keep yourself sane. >> tune in tomorrow 9:00 eastern. that does it for me, i'm be back 5:00 p.m. eastern tomorrow and coming up, an event from 1968. ♪ hello darkness, my old friend ♪ [ applause ] >> the enemy is not beaten but has met his match in the field. i'd like to say hi to mom in the field. i know she is worried about me. hello mom. ♪ >> diana ross. >> everybody knows her. >> you were how old? >> 23 years old forever and ever. >> we are planning simultaneous

action in many cities. ♪ >> today i state i'm a candidate for president of the united states. >> in the new hampshire primary. ♪ >> i think we have to support the president and the administration. ♪ ♪ and whisper sounds of silence ♪ [ applause ] >> and that's the speaker mr. president and members of the

congress and my fellow americans, i was thinking as i was walking down the aisle there tonight of what i was told many years ago. the congress always extends a very warm welcome to the president as he comes in. [ laughter ] >> as 1967 faded into 1968 lyndon johnson knew he compiled one of the most important presidencies for domestic policies in history. >> helping millions avoid the horrors and last year medicare and medicaid brought better health to more than 25 million americans. [ applause ] >> also, a great period where he passed, this landmark civil rights institution.

this racism will give him a place in history. >> no tree in the forest is as tall -- >> if ever there was a nation capable of solving its problems, it is this nation. >> johnson had to be the best. he was driven by this idea to be top-dog. that's how he felt about vietnam. >> since i reported to you last january, the enemy defeat in battle after battle. >> he knew all of that would make him a cdate, but he also knew he was unlikely to be in any future mount rush more because of the war. this is what made johnson's fingernails sweat. >> today may raids on the north

vietnamese -- >> caisson is a marine base in the bother western corner and starting surrounding and attacking it. >> 500 vietnamese rangers surrounded by 40,000 communist troops. >> and saying this is great and the battle we wanted. >> johnson is worried that the outcome of this battle could change the outcome of the war. >> the eyes of the nation as of all history itself are on that little brave band of defenders at khe san and the area that is around it. >> it is hard for me to imagine that the '60s would have turned out the way it did had there been no more in vietnam. >> they raised their forces and march against the government.

>> 1968 is the culminating moment for a generation of young people who couldn't understand with so much unrest at home why there was so many resources going into the vietnam war. >> i had a big sign on my bul tin board sayingal nation is when your country is at war and you wanthe other se to win. >> t understand the passion behind the anti-war movement, you have to keep in mind that the united states had a draft at the time that every year young men were waiting to find out would their number be the number that's chosen for service. >> president johnson orders another 10,500 men sent to the war. >> if you were not chosen, your friends were chose and you are in it together as a generation.

[ chanting ] >> in the beginning, it was said that we were sustaining and strengthening south yevietnam. >> the objective was extended to include nation building and we were told we were saving southeastern asia. >> eugene mccarthy entered the primary as an anti-vietnam war candidate and young people flocked to him. cut their hair, put on clean clothes, they were going clean for gene. >> it is crucial that you pay attention to yourself. >> when mccarthy chose to be a candidate, i dropped out at the end of the first semester and went to work for the campaign. >> the issue was vietnam. >> you have to say this war has

gone too far. >> what makes 1968 a pivotal year is that an incumbent president couldn't seem to hold his party together. >> they are getting vocal. >> yes. >> they are saying if the republicans nominate a moderate or liberal republican, democrats will support him and the con recei receivetives will -- the conservatives will support lyndon johnson. is that possible? >> yes. >> 1968. the year that changed america is brought to you by swiffer. g out, because the absorb and lock technology traps dirt and liquid inside the pad. it's safe to use on all finished surfaces tile, laminate and hardwood. and it prevents streaks and hazing better than a micro fiber

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now here is -- >> just after midnight, their time a band of raiders attacked police stations and the capital to the north and holding onto part of the town. >> i remember there was a graphic put up on the news and these cartoon explosions that were all over this little strip of the country on the other side of the world. >> it amounts to the attacks and spreading violence to at least two and stretching the entire length of the country. >> for a year that was supposed to start off as an exciting year, it was redefined literally in 48 hours by tet. >> the attacks on the night of the 31st were my first exposure to major combat.

initial reports were clouded and couldn't get a good grasp of what was happening. except something was happening all over vietnam. >> this is the vietnamese station. >> this is saigon airport. >> flying all overhead. >> the tet offensive, simultaneous attacks on every city and town in south vietnam shocked the american people. >> the enemy very deceitfully taken advantage of the truce to create maximum -- particularly in the populated areas. >> every year there was a cease fire on the lunar new year holiday known as tet and they believed it will be the same but that didn't happen. >> from the division, half a

block -- the snipers and suicide commanders held up and firing from surrounding buildings. >> now cia men and nps gone into ut embassy and trying to get the snipers out by themselves. military police got back into the compound at down. fighting for a total of six hours and the raider was killed. a small residence, george jacobsen, hiding out all morning. you had an escape how did that happen? >> riot gas in my house and would drive whoever was down below up top where i was. they had thrown me a pistol about 10 minutes before this occurred and with all of the

luck that i've had all of my life, i got him before he got me. i'm sorry. >> and he had what? >> an m-16. >> and you got him? >> that just really scared people. that showed americans being attacked and the marines unable to defend the embassy. they did defend them. they killed them and drove them back but not the way it looked on tv. >> and then at the same time, the destruction of this beautiful ancient city and my god, what are we doing here? >> it's been like this all weekend. one nasty fire fight after another. rounds going overhead. a little fire fight across the river. what do you think of a the a time like this? >> well -- bullets are flying

over too fast. >> we weren't prepared for combat in an urban area. we had to go in and adapt and improvise and overcome the obstacles and challenges we had. how do you cross a street and attack a position which is a home? >> i've got two companies here about to clear the next two bloks up. >> what kind of fighting? >> house to house and from room to room. >> have you ever expected to experience this kind of street fighting in vietnam? >> no i didn't. the first time the marine has been street fighting since seoul. >> most fighting in the country side. they believed that large scale military actions in the cities will stimulate a popular uprising and makes the american

position in south vietnam. >> and intimidated the people and terrorize them and join the ranks. >> they don't rise up. >> the biggest fact is that the stated purposes of the general uprising, a military victory or psychological victory have failed. >> the tet offensive may have been a defeat but psychologically, it was an enormous victory because it suggested that this war had no end. >> we lost a lot of people. >> we probably had to drop back today and regroup. >> how do you feel yoursf? >>scared, i guess. but i'm hoping when we draw back d regroup, i lost my engineer and i need a man to help me with my job. >> there was something deeply corrupt and even evil in our

involvement. the moment when general milan, the chief of police of the saigon police department pulled out a revolver and held it up to a temple of the vee yet congrvid shot him. it was injected in the center of the american brain and made americans feel morally unclean. can it be that we were the most idealist stick people in the world? can it be that we are actually evil? that is what tet did. >> i will be so glad to go home.

i don't know. it is the worst we have been in since we've been in vietnam. >> do you think it is worth it? >> yeah, i don't know. they say we are fighting for something. i don't know. ♪ no bars. oh no! when i got unlimited, they told me they were all the same. well, verizon has the largest, most-reliable 4g lte network in america.

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. 1,000 striking sanitation workers marched and demanded the mayor to heal their grievances. >> two sanitation workers crushed in the back of a garbage truck. memphis policy didn't allow them to seek shelt ner the rainstorm. because they didn't want to see sanitation workers in the yard. the rain was so terrible they got in the back of the trash struck and the broom fell and compacted them and killed them. >> the situation in memphis was local. that since that they were desperate and lead them to accept these conditions until they got to be intolerable. then they went on strike. >> the garbage collectors, predominantly negro want higher pay and recognition. >> they cannot stake against the employer. i suggest that you go back to

work. >> no. >> no. >> police used a riot control gas and night sticks to break up a disturbance amongst a group of striking garbage men. >> 1,000 of us maced and stretched down to the corner up to here. was broken and the cry essentially for the entire negro economy saying the fight was on. >> the saw the strike as another movement of nonviolence in the united states. that's the way king's are as well. >> the mass majority of negros in our country perishing on alonely island of poverty and prosperity. it is criminal to have people working a full time job, getting part-time income.

>> i think king was inspired by that movement. and he saw that as a poor people's movement. >> we are poverty-striken and we have been at the bottom too long. >> it was hard to be martin luther king and it was really hard in 1967 and 1968. he alienated the white allies on his attack of the war on vietnam. >> save our national honor and stop the bombing and stop the war. >> on the other hand, his continue insistence on nonviolence alienated him from activists who felt that nonviolence ran its course. >> that's what you want to do? destroy the country? >> you want to destroy who? >> you and anybody like you.

whoever gets in our way. >> we are going to build black power, companies, black organizations, and we're going to have our our power center. >> black power. black power my friends means that we are developing now a new breed of cats. >> this is what spurred car michael. >> the major enemy is the honky and the racism. that's the an my. >> that is what inspired the black panther to organize. >> the mentors and the people who control them. >> there was a change in the civil rights movement and the goals and impacts the black perspective being played out everyday in american society. ♪ ♪ with your bad self ♪ i'm black and i'm proud ♪ say it loud >> say it loud, i'm black and

i'm proud. that is no ambiguity. this is a black power anthem. >> i want you to know i'm a man. a black man. a soul brother. >> james brown was the dominant black musical figure. the best showman and a smart businessman and took over shows and radio stations. >> this is tony scott from the james brown station. >> the hardest working man in show business and then soul brother number one. >> he is black and proud. >> he is the number one soul brother in the united states. >> there is no question that james brown was a huge influence. you hear it in the music. sly stone was different, there were women and the band was integrated. that was a big deal ♪ i am every day people >> a product of the black church

and also a child of the bay area which is incredibly progressive politics and a radio dj. there was no show better or band interesting to look at. and hit song after hit song after hit song. ♪ >> came out with pimp out fits and every r&b group had to flip it. >> in 1968, the supremes put out "love child" what it is like to grow up in a ten meant. >> i start in a run down in a slum. ♪ >> diana ross is singing this? for the supremes this is a darker mature album and singing

about issues. they never brought themselves as a sound of black america, for mo town it was a big step. ♪ love child society ♪ set your seat height to its maximum level. bravo, tall meeting man. start winning today. book now at lq.com ♪ crawl inside, wait by the light of the moon. ♪ start winning today. applebee's to go. order online and get 20% off $20. now that's eatin' good in the neighborhood.

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ithe race for governort. has turned into a scam. gavin newsom's trying to elect a republican who was endorsed by trump. and villaraigosa's being bankrolled by a handful of billionaires. it's everything that's wrong with politics. and none of it is helping struggling families.

here's my pledge to you. i'll keep our budget balanced. invest in affordable housing. fight for universal healthcare. and stand up to donald trump. as governor, you can trust me to do what's right- because i always have. have you thought about

graduate school? >> no. >> would you mind telling me what the four years of college was for and the point of that hard work? >> you got me. >> the graduate is probably the most important movie of the '60s. maeb the best movie of the '60s. >> the pervasive sense of alienation and being not at one with the world around you. that's the idea of the '60s and the crucial idea of 1968. >> we are just about the friendliest folks you want to meet. >> robbing banks -- >> what is it like? >> when it was released, people didn't know how to take it. >> so rereleased in 1968. >> armed robbery. >> it had a tone that challenged people that they haven't seen in a film before and this was a

movie that changed how people regarded how those movies were done. >> so we go to see planet of "p the apes" in brooklyn and we identified with the aps. why are we rooting for him? >> do you want something? speak. come on. >> landing on this planet and realizes that this planet is literally a planet of the apes and they were in charge. >> take your stinking paws off me you dam dirty ape. >> having to confront the tragedy of a broken civilization. >> you maniacs. you blew it up, oh damn you. god damn you all to hell.

>> this was a hit. it really captured something deep in the psyche of america in a year when the cities were falling apart. >> please go in your homes. please go in your homes. >> in 1965, after the civil rights and voting rights acts passed, you had the watts riots. and then '66 and '67 in newark. in detroit. dozens of people killed and johnson -- and look what i have done for the blacks, why are they doing this to me? there had to be a response to that by the establishment. and that's what lead to this -- >> we need to know the answer i think, to three basic questions about these rights. what happened? why did it happen? what can be done to prevent it from happening again and again?

>> now, asking the question and accepting the answer, are two different things. and they didn't like the answer. >> for the last few days this country lived under indictment. a charge of white racism, national in scale and terrible in its effects. the evidence to support the charge present in a text of a report released last night. our nation, says report is moving to two separate societies, black and white, separate but unequal. >> get your hands up. let's go. >> you tell people about the civil rights act and when you give people hope, and you don't fulfill that hope, then you are more likely to have problems. >> every time i come to town, you overcharge me for everything i get and how in world dow expect me to get it. and if i go out and steal something, that's what make

criminals out of people. you're not going to give them anything and just enough to keep them eating. i eat breakfast this morning and don't know where dinner coming from. how do you think i feel? >> in 12 out of 24 riots, a violent response of our institution. >> the first one who drops their hands is a dead man. >> the answer was that american institutions created this and going to take a lot of resources to deal with it. >> if the police in this country -- we can walk in the parks and on the streets in safety -- [ applause ] >> george wallace, a southern seg ra nationist and tap sbos ie rage and reaction. >> i think that the negro has gotten out of hand and i think

wallace will enforce law and orderer. >> you can see character in his hand. a spunk and backbone. that's what the american people need. >> wallace realized if you can remove overt racism from conservatism, lots of americans will go for it because they were tired of the rights revolution. it was too much change for them, too fast. >> well, let's come to the basic question. would you let your daughter marry a negro? >> in fact, i don't want to get into the discussion of race, the most important thing is maintaining law and orderer and race relations are going to work themselves out. i don't believe in the marriage, i don't think it is good for either race. the races ought to remain in tact. >> one of the most astute men in the field of politics on the scene, the former vice president of the united states richard m.

nixon. >> it's on open question where richard nixon can win anything. >> you have that stigma as a loser -- >> yes. >> because ling a big contest. how do you plan to combat that? >> the way you you combat -- >> he lost two big elections to kennedy and pat brown. people said he was a loser. >> america will be watching on march 12th let the message go out from knew new hampshire. the people want a change and america will have a change. thank you. >> television is a vital political meeting place. to be successful, a candidate must use the medium and use it well. richard nixon prefers no holds bar discussions. >> new hampshire was the first time and richard nixon's aides

wouldgater ordinary citizens and have them instead of the media asking questions. and made it look like he was a brave truth teller willing to face down every critic. when, in fact, it was staged. >> nixon discusses the issues with citizens of new hampshire. >> lawlessness, crime, is a major problem in this country today and we talk about civil rights. you know what the most important civil right in this country is? the right to be safe in the streets. to be safe in your home. >> his campaign in new hampshire was a classic. >> there is a new nixon, the reporters were saying. better disciplined and more relaxed and takes criticism well. >> i plan to shake a lot of hands and i have a good strong hand and i also would like to talk to people. >> the intelligence of the old nixon combined with the better

behavior and outlook of the new nixon, that's the candidate in '68. >> i'm going to play the role. if people looking at me say that's a new nixon, all i can say is maybe you didn't know the old nixon. ♪ introducing the all-new volkswagen jetta with available digital cockpit.

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after the initial attacks of the tet offensive were beaten back, it was still occupied by the enmaemy and overrun. >> waiting for the marines and gun them down in the open. holding off for three weeks in what has become the longest, bloodiest battle of the war. >> we went into a fortress that was 4 square miles and occupied. >> remains of a fortress built over a century ago.

that's the north vietnamese strong point. that's where the rocket firing were coming from. now the marines trying to silence the firing with grenade launches. >> i had a strong group of marines and they were magnificent in every way and unwavering and going forward under intense fire. after 24 days of heavy fighting, the americans in the south vietnamese troops pushed the enemy out. the estimate was that 80% of the city was damaged or destroyed and 80% of the population was homeless. in order to preserve the city, we had to destroy the city. >> whatever price they paid, the price to the ally cause was

high. if our intention was to restore peace and serenity to the country. the most serene of all south vietnamese cities is obviously a setback. >> a very large aud skbrens when he delivered what he did from vietnam, it had an impact. >> it is clear that the only rational way out to negotiation as an honorable people who lived up to their pledge to defend democracy and did the best they could. >> he felt he had a public obligation to share that our government is not telling us the truth. >> no matter what we say, it is our -- our antipersonnel bombs used against simple people. our gas reported to be nonlethal

and reported to kill only 10% of the adults and 90% of the children. so only semi lethal. >> the big surprise of the primary of the campaign of '68 was the senator eugene mccarthy and hoping that the total they run up was a dream come true. >> the results on election night gave us a sense that there was a real opportunity here. we got the feeling like, maybe we can run a national campaign after all. let's take a run at this thing. >> the mccarthy vote was not only a peace vote. >> do you think you can be stopped now? >> no. >> that's a fair enough question. i can say this, i'm not going to stop myself, that's for sure.

>> new hampshire was critical. you know what, we looked at the numbers and nixon's total in new hampshire was more than all of the other candidates in both parties combined. >> new hampshire was a significant turning point and it locked in a certain popularity that he had. and at the same time, you had the democrats fighting amongst themselves. >> the president and his advisers most concerned about what tonight's returns mean in terms of bobby kennedy. mccarthy worked hard and financing and good organization and but mccarthy and new hampshire don't mean a thing unless they mean body is coming in. >> would this encourage you in supporting -- >> i have no plans at the moment other than maybe something further to say after i see the rest -- thank you. >> will you accept the draft, senator?

>> i don't think anybody suggested that? >> nobody suggested that. >> i'm suggesting it now. that's not a practical matter. >> will you refuse it? >> all of bobby's senior political advisers saying you don't depose an incumbent president, you will just rip the party apart and if he ran against johnson people will chalk it up to bobby's ruthless desire to be president or the loathing of lyndon johnson. >> they hated one another. >> mean, bitter, vicious animal. in many ways. >> i believe that bobby is -- he has these negros and catholics and one after the other each day, it makes him look like a great hero -- >> and bobby kennedy doesn't go

after lbj until he is politically wounded. >> i'm announcing my candidacy for the president of the united states, i run because it is now unmistakeably clear that we can change these disastrous policies by changes the men we're now making >> can you imagine the anger that johnson had? here -- here was his nightmare. >> i hear lbj is trying to get rid of 150 pounds -- bobby kennedy. 1

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comcast, building america's largest gig-speed network. make a sweep all the way down. from london back this way. you understand me? all right. lock arms on both sides of the street. let's sweep it all the way down. >> today in memphis a 3,000 man protest march led by dr. martin luther king jr. in support of the sanitation worker strike the strike has turned into a major racial issue in memphis.

>> we were an orderly march going up the main street. i was in the middle of it. and there was some unruly people no doubt, loud people. and i saw the police in a phalanx and said they're going to break up this march. >> then suddenly a handful of men are busting a window over here. >> chaos has just broken out downtown. negro youths are smashing windows. >> and i went back to king in the first rank and said, martin, the police up there are planning to break us up, and you're going to be a major target. so we're going to turn around

and go back. >> that sound you just heard was the sound of tear gas fired by a police officer in an attempt to thwart this unruly demonstration. >> if you do not leave this area, you will be arrested. we urge you to return to your homes immediately for your own safety. >> move! >> we must not allow the events of the day to cause us to let up. that would be a tragic error. >> there will be continued marches. we will not stop. >> i don't think king had a choice. he had to go back to memphis and prove that there could be a non-violent march. >> and all are concerned. two behind you and one right here.

>> good evening, my fellow americans. tonight i want to speak to you of peace in vietnam and southeast asia. no other question so preoccupies our people. >> it is a new war in vietnam the enemy now has the initiative. now there are finite limits to the destruction vietnam can absorb. there are only so many buildings and so many people. the time is at hand when we must decide whether it's futile to destroy vietnam in the effort to save it. >> we are prepared to move immediately toward peace through negotiations. >> daddy tried to the end to get peace with vietnam. >> i'm no goddamn fascist. i'm trying to settle this thing. both daughters' husbands are going out. one is going to hue and the other to da nang, right there in the middle of it. god knows i'm more concerned than anybody. on the plane tvinak out to get and so there's a picture of chuck and me carrying this tin of cookies. and before he left on the airplane, i am now pregnant, but it's secret. and he says to me, i have signed

my will, and if i'm killed, the marine corps will take care of everything. >> now as in the past the united states is ready to send representatives to any forum at any time to discuss the means of bringing this ugly war to an end. >> by the end of march, president johnson is in despair. bobby kennedy, his great nightmare, is in the race. >> i'm interested in the future of this country and what it must stand for, and i don't think it's been satisfactory up to the present time. >> so this on top of all the other bad news he had in march pushes lbj over the edge. >> finally, let me say this. >> he told very few people about the last part of his march 31st speech. >> of course mother knew that he was going to do it that night. i talked to him. i said please, don't do it. but daddy had made his decision. with american sons in the field far away, with america's future

under challenge right here at home, i do not believe that i should devote an hour or day of my time to any personal partisan causes or to any duties other than the awesome duties of this office. >> he just was worn out. >> accordingly -- >> by all of these heavy, heavy burdens. >> -- i shall not seek and i will not accept the nomination of my party for another term as your president. >> i stood in the wings and -- and cried. >> good night and god bless all of you. >> but i think it lifted a lot from his shoulders. and he said, i did the best i could. it was very hard. it was just very, very hard. >> in terms of politics, it's still a long time. a lot of things can happen. >> the next president of the united states hubert humphrey. >> richard nixon. >> i've come to oregon. we've had a rather successful primary there. >> this campaign train is on a life or death mission. >> along columbia students barricade a university building. >> the students push forward and the police push back. >> washington, chicago, detroit,

new york, racial confrontation. a state of emergency. >> mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the lord. ♪ ♪ you say you want a revolution ♪ ♪ well you know >> please stop! please stop! ♪ we all want to change the world. >> we're tired of full-time jobs for part-time income. ♪ you told me of evolution, well you know we all want to change the world ♪ >> i know nonviolence will work. >> this what you want to do, destroy the country? >> i'll desty