah, they're well aware of this and they take a long view on things. but anyway, but if we look at something like social security and we don't exactly know what age people will retire, that people might think that they do, but it differs widely around the world. uh, the average age of workforce excellence in france is 61 years. but in japan,

it's 71 years. and so yeah, we can differ even among old countries. and so some of these rules of the game or institutions like in a democracy, it's really hard to change policy because voters say, yeah, no thanks, we're not doing that. but in, in countries that are aging, but they don't necessarily give the people voice in changing policy. you actually might see retirement policies in ages increase to much faster. all right, and definitely that also contains some of the alex if, if, if i may, cuz i want to bring it out with it. so what you, because often they have misconceptions about what the population growth means. i'm going to give you each 30 seconds to also question like this. all right, so how many people can be of sustain alex? do wanna take that one to so thank you. you're welcome is not as simple as a oh yes, x not uh, but it is a function of the hedge of the people that are on the face. our

company initially said the us is different from mission and different from our consumption. sometimes it depends on how a productivity as a group on all these factors matter. i think we increase in the quality it makes the product as of 10 and much larger population. but if we have the cost of sight, the many ways we can support a whole lot more about the sum of all space, the world is over populated, or says things will never get better. it's too late. rachel, instantly option. no, not at all. 8000000000 people's a 1000000000, potentially brilliant, new ideas that will increase food production that will figure out new very cool ways for people to learn on the internet that will think about, you know, ways to multiply the number of teachers. it's, i'm much more optimistic. all right,

this, this, this is paul on it on youtube. he's watching us right now. jennifer, post us government planning question mark. those individuals who make up government count, see beyond the next election cynicism from the chief who would have thought of it. i actually don't disagree with paul. is that my husband paul? but he's the the yes and that's why i tend to be i'm also an optimist in general. but if there's anywhere that the pessimism starts to sneak in, it actually is when we think about democracies and how hard it is to change policy now. and that is because elected leaders have the short term views. however, i will say even something simple like just to stick on retirement for a 2nd cause it really does matter. official retirement age is one thing, but there are all sorts of rules, a whole rainbow or rules around ways that people are able to exit the workforce. and sometimes you can get some play at the margins that make a big difference in the overall trend. let's just have

a look at what via added to our conversation. she joined us a little bit earlier on it and told us this, and we're looking at managing and impact 8000000000 people telling us completion through the city mind, hold on to food energy increase. so this naturally means that greenhouse gas emissions really increase as well. the one speed that high, particularly use the level of consumption these can say at the level low income countries today. so the whole nation i mentioned is likely to be to increase income later. hi. so what, why is it that was telling a lot of the interest in our audience and an around the well, what people thinking was so many of us on this us, how can they possibly sustain it? i am going to look ahead now to 2050 and where the population will be in 2050. you

. oh, well ahead of me. so let's do this together. and guess if somebody said, well, population by 2050 will be 9700000000. and then what part of the, well, we'll see the biggest growth well across the african continent expected to contribute most of the cost with this population increase box populations of 61 countries are projected to decrease by one percent or more. and then here's the good news, we definitely talk about the good news. so much simpleton, average globally lice 5 by 2050 would increase to around 77.2 years, which is about 4 years from where it is currently. and jennifer, this is, this is the good news of this ain't been in is the reason why they all say many people in the us is because we're healthy, a living longer as well as babies being born in some parts of the. well that's, that's more than one thing happening here, but we should be celebrating that while we're living slowly and we should be

celebrating population aging. i mean, i think there's a tendency to whatever the trend is. people think, well, that's just bad news. yeah, there are times in history, there are too many people and then there are times to to few people. it's like all the locks in the port it's. it's never just right. so when i see numbers about population aging, i think how fantastic women and partners are able to choose how many children they want, they're able to act on that. but it is generally an indicator that there's widespread education, that quality of life is high and that the people are living longer. well, let's not be upset about that, especially when we run our hands over high fertility for decades. well, now we're saying wait, there's too many people. and i think also we have to be careful because one thing that hasn't come up so far is who gets blamed for all of this. it's typically women . the women are having too many or too few children. so when people say over

population, i think they want to say it's those women over there who are having too many children. and they don't think about their own role in their own consumption and their lifestyles. but it's something you do. i do want to kind of jump in yeah, to that, you know, i just want to jump in in, in, in, in the comment that let's remember that there are still millions of women who don't have access to modern contraception. who don't have access to still primary education, who if they get pregnant, a 14 or 15 are not able to finish school. so we do still have quite a bit of work to do in terms of assuring um as jennifer was sort of just alluding to, we want to have a world where everybody can choose the number in the timing of children. there's no question that's good for kids. it's good for communities it's, it's good for everyone. yeah. but, but it isn't the case at this juncture. still, we have, you know, something around like 200000000 people have people who still don't have full access to reproductive rights. which is a really good point for me to bring in one last voice into conversation and not as

far as his voice. who ends on the point that you just made? pushing all population continues to grow by a 10000000 people pa. yeah. which should be concerned. climate change deforestation war to unfold, shortages pollution as well as by with a fossil fuels which would never talk enough about only becoming difficult to manage without increasing numbers. additionally, the people affected the most by a growing population of the young goes on women who are supposed to be the child barrows on child guerrero's. can we do anything about these? yes, we can bring the numbers down. we can do positive, ethical, as well as cost effective things that can benefit human beings, as well as the pressure of a planet. this is such a huge topic. i would have a speech to write. so and jennifer and alex, when the alex, i know it has that ties, i just have time to say thank you so much for helping us understand what 8000000 people on the us at t means in reality. thank you for joining our conversation today. i'll see you next

time. take the the

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roger casablanca, defends, who make football on which is the the, [000:00:00;00] the problem, and is it a problem? and this is the news, our life from dog hawk coming off in the next 16 minutes. donald trump is charged with a racketeering and conspiring to over to his 2020 election to fees in georgia because of which comp, fighting. and libby is capital between 2 factions off to the detention of