it all. quest joining us live is the administrator. great to have you here for this event. now, why are solar eclipses so -- such a unique opportunity to study the sun? >> you have the alignment of three celestial bodies. unique things happen when that

occurs. it has a profound effect on earth. think about it. middle of the day and all of a sudden it gets totally dark. us earthlings are not accustomed to that, nor are the other little earthlings. all the animals. it is also an opportunity for us to study much more, one of those celestial bodies. that is our star, our sunshine, the star in our solar system. we can find out more about that gaseous explosion that is coming out from the core of the sun. when we can see it better. we can see it better because we are not looking at the bright ball. you are suddenly looking at that corona, that mass of gas is coming out from the edge.

>> you do not have to be a scientist to study this event, right? how do we get help from people across the country to study these things? >> by asking them. make a note of anything that you observe and share that with us. >> we had to take precautions when viewing a solar eclipse. remind everybody what we should be doing today. >> you have glasses. the glasses -- they are absolutely essential. the one to put design, as it is starting to have that moon moving in front of the sun. we do not want you to damage your eyes. and it is incredible. you put these glasses on during the day and you cannot see, but when you look at the sunshine, you will be protected.

>> we appreciate your time here and now we will hand it back over to james. >> the countdown is on. a few moments until the eclipse makes landfall. you can see where the shadow is. it is moving rapidly onward. there is a live feed covering the event. let me go to the moon board. scarlett johansson had a question a little earlier about the rippling effect of the eclipse shadow. first glance, you might think it is low resolution but the inverse is actually true. it is incredibly high-resolution because of data that we have been gathering for more than 10 years. it has been mapping our nearest neighbor with incredible

resolution, getting every single bit of valley or mountain. all those imperfections are contributing. you will not be able to see that from the ground, but from space, you can see the rippling. some things, that little crescent of sunshine. for now, make sure that you keep your glasses on until it is completely blacked out by the moon. you will have a long duration there. it sounds like a lot of time, but it will move like that, so make sure that you are ready. for all our locations, make sure that you set a timer on your watch or your phone to remind yourself to look outside. if you missed this, you have a long time to wait. make sure that you are watching and watching safely. you saw some footage and it is a

little cloudy and places. we hope it clears out in time for us to have a good view, but this eclipse will be coming in new mexico. this will be really exciting. the countdown is on. this is the last little bit right here. one note, if you wanted to see this preview of what he eclipse is expected to look like, all these are clickable. it will snap you to the exact time of what it will look like in your neck of the woods. back to you, megan. quest you get to see how a tiny sliver of the sun we are expecting totality in a minute and 35 seconds. joining us with vision, kelly.

tell us what they are about to conduct. >> is about the planes being flown over to make sure that we can see that so corona. >> is almost there. we had a camera inside the cockpit. this will be a huge part of what we do. >> there is. yeah looking out and it looks like we are seeing a lot of cloud. these are carrying three different instruments. the atmosphere actually responds to the eclipse and we are trying to figure out how that responds to it.

leslie also had a shot of the coast and the fact that it is already going over. what is cool is that we do have i all over this thing because we are collecting so much data. quest we also have rockets on the other set of the country being launched. look at that. we are not there, but i feel the excitement. quest the peaks and valleys of the moon, we are seeing the last beds through and now we are getting to totality. this is great. you're starting to see those fingers out there sticking out. quest totality here in mexico. the first experience the moon completely eclipsing the sun.

it is now safe to remove your eclipse glasses for the next four minutes and he mentioned some of those pink events that we are seeing. >> because they are helium -- they are hanging out there. that could be the start of space weather. it could be one of those explosions for space weather. understanding how to live with the sun. quest can you explain why space weather is important to us on earth? >> is not just satellites interested but the power grid. because of the images from the explosions that can happen, it could damage the power grid and also do things like interfere with gps signals. if we did not have that, it would be a big problem, so we are looking to understand it better.

quest our telescope operator is adjusting. now they are viewing it a different way. after totality, we might see some shaking as well. i cannot believe how crisp it is. the view of it is so crisp. it is amazing that we can see that with such accuracy. >> just hanging out all around the sun. 3 million can fit inside of their. there is a lot of atmosphere there, all around, hanging out and and warm. one thing that they are addressing. basically he is going to fly and trying to chase down the shadow for as long as possible. >> they can change it for a

while and get an extra two minute. on the ground we only get 4.5 minutes. they will get six minutes. >> now we have slipped and seeing the front. it looks very dark with just a little bit of light on in the horizon. quest the night sky is very dark. you will see twilight all around. >> what an amazing vantage point. i am very jealous. kelly, are you jealous? >> i'm a little bit jealous. >> a big thank you to the pilots and the whole team supporting them for that view. kelly, you have a wealth of knowledge when it comes to the sun. if you are interested in learning more, check out the

curious universe podcast. it will pop up on the screen and it will take you straight there. look at that. we are showing you amazing views during this broadcast. a big thank you to the virtual institute for providing the telescope views. >> it is a collection of teams across the world studying the intersection, helping us get ready for our next trip, as humans come to the moon. >> let's keep watching the screen. what are we watching for? ? looking for the diamond ring effect? -- diamond ring effect. protect your eyes. back to the partial phase.

kelly, that is a filter, that is why you are seeing that. we are fine in cleveland. what we are seeing is because we needed to adjust the filter. it is basically like putting on our glasses. telescope operators need to protect their own eyes and their equipment. i appreciate your time with us. it was fun to learn about the science and the the eclipse. thank you so much. there is a lot to learn about the sun and our eclipses. nasser developed a clever game. we have another qr code coming up on your screen. all you have to do is screen grab it and you can check out the game.

ok. nasa can predict total solar eclipse to a high degree of accuracy because of that lunch 15 years ago. the spacecraft is now helping our artemis two astronauts, who will be orbiting the moon next year. ♪ >> nasa's next step in establishing a long-term presence on the moon is sending four astronauts to fly around it with the artemis two mission. one of the training has been to study images from the lunar reconnaissance orbiter. the spacecraft launched in 2000 nine and continues to use seven instruments, including a high-resolution camera to help us learn more about the moon's surface. we now know more about the moon's typography than any other planetary body in the solar system, including earth. artemis does crew used

photographs to learn how to identify lunar landmarks that they will see from where bait and to seek out sites of scientific interest, like possible landing spots for future explorers. people back here on earth also use lr 02 predict the -- lro. the moon's shadow will change throughout the eclipse, depending on the lunar terrain and elevation of -- of observers on earth. people could even see an arc of solar diamonds around the -- around the moon. that is a look at your arguments moon minute. -- artemis moon minute. here is a familiar face. i just revealed that it is snoopy. just outside of our host desk, waiting at us and waving back at

them. i did spoil the surprise. we have snoopy here, our chief safety officer here at nasa. snoopy, if we were to watch eclipse today, before totality, what should we do? that's right, you should have your glasses on. quest what about during totality? can we take them off? >> snoopy, i can see your shining bright eyes. i have to ask you a question. today we have been pulling everybody, asking for the total solar eclipse, who is the big star of the show? is it the earth? is it the moon? is it the sun? you have to pick one. you do not want to pick one? all of them are great. snoopy, thank you so much. i know you are excited to see the total solar eclipse.

let's head back over to texas. >> all right. thank you. what an incredible view. as you can see on your screen, we are less than one minute away from the eclipse crossing. how fast is the moon's shadow moving right now? >> it is going about 1900 mph. >> that is incredible. we were able to see the diamond ring effect. hopefully, we will be able to see that. >> yeah watching that live feed. >> just to see this crossing the moon. wow. look at this. we are about 10 seconds away. take it in. wow.

what a spectacular -- wow. there you have it. >> we see a little bit, as we are looking at it, those lights trickling through the surface of the moon, coming through the peaks and valleys. >> what are reviewing on the left-hand side? it is almost a pink color effect. >> these pink fingers are popping out a little bit. those are the solar prominences that appear pink. let's focus on the corona, that glow that we are getting. you can see these streams coming out. we do not have the ability to see it on a day-to-day basis. with the total eclipse, we can see that corona coming through nice and bright. >> that is a magical view.

we have 70 questions coming in online. our first one from justin he wants to know, -- justin wants to know what it will look like if it is clouded over. >> you will not be able to see this view if it is clouded over, but you will get a change in the temperature. the temperature will drop. it is noticeably darker. you will get those environmental effects. >> a great follow-up. they want to know will the temperature change? do you know how many degrees? >> it depends on humidity, but it can change by about 20° or so

. we are feeling a little chilly compared to earlier. i'm just looking at this view. >> we are halfway through totality. this is almost double totality. >> that's right. 2017 we had a little more than two minute. we had over four minutes in some places. >> this is so beautiful. why is the sun more active right now? >> the sun is more active because it goes from solar maximum to solar minimum where it is changing it level of activity. the bottom right, we can see that extending out. that is potentially the beginning of their activity.

if there is a time to see any of that activity during the eight -- this eclipse, now is the time to do it. maybe we will be lucky to see some of these features change for us. quest that is so beautiful. -- >> that is so beautiful. >> the solar cycle goes on for about 11 years. the latest production is that we will reset sometime this year and go back to fleur minimum. >> i have time for one more quick question from christopher coming once to know what other planets have the best eclipses. >> they do not only happen on earth. let's talk about mars.

mars has two moons. no other planet has quite a view like this. it is special for us, just the distance and size of the moon means that it will completely block the sun, as it is doing today. you can see that diamond ring effect, as we are coming out of totality. >> what an incredible view. >> that is going to be that diamond ring. a little bit smaller over the surface. people in that location should have the safety glasses back on, so they can view the partial eclipse. >> is fantastic. the next time we see this eclipse, it will be in texas. the countdown is on. we have about 10 minutes before we see this with our own eyes. let's check back in with lauren.

>> we are getting close to the eclipse ourselves. right now we have a very special guest, the deputy administrator and former astronaut. >> is great to be here. i'm very excited. >> what is it like to be in indianapolis for an event like this? >> is a beautiful day and i love the fact that we are here with thousands of people at the motor speedway. we are joining with millions of people around america, looking up together, to the sky. >> is this your first eclipse? >> is not, but it will be my first totality. i have seen several partial eclipses, but there is something mystical and mysterious, and in some ways unifying about an eclipse. we are going to feel it together. >> we could not have lucked out more on the weather today.

as a former astronaut, we know that the weather is important for keeping astronauts safe. what is safe weather? why do we care about it? >> is very important. it is of concern for astronauts in space because they experience radiation of the sun that comes from solar flares and solar weather. it is also affecting life on earth. it impacts the upper reaches of our atmosphere, called the ionosphere. it is a conduit for communication. it is critically important. it can affect power grids. you have seen the effect of solar weather. the focus for today is where it starts, which is in the corona. it is very unusual and we do not know what is happening because

the sun's at here is millions of degrees hotter. we are hoping to learn today more about how that happens and why that happens to better predict solar flares and things that impact us on earth. >> it is something that we are learning a lot today. thank you for joining us today. eclipses are important for many reasons. we have radio telescope operators who are studying the eclipse. let's take a look at that work. >> the moon blocks the sun during a solar eclipse. there is a noticeable effect on earth and the atmosphere. it can affect radio communication, including imagery radio, also known as ham radio. >> ham radio is a way you can talk to people all around the world. you set up a radio and antenna. you talk into the radio, it

sends it up into the antenna, the antenna sends it into the sky, it bounces off of the electrified layers of the sky, and back down to the earth. >> during the 2024 total solar eclipse, the project is inviting ham radio operators to translate signals. the goal is to make as many video contacts as they can during the celestial event. by reporting how strong that radio signals are and how far they go, operators and scientists can learn about how the ionosphere changes during solar eclipses. >> sometimes you can talk around the world and sometimes you cannot. it is based on what the ionosphere is doing, what the sun is doing. i find that really magical. >> to learn how you can participate, follow us on facebook.

>> we are minutes away from the total solar eclipse over texas. the temperature is dropping. the sky is dimming and we are on the edge of our seats. we are with the commander, reid wiseman. it is an honor to have you here. >> is wonderful. >> thank you for being here. we are ready. it is exciting. have you seen a total solar eclipse before? >> never a total. >> this is incredible. >> what considerations do you and your fellow astronauts need to think about when traveling back to the moon? >> it was nice to see a friend

of mine over there in indianapolis. radiation is the big thing. solar radiation is the big danger from the sun. the apollo astronauts dealt with it and we have dealt with it for a long time on international station. we think we know what we will encounter. >> tell me, how does it feel to be the commander of the mission going back to the moon? >> every day that i go into work is fun. i'm flying with people who have principles, integrity and so much knowledge and professionalism. it is a dream come true. the international team is the best. >> thank you so much for being with us. really quickly, do you have any advice for anybody who might

want to follow in your foot? >> we always say go all in on it and live your best life. be as good of a professional as you can. we look forward to seeing your application. >> good luck on your upcoming mission. if anybody feels like reaching for the stars, nasa is currently accepting applications to be an astronaut. you can one day travel to the moon or mars. teachers, scientists, even those in the armed forces, we are looking for a diverse group to take humanity further into the cosmos. you can apply now through april 16 by visiting nasa posh vs website. timing is everything when it comes to pulling off successful science during an event like today. let's hear from a special guest who knows a thing or two about perfect alignment.

♪ >> i am paul, shortstop for the chicago white sox. what does it take to do my job? you have toi have specialized ig the pass of a fast-moving object. you have to know exactly where and when two paths cross, just like nasa needs know where the sun, moon, and earth will align. working it all out on the whiteboard is won. -- one thing, but seeing it in action as a whole other ballgame. on april 8, you can see just what i mean as a total solar eclipse crosses the united states. you know where to be to see the eclipse in person. no miss your chance to miss the

beauty of science in action and maybe catch a ballgame. >> we are under two minutes away from the totality here in kerrville, texas. this will mark the start of our coverage across america. we have a little bit of cloud cover right now in kerrville, but again, we are holding out hope. nikki, thank you for being here. >> i would not be anywhere else. >> tell us how they science conducted today will really impact the future of exploration at nasa science. >> there is so much we will be doing today. we will be studying the sun, the atmosphere, how that changes.

i'm going to hold it up. >> i love magnetometers. >> we will have them all the way across the path of totality. >> oh my goodness. >> my goodness. wow. >> glasses on. >> yes, glasses on, but we are about to -- >> it is time, it is time. it is getting dark here. the winds pick up. you can see the birds started flying a minute ago. >> oh, my goodness. >> we are they are nearly there.

>> wow! [cheers and applause] >> oh my goodness. >> it is the corona! >> it is amazing. look at that. oh my goodness. look how dark it is. >> yes. it is just a white rain. >> a white ring. >> wow. planes, helicopters, drones.

>> it is amazing. we have about, what, four minutes? >> yes, 4:25. >> it just reminded you that we are on this planet, and you have to be on this planet to see what we are seeing. >> we are, that is what you have to be on the sun, earth, and moon. you need the moon for the eclipse, you need the sun for the eclipse. >> all of nasa science represented. >> and something that, what, over 30 million of us -- >> at least. >> in the path of totality. >> absolutely. >> this is getting me extra excited about all the science. >> yes. >> those clouds are playing

tricks on us now. they are being pretty mean. >> it was nice to get a taste, though. >> yeah. >> so dark. >> i'm so happy that the folks that traveled are able to see this take place. >> such a great atmosphere all day. then the sun comes out. >> there is cheering, counting down. it has been so incredible. >> nikki, what is your favorite part about an eclipse? is this your first? >> no, this is my second one. 2017, i was in nebraska, and i saw it there. you can study the sun, you can study the corona, but suddenly you see it with your own eyes, and you have that feeling of, wow, that is our star. it is not the sun anymore, and you see it looking like a star. we study, as we look for

exoplanets in other galaxies that might be able to support life, you know, we need to understand our relationship here on this planet with that star. it is so important. when you see it, you are just like, wow, it actually is a star. it is not just a bright point in the sky to do conceit the structure. you can see how exciting the sun is and how dynamic it is. >> yeah. and it is not often we can actually see the science we are doing with our own eyes. >> that is right. >> millions of us. that is great. >> it is pretty windy too, here. >> it is windy. >> earlier in the show, we mentioned toler's -- total solar eclipses only happen every 375 years. and you explain why we don't see one every month? >> because the moon's orbit is

actually tilted. at this particular time, it is right between the earth and the sun, it is actually at its closest point to the earth, so at the plane of the sky come of the sky, the moon is exactly the same size as the sun, and that is very unique. >> that is so special, too. >> what are the odds? >> it is 400, the difference between the earth and the moon is 400 times closer, and it is 400 times larger, too. >> the eclipse. >> yeah. the crowd. >> you can hear the crowd. >> they are getting excited. >> we are hopeful. >> this has been crazy all day. >> it is so crazy, too, how dark

it is midday. >> yep. >> we are starting to get the light back. >> yep. unfortunately, we did not see the diamond ring at the end of the eclipse, because of the clouds, but we did see it, right before totality, there was suddenly this beautiful bright, one light, that it all went dark. we actually did see quite a few great features on the sun, and many said they could see a sunspot. obviously through their glasses. >> can you clarify what the sunspots are, for our viewers? >> yeah. if you are looking for your glasses, you might have seen a couple of dark spots on the sun. they are very intense places, that magnetic field is very active, and that is what can cause weather.

every now and then, they can explode, and some material can go. >> thank you. let's follow right up the past. next up is dallas. we are joining michael for their big moment in the sun. >> yeah. you can feel the temperature change. the wind has completely quieted down. >> the energy here is amazing. with me right now is dr. michael todd, one of our experts. today is a total clips. how are you feeling today? >> it is totally different. i am ecstatic. the eclipse is really cool. the energy here is electric. >> if you look around, you can see the darkness is coming. let's have a quick look. we are almost there. we are just minutes away. >> just a crescent. >> let's look at some of the

ways public are participating. >> yes, there are people all around the country right now making measurements of audio recordings, to see how the environment is changing, and it is a great opportunity to genuine science with audio recorders. joy: fantastic. we are only a few minutes away, 1:30, actually. michael, what should we expect to see what was before dave totality? dr. kirk: you will see the crescent sun slowly drift away, slight hosts of light, cascading through the moon's valleys, and then right before totality, you will see a diamond ring, that last, single point of light, then we will be in totality. you just have a thumbnail of sun left.

we are closing in on totality here. joy: wow, you see a sliver of the sun left. remember, you can only take the safety glasses off when the moon has completely cover the side, added dallas, texas, we are only seconds away. dr. kirk: my goodness pete i can feel my heart racing to the crowd is getting excited. the birds are chirping as they feel like they are going into a nighttime routine. joy: wow . we are seconds away to you can hear the crowd cheering. dr. kirk: my goodness. this is absolutely ecstatic. just a few seconds more. joy: 10 seconds. dr. kirk: i'm so excited. "washington journal we are five seconds away -- joy: we are five seconds away from totality. dr. kirk: deep twilight around here. and totality. [cheers and applause] oh, my gosh.

that is absolutely breathtaking. joy: oh my god, michael, how are you feeling right now? dr. kirk: i am just awestruck. there are a few high clouds, but the beauty of the corona is clearly visible kid you can see the spiky structure poking out. it is heart stopping and beautiful. joy: i have tears in my eyes. i was not expecting this. dr. kirk: this is one of those experiences that you never forget it i feel so special to be right here, right now, experiencing it, and knowing that people literally across the nation are doing the scene is truly amazing. joy: let's take a moment to take it all in. this is absolutely breathtaking. dr. kirk: wow.

you can see that spiky structure in the corona care that is indicative of our approach to solar maximum, that is going to be happening a few months from now. the view of the corona will never happen again, ever. this is a completely unique view. even if you see one million solar eclipses, you will never see another one like this. joy: what is it like for you? dr. kirk: i mean, there are no words. i spent my whole life studying the same. to be able to see it and feel it, it is tremendous. you see a providence, that pink spot in the atmosphere, and that is what i spent five years doing a dissertation on, that one little pink spot, and it was in perspective.

joy: i can see those pink loops. dr. kirk: they are brightly shining in the sky. there is a plane racing across the shadow right now. joy: i want to take a moment -- this is so, so stunning. dr. kirk: yeah. people are flooding here, as you can hear. i think everyone here is getting exactly where they came from, just the sense of their place in the universe. being able to see a star like this is truly special. joy: we have one minute left of the locality. dr. kirk: the time has his too quickly. joy: the next time across the u.s. is another 20 years, so this is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity for a lot of people.

dr. kirk: absolutely. our friends in alaska will see their next eclipse in 2033. i'm already thinking i need to go there. it doesn't matter what i have to do, i have to go there. joy: as totality ends,, let's cherish these last few moments of totality in dallas, texas. michael, what will happen right as totality ids? dr. kirk: as totality is, we will go through the process in reverse, maybe a diamond ring, as the sun creeps out from totality, and then we will go into a crescent sun again. there is the diamond ring again. put your glasses back on. joy: sunglasses -- i'm sorry, eclipse glasses back on.

wow. the sliver of the sun. dr. kirk: you can see shadow bands on the ground right now. looks like it is almost raining. you can see shadow bands racing across the ground as it comes back in out of totality. joy: wow. oh, my goodness, michael, that was amazing. i was not expecting to feel so emotional. i still have tears in my eyes. dr. kirk: it just grabs you. it is unlike anything else. it is as amazing as seeing anything in the natural universe. like i said, there are no words. joy: michael, thank you so much for being with us in this very special moment. dr. kirk: i feel honored to be here. we truly are in a special place in the entire universe, right here, and i am so happy to share it with you. joy: let's head back to james at nasa's kennedy center, talking shadows across the u.s.

how are things on your end? james: wow, yeah, joy and michael, it is amazing how dark it gets, you can hear the birds chirping as well get absolutely beautiful. we have a bunch coming. the next eclipse target is in russellville, arkansas, they will have a long window, too, 4:12. again, as you continue to track this with our eclipse tool, you can see just how quickly it is moving. i'm playing this in real time. you can see that shadow moving to the northeast. the fun is not just for our friends on the path of totality, and there are a lot of people in the path of totality, about 31 million people reside somewhere on the path of totality, but there are 30 million people outside of it as well, if i could put the overlay on here for the present coverage, a letter folks in florida are

experiencing that partial eclipse, as always, if you are in a partial clips, be sure to wear those eclipse glasses. these bands here are greater than 75% good thing if you are watching in milwaukee, for example, you got a great view, almost 100%. 89 point 4%, looks like you've got good cloud cover, 20% cloud cover can hopefully you have a nice view up there as well, too . i've also put this overlay so you can see the duration of totality, getting more than four minutes. it may seem like a lot of time, but you can see how quickly that could go get michael, it sounds like you wrote a dissertation, a five-year piece. again, if you missed it, the next time in the u.s. is not going to be until 2045. make sure you are previewing exactly when to see that the time of coverage wherever you are in the path of totality or even outside the path of totality. our friends in russellville,

looks like they got right coverage there, too, only 9% cloud cover, so hopefully they are getting a really nice view. let's check in with jazmine, hopefully you are looking good. how is it looking your way up in russellville? jasmine: everything is looking absolutely fabulous here in russellville. we are back here in the downtown depot area. joining us is dr. patrick kane, all the way from d.c. how are you feeling? dr. kane: i am incredibly excited. as i'm watching the changes, i'm thinking back to the tech specs -- textbooks i've read. this is very different. jasmine: describe the atmosphere around us as it is changing. dr. kane: the temperature has been falling for the last 20, 30 minutes. but the light is dimming faster

and faster and seems like it is accelerating. the crowd is definitely getting excited. i'm looking around the ground, as i see the shadows, this is really exciting. jasmine: it really is. the crowd behind us just erupted. we are hearing them falling little bit quieter, too. we are going to take a beat of silence as we get into totality. we will also look over our shoulder until we are in totality. here we go. just a sliver of the sun left. dr. koehn: here we go. the crowd is getting excited. jasmine: yeah. the crowd all around us, completely electric. dr. koehn: going. going. wow. jasmine: oh, my goodness.

here we are. and the crowd goes wild. wow! dr. koehn: we've got some bailey's beads. jasmine: absolutely stunning. dr. koehn: we see venus over to the side there. jasmine: and, patrick, it came and went so quickly, but we did see a diamond ring. what is that? dr. koehn: sure. that diamond ring affect is due to the moon not being completely sphere. it has mountains, valleys. we just watched the sun set. through a valley on the bone. jasmine: absolutely stunning. dr. koehn: oh, my. jasmine: you said the planet, we can see it. dr. koehn: yeah. we've got venus to the one side, we've got jupiter up here to the

left of the sun. and there is the corona. jasmine: absolutely beautiful. dr. koehn: that is spectacular. jasmine: you said this is happening during what we call a solar -- does that mean the sun is stronger right now than normal got dr. koehn: not so much stronger come of a more dynamic. the magnetic fields on the sign is more chaotic, more disorganized. you see random durations, for just what is leaving the sun. that is spectacular. jasmine: all right, we are reaching that halfway mark already, two minutes into totality. dr. koehn: there is even just a hint of a diamond ring down at the bottom. jasmine: i can see it. yeah. we are looking at a diamond ring from arkansas, the diamond state. now, patrick, of course, as we have been talking about it, this

is a helio physics big year, you are a helio physics extraordinaire from washington, d.c. dr. koehn: the helio physics big year started out in october, and we take a cause here in the middle to watch this particular eclipse, but that it will end on december 24th of 2024 when parker solar probe passes as close as it will ever get to the surface of the sun, within nine solar radii. jasmine: you worked on it 20 years ago. dr. koehn: i worked on a concept study for parker solar probe when i was a graduate student in 2002, and the idea was for us to dive into the sun rather than orbit the sun, so it was going to be a sun dive. jasmine: wow. this must be a very full circle moment for you. dr. koehn: this is absolutely brilliant. and that diamond ring -- wait a

minute. that is pink. what we are seeing is down into the coma sphere now of the sun. we are seeing a little bit deeper of the corona, i believe, because of the pinkish color, we are looking at the corona sphere , which is a deeper layer of the sun. wow. jasmine: wow. this is like nothing we've seen in arkansas, and we will not see it again in years. dr. koehn: right, 2045. jasmine: as we exit totality. we will be careful with our eyes, as we needed, we will put those glasses back on, of course. the crowd erupting, falling quiet again. dr. koehn: wow. i'm actually seeing bats

fluttering through the air. jasmine: nocturnal animals are coming out. dr. koehn: as far as they are concerned, it is nighttime, so it is time for the defeat, so all of the mosquitoes are going to be sweating. jasmine: we will be careful. all right, we are putting those glasses back on. the second diamond ring, seeing them right here in arkansas, the diamond state, absolutely stunning. dr. koehn: outstanding. jasmine: beautiful. patrick, one question i do have to ask you before we let you go, are you team sun, moon, or earth? dr. koehn: i am team sun, team sun all day long. jasmine: we want to thank the city of russellville for hosting us. now, let's get back to james over at kid center. james back to you.

james: yeah. thanks so much, jasmine. you can see that shadow has officially moved off and is on our way to our next target, which is us here in carbondale, which is one of those lucky cities, because in 2017 they were right at the intersection point of the 2017 includes across america. they are there again this year. they will have a much longer spot. in 2017, they only had 2:14, but now they have 4:10, a great viewing window for them to take in this big moment. also some details about this tool is welcome if i click onto their eclipse time, you notice this little icon comes up here. if this is based off of real data from the parker solar probe.

as you've heard, the sun is more active this time around. lots of different streamers, like a wild hairball, streaking off the sun. really collectivity around the sun's corona. if you're really lucky and the timing is just right, you might get a coronal mass ejection streaking off the sun. hopefully somebody gets to see that today. you can see the actual path that the moon will be taking around the sun. you can actually see as i go to our life moment here, this is what we are expecting in real time, carbondale had a little crescent, and you can see that shadow is closing quickly. let me turn off the 2017 path, you can see mirroring totality. 27% club cover.

that is coming up that 1:59:15. we will be moving on to indianapolis all the way of to our final target in maine bang. there's a lot coming up, if you are in the path of totality cannot have glasses at the ready to be able to observe that partial eclipse did this is going to be going on for a while. for now, let's take a look at carbondale nc what it is looking like. how is it looking in carbondale? >> a couple more minutes. well, the crowd is going wild in carbondale. bob bear is with us. i know it is not quite ready yet, but tell us what you expect for the eclipse today? good weather. bob: good weather. we have high clouds. it will look a little hazy, but

we are moments away from seeing the diamond ring here. this is awesome. >> i thought we saw it. bob: i think about one minute. >> one minute away. today, we are having longer totality. are you feeling the temperature change? i'm already feeling the temperature dropped. bob: i felt the temperature dropping 20 but if you go even and the went camping up a little bit. it will continue to get cooler. we have a lot to look at in the sky. >> i'm very excited. i'm looking at what i can. bob: it is so cool. it is getting very dark right now. you can see the shadow going across. bob: this is the start of it. it is light over here, dark over here. >> this is amazing. the crowd going nuts. you can see the planets. the crowds going nuts. it's crazy. bob, it is amazing. bob: here we go.

>> don't look at the sun yet. it is not quite totality, but you can still see some of the planets. oh, total darkness here. this is incredible. oh, wow. there it is. the diamond rang! -- ring! it is amazing. look at that! bob, it is amazing. bob: wow. jupiter. >> complete totality. i see jupiter. bob: oh my gosh. that is gorgeous. >> this is amazing, bob. bob: wow, that is huge. i think we want to look through the scope. >> yes, look through the scope. i'm going to walk over with you as you look through the scope. we are right here at one of the telescopes we have positioned here. bob is looking through with the naked eye, and he will give us

some feedback. what is amazing is how dark it is compared to 2017. much darker. a lot more astronomical features. we have seen jupiter, and what planet is that, bob? bob: that is venous to the right. -- venus to the right. we cannot quite see mercury. 300 60-degree sunset around us. it's going to get darker. >> wow. it's already pretty dark. bob: we are not quite in the middle yet. 2:46 to go. we are getting some live data from the team here. >> i tell you, it is really impressive, bob. bob: oh, my gosh, that prominence is getting better. >> i cannot believe the clarity.

it is so much darker than 2017. bob: we have six telescopes running back here. >> that is a big, important part here. it is not just capturing, people watching the show, you are actually capturing scientific data that can be used by scientists everywhere. bob: we are, and we have seen totality across north america so far. we will experience ourselves, and we will experience it after this on the jumbotron. >> it's like the most amazing eclipse train you could have a ride on. bob: wow, this is a bit better than 2017. >> without a doubt. bob: no clouds. >> what is interesting, the crowd is quieting down, they seem to be experiencing a moment, taking it all in. a really special moment here. bob: we must be getting close to the center. where are we at, two minutes?

1:30 the corona is getting bigger, because it is adjusting now get it is amazing, bob, and how much corona you see. there's a bat, flying over the crowd. >> yeah, we talked about the animals becoming active. bob: we found a lunar moth earlier. that is four times the diameter of the sun. >> that is massive. that is amazing, bob. i am really concerned about the prominence at the bottom. blair is looking through the scope. bl that one right at the bottom is significant, b. b. it looks like a corona mass ejection, but don't correct me on that. i am just a novice. >> 30 seconds left of totality.

it is great because we have telescopes out here for people to look at. bob: we are getting close. >> i don't know what you guys are seeing on television, but -- >> 10 seconds to go could we need to put our glasses back on to it we put the cath back on the telescope to make sure nobody looks. what an amazing event, bob. there is the diamond ring! there is the second one! >> oh, snap! oh, that is amazing! it's like it was scheduled! bob: somebody have the timing right here. [laughter] >> that is amazing. bob: we will see shadow bands again here. >> you hear the crowd. everybody is excited. what an amazing moment here at the stadium with bob baer and

10,000 fans all loving every moment of it. bob, some final words? bob: well, i think we just had an eagle fly over, but that is incredible. >> we saw animals reactions, we heard it, we felt it. bob: keep an eye out for shadow bands. we will see them again in about one minute on the ground. >> i've got to tell you guys come aback at the studio, i know you guys have seen eclipses already, there are still some to come, but what an amazing moment. back to you, guys. good weather all the way to the end. >> thank you, blair. we are in indianapolis. with me i have nikki and denise hill, nasa's outreach and munication for the nasa's helio felix division. let's get our glasses on. you can hear the crowd start to

roar. ladies, what are we seeing right now? >> i mean, just and on beyond that this moment, it is beautiful. we are seeing a really small crescent, but the light all around us, it is so dusty, on. dd. >> it is. i'm feeling a temperature drop already. it is feeling cooler. >> the crowd is starting to go. >> we are so close. >> the best soundtrack you can possibly ask for in the background here. >> we are so close. >> a little bit left, and you can really hear the crowd. >> here we go. >> here we go. >> here we go.

>> we are so, so close. all right, we are at totality. oh my gosh, i can actually visualize the corona. look at that. fantastic. it is gorgeous. >> absolutely incredible. >> amazing. >> and dark. >> look at how dark it is. >> you can really see those streamers coming on right now. i'm seeing some bright lights around where it is flickering, and i can see streamers coming off of the corona. >> we were seeing some bailey's beads, bright light where the sun has craters on the moons, and look at those streamers of the corona. >> holy moly. >> it is dark.

i've got to take a look at the crowd right now. >> the crowd is going absolutely wild. it is now safe to look at the eclipse without your glasses. what an amazing sight. we have a little under four minutes to enjoy this. if you were in an open field right now, you would be able to see a sunset, a 360-degree sunset all around us. >> this is my first total eclipse. >> this is my first total clips. this is a bucket list moment. once in a lifetime, a you are an eclipse chaser. >> i would quit my job. [laughter] >> wow, fantastic. >> you spend so long trying to see the corona, and to see it with my eyes, with your own eyes, just gorgeous. i'm in awe of being this person

on this rock moving around the sun. >> yes, and to share this moment with 50,000 people all looking up at the moon and the sun all at once, it is just incredible experience. to all the folks here in indy and all the folks watching, i hope you can take, you know, the amazing energy and excitement from this crowd. what a special moment in the united states. >> wow! you can hear the crowd. >> wow, ok. i think we are seeing, yes, those beautiful prominences. >> the corona is putting on such a show right now. it has got my attention. >> we have got some very appropriate music in the background. >> this is the best expense of

getting wound in my life. [laughter] >> i am just in all. -- awe. >> can feel so strange to me right now. i feel the hair in my arm standing up. >> and we are starting to get some nighttime insects coming out, some bugs. >> yes, it is hard to hear them over the crowd, but. >> yes, i think the animals are a little confused. nicki, while we have you come as the associate director of flight programs, one can we expect nasa to be sending to the sun in a few years? nnicki: we are so lucky, the diamond ring right now. put your glasses back on, be safe, that is the diamond ring, folks.

and the light is already starting to fade. >> it really is. what a moment. i love those fireworks. [laughter] >> indianapolis is pulling out all the stops, and we love if you want to take a moment to thank our two telescope operators, john and dana, who have been providing the telescopes for us, from boston university. thank you very much to john and data. data. >> is like someone flipped the lights back on. >> so incredible. >> i can feel it warming up already. >> wow incredible. >> this is an incredible moment for the helio figure.

ladies, thank you for joining us. >> we are so excited to be here and share an incredible second >> absolutely. megan and sarah, back to you. >> take a look at this drone shot where you can see it has definitely gotten noticeably darker pit you can feel it here. it is colder. the crowd is cheering, ready for totality in cleveland, ohio. we are less than three minutes away, to 18 time -- 2:18 from totality here in cleveland. the crowd is feeling the excitement. i'm ready. >> yeah. it is super cool. the sun is starting to get dark. are you feeling? >> yeah. it happened within the last couple of seconds. take a look around, because we are not the only ones enjoying the total solar eclipse today. we have some eclipse viewing events we seen around the country, so why don't we take a look at those.

>> wow! that is the nasdaq tower, and they are taking our feed live right now. they get to watch our eclipse with us. >> i'm glad they can do that. look at the sliver of a crescent that is perfect on that building. we can see some people in the foreground taking a look. it is hard to stop in times square, right? but they are stopping to take a look with us. beautiful. oh, awesome. this is next to us, progressive field in cleveland, ohio. the guardians had their opening day here today, and first pitch is after 5:00. as you can see, they have opened up the stadium , and people are inthere. >> yeah. a big crowd to watch this. that is great. >> the and the theater, again, the field is starting to fill,

and everybody looking up at the sky further opportunity to see today's solar eclipse. this is us back here in cleveland. everybody looking up at the sky. we have 30 seconds until totality in cleveland, ohio. i have goosebumps. i kinda of feel like crying. >> it is so cool. it is getting so dark, so fast. >> it looks like night just descended. >> look at the crescent, slowly disappearing. cell phones, cameras, 5, 4, 4, 3, 2, 1! and totality. totality, everyone. ♪ [cheers and applause] >> oh, wow.

oh my god. i wasn't sure, because we had some high clouds, but you can see that corona extending out. >> oh, wow. >> we got very cloudy here in the last hour and a half, but we have a great view here in cleveland, ohio. >> wow, look at the corona. >> look at the crowd. everyone has got their phones out. >> oh my gosh. i saw pictures of what the shape of the corona might look like, from our nasa scientists, and it looks exactly like they predicted. >> you can see jupiter and venus. jupiter to be upper left of the eclipse, and venus is right believe it. >> beautiful.

>> all around us, you see light. >> it's like sunset. >> exactly. we have totality here for 3:50. >> it is such a luxurious amount of time. i saw the 2017, and we only had about two minutes. >> why is that? why is the totality differ? >> sometimes the moon is farther away. as on a elliptical. when it is closer, he looks bigger, so we get a little bit more extra time. >> look at the prominence, you can see on the bottom. >> it is bright pink. >> that is insane that you can see it from here. >> yeah. >> just, like, the power of our sign. i am in awe right now, in awe and cold. >> it is noticeably cooler.

looking out of the crowd, a lot of people taking photos. >> the backdrop of the cleveland skyline. >> yes, we have the stadium did thanking the great lakes science center and nasa for hosting this event in downtown cleveland, ohio. >> it is great to view humanity, together, it is great. >> look at the screen right now. here's a look at this guideline. the sky looks on fire. beautiful. a lot of excitement still here in the crowd. >> they are just taking it all in. >> you are supposed be commentating. [laughter] >> it beautiful! you can tell we have some cloud cover, right? it is kind of hazy here but still. >> i was worried about it, but

we had a pretty good view here. >> wow. >> and, again, this is so rare for people here in cleveland to see a total solar eclipse. the last time was in 1806. the next time, guys, 2444. >> i hope everybody got the time to come outside and witness this today. >> you can see the prominence. tell us what the prominence is. >> that pink color come from helium in the outer level of the atmosphere, and he gives off that pink glow. totality! >> time to bring the glasses back out. that is your cue. glasses back on. wow. what an amazing experience. my first total solar eclipse. let's see what they think about

this in niagara. >> over the entire area, you can hear the crowd erupting at various movements with the eclipse isn't seen, but we are under pretty cloudy conditions, david is with us, the program executive in the physics division. david, a challenging situation trying to see this eclipse. we have seen glimpses. >> we have seen glimpses. we have basically been staring at the sky, hoping to see a glimpse. right now, the sky has gone completely dark. the light has cut down and everything else, and it has gotten significantly colder as well just within the last several minutes. >> on a night like this, we have

been looking at everybody across the country enjoying totality and seeing it clear. that is not the experience we have here. our telephone operator, who is working very hard, has not been able to get that telescope dialed in, so we don't have a feed for you from niagara. what we have is just every once in a while, part of the crowd will cheer, because they have the angle of the cloud a. >> yeah. this guys is only clear a little bit to even need the eclipse glasses. a lot of us have been able to take regular pictures with our cameras. >> let's take a look and kind of enjoy the moment of darkness that we are in now.

people have come from all over the world. >> it looks like it is a little bit lighter up there. >> hours spotlights are blinding. >> can you turn the spotlight down? >> you've got a little bit of the eclipse with people watching. we are catching little glimpses that we see as you look up in the sky. this may not be as exciting the sun, but this is what we get. we are just hoping to have a little bit of a glimpse. >> well, we have got 3:29 for it to happen. we are already a minute or so in. >> right. >> we've heard there are going to be skydivers that will jump out. it might be hard to see them. >> i don't know if we will be able to see the skydivers. we can't see niagara falls related it is basically as if it is night for us here.

you can see some light from the other side. >> mary goes. there he goes, totality right there. >> there it is. >> that it has far right there. wow! a little bit of a hole through the crowd so everybody can see. we are continuing to watch the totality. >> wow! >> you can see a little bit of hint on the side, as the sun is shining through. having to duck down. here we go. a little view right here, as it is starting to peek down around, starting to peek out a little

bit right there. >> yeah. totality is complete. that was a fun experience to watch, like everyone around here, hoping for a few, and we got it. >> that was a unique experience. and suddenly, night is turning into the light and day. >> yeah. we are getting some light again. that is a lot of light. >> i was worried we would not get it. david cheney, thank you for joining us. i was really worried. fortunately for everybody here at niagara falls, we got to see a little bit. thank you very much. >> alright, you are welcome to >> as we take a look around the falls, people have not moved. they are still looking up, enjoying the partial eclipse now. we will bring in jody hansen, an

astronaut who has been at the falls with us for the past few days. jeremy, you will be on a mission. talk about that. jeremy: we got a lot of cloud cover. i think that exceeded expectations. >> well, i mean, when your expectations start off with cloud cover everywhere. jeremy: we all wanted to see it in totality, and we might have only saw it for five seconds, but we did get to see it. we can see the corona, and that is special for me. i really liked that. when i passed a totality of it was amazing. hopefully the camera captured it, but it was like an amazing sunrise. the clouds made a nice backdrop for it, so that was pretty special. >> that was very unique, very

special, and i'm so relieved we can see a little bit of it. that was the moon passing in front of the sun. you are going around the moon, september 2025, currently scheduled for that. you will be the first canadian to do so. we just saw a special moment. that is another one. jeremy: you can imagine i have a lot of thoughts about artemis ii and what we are getting ready to undertake, but i have to boil it down. i'm really proud of humanity for taking on these big challenges. we are really proud of the united states for their leadership. we are creating this opportunity where other countries can express our genius, bring real contributions to the program, and now canada will be the second country in the world to send a human into deep space, and it has nothing to do with me. it has to do with the genius the world is sharing, and i love that. >> that is amazing.

we are at full totality over the lake in new york, not far from here. we are in western new york, where light is continuing to shining a little bit writer. it really is special. in the four days you were here, interacting with the public. jeremy: there's a lot of excitement around the celestial event, and space exploration in general, which i find couple of think it i do not expect space exploration to solve the challenges of the world, but i do think it is one of the pillars of the solution. space plays a role. getting fired up about people asking me, how do i work at nasa, how do i work at the canadian space agency? it is something that brings us together, the spirit of humanity. you have a community, we are all here just being human, sharing something special.

>> sharing it is really unique. appreciate seeing you and having dinner the past few nights, just happened to work out coincidentally. i really enjoyed the time. we will all be rooting you want for your mission in september of next year. good luck, be safe, thank you get jeremy: i appreciate that. i don't know if you saw it when you were on camera, but the birds, they went nuts in totality. they came here, out of the woodwork. i do really neat. anyway, thanks for having me today. it was a pleasure to be here. >> all right, thank you, jeremy. i want to say thank you also to new york state park, niagara falls specifically, we could not have done this without you, so thank you very much. we will send in now to kennedy space center, where james is

tracking totality. >> that's right. we are still in totality and pepper lake, you can see our last target of the day, in maine , this eclipse shadow is moving so quickly. the ground speed is about 2000 miles an hour, so that is a fast clip. if you are in the path of totality, to give an edge of the few fleeting moments. if you are not in the path of totality or you missed it, hopefully you did not miss it, if you did miss it, i will zoom in and show you what to keep an eye out for in the future. this is going to be the eclipse path in 2045. we will come through parts of montana, north dakota in 2044. 2045 is the next big clips around north america. that will come all the way from california into parts of florida in 2045, so a long time to wait could take advantage of those fleeting mamas of being able to

observe this moment. -- fleeting moments of being able to observe this moment. i'm going to click on burlington. an incredible moment, copper lake experiencing that last fleeting moment there, that is just moving off. it has now moved off copper lake, a fantastic shot. they have the diamond ring affect, that beautiful shot. this is, again, such a quick moment. a once-in-a-lifetime moment. take full advantage of this. you can see how close we are to maine, our last stop of the day of our nasa coverage, extending to canada and beyond. in maine, they have had snow the last couple of days. really hoping that holds off for them. they are experiencing a duration of 3:28 to observe that totality at 3:22:05 local time.

let's check in with angelique who is up there in houlton, maine. hopefully it is beautiful weather for you. how is we are just a few minutes away from totality. people are getting excited. as an am. the program scientist for the james webb space telescope is joining us. >> it's great to be here, this is really exciting. >> is this your first eclipse? >> this is the first totality i've seen. i'm super psyched and delighted to be here. >> we have been watching it get closer and closer. we are seeing the shadows change. >> the light is definitely different from when the sun sets. they are still sharp, but the

light is diminishing. your brain tells us something's different -- something different is happening. >> what is interesting about the telescope is it can't look directly at the sun just like we can't. can you tell me more about why that is? >> we designed webb to look for faint things in the distant universe. the sun is very bright so we had to make sure it could never look at the sun. we use solar power to power the spacecraft, but the telescope can't look at the sun. >> as its starting to get closer, let's go ahead and put on our glass so we can look at. wow! just a little bit left. that's incredible. wow. eric, i have a couple more questions for you.

how can we use eclipses to study planets outside of our solar system using the transit method, is that what that's called? >> during an eclipse -- [cheering] >> you hear everybody getting very excited. we're getting close to totality here. >> the moon is transiting in front of the sun, just the way planets another stars transit in front of the stars. webb can look at those exoplanets and use those transits. >> gotcha. a transit is literally when something crosses in front of something else. >> that's right. >> very cool. throughout the broadcast, we have been able to see the eclipse. can you tell us about what the difference is -- we are going to go ahead. >> here we go! >>oh my gosh, a few more seconds

until we are incomplete totality! oh my gosh. four, 3, 2, 1. [cheering] >> you can hear everybody cheering. this is incredible. you can take off your glasses, we are in totality now. >> amazing. it's beautiful, you can see the planets in the sky you couldn't see before. >> is that one of the -- what's the word i'm forgetting now? [laughter] my goodness. it's incredible. the rays you can see coming off of the corona. >> stunning and beautiful. >> that has to be one of the most amazing things i've ever seen. >> you can see the gradation of this guy down to the horizon. >> my goodness.

i'm seeing a bit of that 360 degrees sunset. that is really cool. >> it's amazing. even though we are in the total shadow, the corona is still pretty bright. >> it is incredibly bright. >> you could read by the light of the corona. >> i would have some trouble reading, but i could technically read something. [laughter] actually, we have the international space station flying over right now. they are seeing two views of the eclipse. they are able to see not just the moon passing in front of the sun, but they are also able to see the shadow of the moon passing over earth, which is absolutely incredible. i can hardly imagine a view being better than the one we have right now, but if there is one, it's from the space station. [laughter] yes, they are able to take some pictures of that. that is just incredible. just incredible. >> one of the things they tell

people to do if you are far away is to hear how nature changes. we are surrounded by a lot of people, hearing their reaction. >> the humans and nature have not gotten quieter, but louder, i would say. [laughter] you can definitely hear the loudness has a different kind of character to it. i don't know if wunder has a sound but this would be a. >> hushed awe. >> that is wonderful. i can see just one little red. >> little red spots almost. i noticed those too. >> wow! that is just so cool. >> i like the 360 sunset. it is a little hard to see behind us. [laughter] >> we have at least one or two drones. >> our robot overlords.

>> of course. [laughter] people are starting to get involved in the eclipse. one of the ways is with citizen science. can you talk about those opportunities? >> sure. we have citizen science programs were people can use their cell phones to take pictures during the eclipse. >> we are coming out of totality. >> and here we go. there it is. it is peeking out. [applause] [cheering] >> everybody is cheering. we have just made it to the end of totality. >> look at the ground, how much brighter it has gotten. >> it is already so much brighter. that is so wild. that was one of the most amazing, but fastest three minutes of my life. [laughter] i wish i could do it all again.

alright, well, that was incredible. [cheering] thank you so much to the city of holton and thank you so much, dr. smith, for hanging out with us to experience this wonderful event. >> it was my pleasure and congratulations to the city for doing such an amazing job. it was amazing, well orchestrated. >> above and beyond and a special thank you to dave bowman, who has been giving us these incredible images from the telescope feed. we are going to enjoy as the rest of the eclipse ends here going back in the direction it came and we will send it back over to you, megan. >> alrighty. thanks. what do you think? we literally have just watched the eclipse travel about 3600 miles. it made it up to maine in like

88 minutes? >> that's right>> is traveling. >> did you have a favorite location? >> between russellville and dallas getting to hear some of my colleagues was amazing. >> i don't know, i have to be a little bit by list. to see it with your realize. that was amazing. it is cool to think about how millions of us have this shared moment of what could be a once-in-a-lifetime event. we have time for some more questions from our viewers. we have another great question from mckenzie in the third grade. >> hi.

my name is mckenzie. i'm in third grade. what is the difference between a lunar eclipse and a solar eclipse? >> thank you for that question. let's talk about the difference between the eclipse is. the solar eclipse we had today is when the moon crosses between the earth and the sun. but we also get lunar eclipses and a lunar eclipse is when the earth crosses between the moon and the sun. today we have the moon shadow projecting on the earth. during a lunar eclipse, the shadow projects onto the moon. >> we just got those incredible views from space. i've got another question for you from eli on reddit who wants to know, there are quite a few solar eclipses in the world every few years, so why is this one scientifically interesting? >> yes, we do get solar and lunar eclipses maybe two to

three times a year, however the total eclipse that happened today, total eclipses are everyone .5 years and that is a rare opportunity for us to look at the corona, study the corona. >> and during a solar maximum. >> we were talking about the solar activity we were seeing, there is a bunch going on today for this eclipse. >> we have got another incredible view. these are live views from space, which is mind blowing in general. now we also see the moon shadow. that's just amazing. you think about how many people across north america witnessed this one moment. >> it's a good reminder that humanity has been experiencing these -- experiencing these eclipses for centuries.

there are different meanings in different cultures. let's learn more about indigenous easter in -- astronomy. >> welcome back to dallas, texas. i'm talking to an indigenous astronomer and member of the navajo nation. thank you for joining us. when people think about science, they might think of western science. how does that relate to indigenous science? what is it mean to the navajo people? >> i think the knowledge on the eclipse goes way back from time immemorial i'm told by my elders. they knew that when you look at the sun directly, you can damage your eyes permanently. they knew about the danger of looking at the eclipse with the naked eye.

people were encouraged to go inside to make sure people weren't looking up. it goes all the way back. as far as eclipses, it is a time of renewal. the sun alignment and also the earth alignment. the whole cosmic cycle goes through a regeneration process. it revitalizes the process. it goes on for many years over and over. it's a cycle. as far as science goes, there are different definitions of science. >> thank you, david. thank you. it's been an honor chatting with you.

thank you to everyone for joining us. this has been an experience of a lifetime and one i definitely won't forget. let's head back to kerrville, texas. >> thanks, joy. we are joined by the director of nasa's space weather program to tell us about cool science. >> how are you? >> good. tell us why nasa launched rockets before, during, and after the eclipse today. >> we are capitalizing on this unique situation. it happens so quickly that we can make these measurements one after the next, we can do it quick back to back. >> how high did the rockets actually go and what is special about this area of the atmosphere? >> we just launched the second

of the three a few moments ago. these particular rockets are getting about 250 miles above the surface, right where the international space station flies. everything is safe. >> wow. can you walk us through this? >> from virginia on the virginia space coast, these rockets have multiple stages to them. you are seeing one stage burn and then the next stage will light. all the way up to that 250 mile mark above the surface and makes its measure in the upper atmosphere. >> that was incredible. >> what is that area of the atmosphere and why do we care about it? >> it is called the ionosphere. this is really from eight -- a perspective of helio physics. we care about it because the interaction can change the way our gps signals were and are communication signals work. the sun can cause the atmosphere

to change to impact the way satellites orbit the earth as well. >> perfect, great. we have been doing this fun poll between sun, moon, and earth. what team are you repping today? [laughter] >> my bosses would make sure i go for team sun today for sure. >> man, ok. take you so much again. folks, it is time to say goodbye to our friend who has made sure we know where and when to look up all day. james, thank you. >> yes, thanks so much. it has been fantastic tracking this eclipse all afternoon with you. if you are still in the path of totality, you might be in a boat off the canadian coast taking this in, i hope you enjoy that view. we started all the way down here in mazatlan mexico.

now we are breezing past into canada. you can, see this highlighted area anywhere there, is still experiencing a partial eclipse. have your eclipse glasses at the ready to take in that fleeting moment. we just took it in at kennedy space center. fantastic view. got a little chunk out of the sun for 50% coverage. still fantastic to see. we have lucked out in general with the weather all of today. that was the biggest concern i had. beautiful views. really been a lot of fun tracking this. a fake thanks to our scientific visualization studio for putting this together. back to you. >> here with us now is nasa's chief scientist.

welcome. >> hi, nice to be here. >> i know we had the pleasure of sharing the stage together, now with today's solar eclipse, what would you say is the number one take away from today's event? >> i would say the number one take away is that our universe is beautiful and understandable. we got to experience this together today. we could predict when it would happen and we did a lot of science today. >> that's great. speaking of the science that was conducted, how does that fall into the greater science we are doing with nasa in the future? >> it complements the science we do all the time. the moon blocked out the sun so we could see part of the sons atmosphere. we also have the parker solar probe orbiting closer and closer. we are looking a lot about how the eclipse affected the earth.

we have a mission launched two months ago that will tell us more about oceans and atmosphere. and we develop instruments called a corona glass, we can make an instrument that blocks it out so we have an upcoming mission that will block out the light of other stars so we can see what is around them. >> so much going on with the sun and nasa honestly. >> we have the helio physics big year. can you tell us how we can get involved with this and celebrate our stars? >> this total solar eclipse is one event this year. we have a lot of activities where you can engage in our science and learn more about it. you can find us on social media @nasasun.

>> thank you for being with us. this has been an honor. my goodness. do you have any final thoughts? >> this was amazing. the energy here was so great. >> the total was a whole other level. >> thank you for having me. >> absolutely. a big thank you to the city of kerrville, texas, the parks and wrecked team, and all the people that made today's incredible event possible. i want to thank our telescope operator for those great views of totality here in kerrville. folks, that is a wrap from kerrville, texas. back to you in cleveland. >> thank you. now, check out who we have here at the host desk. the passtoraunt himself, josh

dobbs. you just signed with the 49ers. >> i feel good. i spent a few years in cleveland. it is cool to be back. looking forward to the future in san francisco. i know nasa is doing great work on the west coast so we will stay tuned with that as well. >> your nickname comes from some incredible place you had last year and you have a background here with us at nasa with some externships, but also you are an aerospace engineer. how did it feel being back here specifically in cleveland to watch the solar eclipse? >> it is all really good. when this event was put on my radar a year ago in last off-season it will be a once-in-a-lifetime invent. i marked it on my calendar a year ago. to make it back here and take it in and hang out with the city i spent two years and is great. the biggest thing i have enjoyed

is seeing the interest from the city of cleveland and how many people traveled to take in this event today. and also learning about the future of nasa and the future of space exploration at the same time as a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity and it has been an honor to be here. >> nasa is committed to inspiring the next generation through discovery. do you think we created a funeral scientists and engineers today? >> i think so. there is a wealth of youth around here. also the great lakes science center inside. and just seeing the history of the space program gives them perspective. i think the youth obviously is the next generation. they will have -- if you have interest in stem and sports, you don't have to split your eggs. you can work hard to achieve

those goals and dreams. >> the most important question we are going to ask you, who was the star today, the sun,, the moon, or the earth? say the right thing, josh. >> drumroll. the star today was the moon. [laughter] i've got to go with it. i've got to go with it. >> i agree. i do. well, i appreciate your honesty. and i really appreciate you being here. thank you for being here, josh. >> thank you for having me. >> we talk about this controversial, but from the competition. we asked you to vote. we have the results of the poll right now. let's bring it up. wow! congrats, sarah. [applause] >> thank you you, thank you. >> team moon, 48%. congrats, team moon. thank you to everyone who participated.

we were the real winners of today, those who got a show. we will send it back over to indianapolis for another important interview. >> thanks, megan. it has been an incredible day and it is not over yet. with me, i have the chief exploration scientist for nasa. welcome. >> i could not be happier to be here. >> how was that eclipse for you really quickly? >> it was amazing. it was warm again. >> today has been all about the eclipse. i want to pivot a little bit. you are getting astronauts ready to go back to the moon for the first time in 50 years. how is how the sunlight shines on the moon very crucial to what we are trying to do? >> just like this eclipse, it is a celestial dance between the sun, the earth, and the moon. we will have instances of the eclipses on the moon where the earth will eclipse the sun. it is something to think about.

we are interested in the lighting in the south pole. artemis three will land astronauts at the south pole. because the moon has almost no axial tilt, the sun is always right along the horizon. high peaks have sunlight more than normal amounts of time. we think there might actually be water trapped there. >> one thing we have talked about one of the broadcast's space weather. space weather is important to understand when it comes to the safety of our astronauts. can you describe how irsa and hermes are keeping our astronauts safe? >> those will be payloads on the gateway, a research station that orbits the moon, and astronauts can stop on their way to the surface of the moon. these payloads or science instruments will be there to basically detect what the solar weather is like, what we call space weather.

so the radiation that our astronauts will live in when they are actually there. understanding your weather is the best way to prepare for it. >> absolutely. you have given us a lot to be excited about. thank you for being here on this incredible day. >> i would not have missed it. >> that is all we have from indianapolis. thank you for joining us. it has been a wild ride, pun absolutely intended, and we have had an amazing time. for all of us here, back to you. >> i did enjoy your pun. we are joined by the director of the glenn research center. thank you for joining us and hosting us. >> absolutely. >> glenn research center is right here in houston down the road. literally everything aligned for us to get a great show here. >> absolutely and it has been such a great show here. you could not have asked for better weather and it was a great time and the widow asked

-- a great time in the midwest. we are here with our partners at great lakes science center just a great opportunity to have everybody connecting with what we do. >> you invited the community and all these visitors in, why was that important to you? >> it is important. having a total solar eclipse passover your community is for most people a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity. for a total solar eclipse to passover a nasa community like cleveland, it creates a great opportunity to connect people with what we do. everybody is here paying attention to our planet and the moon and the sun and our solar system and our universe. that gives us a great opportunity to say, this is what we do.

you can't pass that kind of an opportunity gap. >> the science, all this discovery we are enabling today by the eclipse. let's talk more about the science. i know nothing slides without glenn. can you explain the center's critical role within nasa? >> week work -- we work on aircraft propulsion, spacecraft propulsion, power and communications. we also work on materials and testing and extreme environments. our core competencies or power, propulsion, communications. no aircraft or spacecraft flies without those three things and they never will. nasa glenn is part of virtually every nasa mission. >> thank you so much, i really appreciate you being here and hosting us. this was a wonderful event. so many joined us here and really enjoyed us. lots of smiles.

thank you so much. >> thank you for being here and being a part of this with us. >> thanks and have a great day. a big thank you to our whole team across the path. from our correspondence to our experts and our telescope operators, we couldn't have done it without all of you. sarah, as we are taking again this aerial shot of the great lakes science center, so beautiful, such a wonderful way to experience my first total solar eclipse and i hope you had a good time. >> this is my second, but it was really great to experience it with you and all the folks here. >> we did notice that there are a lot of fun events happening in cleveland. a lot of people in downtown. i hope they took some time to look up and enjoy what they saw. >> we also did some really cool science today. >> really cool science.

let's talk about that. nasa's helio physics big year is not over yet. we had the annular eclipse, then the solar eclipse. talk to us about december. >> coming up on christmas eve, the solar probe will make its closest approach to the sun. >> yes, i can't believe that is happening. we have been saying this all day. everything is aligning for us. again, thank you so much. we watched this together race across from mexico to maine in one hour and 28 minutes. we have so much more to look forward to. we hope you will stay with us as we continue studying our sun and how it affects us. from all of a sudden nasa where we make air and space available to everyone, thank you for watching and enjoy the rest of your day. [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2024] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org]