Bo HMH A/uiaxa Mn;iocTHBoro h Mn/iocepflHoro!
KPATKOE HMIOCTPHPOBAHHOE
PYKOBOflCTBO /yiH IIOHHMAHM HCJIAMA
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PyccKHH nepeBOfl KHHrn:
«A Brief Illustrated Guide to Understanding Islam»,
ABTop: I. A. Ibrahim, H3,n,aHHe BTopoe
IlepeBOfl BbinojmeH:
Accon,Han,HeH KyjibrypHO-npocBeTirrejibCKHx
o6m,ecTBeHHbix oS^efliiHeHiiii «COBPAHHE»
TjiaRHbie pe^aKTopbi
aHrjIHHCKOH eepcHH
/Joktop yjibHM (/Jaya,) IIhmh
MaHKe/i (AS^yjib-XaKHM) ToMac
Tohh (ASy-XajiHJib) CHJibBecrep
HflpHC IlajiMep
/],>KaMajib 3apa6o30
Ann At-Thmhmh
Haymwe pe^aKTopbi
aHrjIHHCKOH BepcHii
Ilpocpeccop Xapojibfl CnoapT KyocpH
Ilpocpeccop O.A. CTeHT
Ilpocpeccop Max^acyS O. Taxa
Ilpoepeccop AxMap, AjiaM
Ilpocpeccop Ca/ibMaH Cy/iTaH
/JoijeHTX.O. CHHflH
Accoi[Hai;Hfl KyjihTypHO-npocBeTHTejibCKHX o6m,ecTBeHHbix
o6T>e/iHHeHHH «COBPAHHE», MocKBa
JIjnOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOflCTBO JXJIR nOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
ABTopcKne npasa
ABTopcKHe npaBa npHHaiyieiKaT (Copyright) © 2006 I. A. Abu-Harb.
3anpemaeTCH nofl /hoSmm npezyioroM no/moe hjih
MacTHMHoe BocnpoH3BefleHHe stoh KHHra nyTeM nepene^aTKH,
KCepOKOnHpOBaHHH, MHKpOCpH/IbMHpOBaHHfl H/IH THoSblM flpyTHM
cnoco6oM 6e3 nncbivieHHoro pa3penieHHH H3flaTe/ibCTBa, Kpoivie
HH5«eyKa3aHHbix c/iy^aeB:
IIepeH3AaHHe
BocnpoH3BefleHHe hjih nepeH3AaHHe stoh KHHrH pa3pemaeTCJi
coBepineHHO Secn/iaTHO, b c/iy^ae no/iHoro OTcyTCTBHH KaKHX jih6o
H3MeHeHHH, Ao6aB7ieHHH hjih nponycKOB. /Jjih y/iyMineHHfl Ka^ecTBa
nepeH3zi,aHHH CBJDKHTecb c aBTopoM, qTo6bi nojiy^HTb Secn/iarao
KonHH cpan/ioB fl/iH neqaTH 3TOH KHHrH.
#
3jieKTpoHHi>iii a/jpec 3toh KHHrH b HHTepHeTe
Ilo/iHyio BepcHio KHHrn, a TaioKe ii,onojiHHTejibHyio HHCpopMainno 06
HcjiaMe bh MOJKeTe HaiiTH Ha HHTepHeT-caHre:
www.islam-guide.com/ru
IlepBaH BepcHH - H3AaHHe nepBoe
ISBN: 9960-52-471-x
H3p,aTejib: AccouHauHJi Ky/ibTypHO-npocBeTHTe/ibCKHXoSmecTBeHHbix
oS'beii.HHeHHH «COBPAHHE», MocKBa, Pocchh.
KPATKOE II
rPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO JXJIR IIOHHMAHKM HCJIAMA
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CoAepncaHHe
npe^ncjiOBHe
3
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HeKOTopwe ,a,OKa3aTejibCTBa hcthhhocth ncjiaivia .. 7
(1) Haymbie nyzjeca b CBHHjeHHOM Kopatie 7
A) KopaH 06 3M6pHOHajibHOMpa3BHTHHHejiOBeKa 8
B) KopaH o ropax 15
B) KopaH o npoHCxo^KfleHHH BcejieHHOH 18
T) KopaH o CTpoeHHH rojiOBHoro M03ra 21
JX) KopaH OMopflXHpeicax 23
E) KopaH o rjiySoKOBOflHbix Mopnx h BHyTpeHHHx
BOJiHax 26
}K) KopaH 06 o6jiaKax 29
3) KoMMeHTapHH yneHbix OTHOCHTejibHO
HeKOTopbix HayHHbix nyzjec b CBnnjeHHOM
KopaHe 36
(2) BeJIHKHH BBI30B, HT06bI C03flaTb XOTH 6bl OflHy
rjiaBy, noflo6Hyio rjiaBaM CBiinjeHHoro KopaHa. 43
(3) BH6jieHCKHe npoponecTBa o npHniecTBHH
MyxaMMa^a M , IIpopoKa HCJiaMa 44
(4) Ahth KopaHa, b kotophx 6hjih npe,zi;cKa3aHH
co6biTHH, flecTBHTejibHO npoHSOinefliiiHe no35Ke 49
(5) Hyzjeca IIpopoKa MyxaMMa^a St 50
(6) npocrafl >KH3Hb MyxaMa,fl;a It 51
(7) OeHOMeHajibHbiH pocT HCJiaMa 55
1 Tjiasa 2 ^^^^^^^^^^^
HeKOTopBie npeHMymecrBa HCJiaMa 59
(1) BpaTa b BenHbiH paii 59
(2) CnaceHHe ot a^CKoro orroi 61
(3) HcTHHHoe cnacTbe h BHyrpeHHHH noKOH 62
(4) IIpomeHHe Bcex paHee coBepnieHHbix rpexoB .... 63
KPATKOE HjIJnOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOflCTBO ft/Ifl nOHMMAHIffl HCJIAMA
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OSmne CBe^eHHH 06 HCJiaMe 65
Hto TaKoe HCJiaM? 65
OcHOBbiBepbi 65
1) BepaB Bora 65
2) Bepa b aHrejiOB 69
3) Bepa b Bo^cecTBeHHbie nHcaHHH 69
4) BepaB Ecokbhx npopoKOB h nocjiaHHHKOB 69
5) BepaBCy^HbiH^eHb 70
6) Bepa b Bo^KecTBeHHoe npe^onpeflejieHHe 70
CynjecTByiOT jih ppynie hctohhhkh pejiHrH03Horo
3HaHHH, KpoMe KopaHa? 71
HercoTopbie H3peHeHHH IIpopoKa MyxaMMa^a St 71
Hto roBopHT HCJiaM o CyflHOM ^He? 73
KaKCTaTbMycyjibMaHHHOM? 76
O HeM roBopHTCH b KopaHe? 77
Kto TaKOH IIpopoK MyxaMMafl M ? 78
KaK pacnpocTpaHeHHe HCJiaMa noBJiHHJio Ha
pa3BHTHe HayKH? 80
KaK MycyjibMaHe othochtch k Hncycy? 81
Hto HCJiaM roBopHT OTeppopH3Me? 85
IIpaBa nejiOBeKa h cnpaBeflJiHBOCTb b HCJiaMe 87
CTaTyc 5KeHHi;HHbi b HCJiaMe 89
CeMbH b HCJiaMe 91
KaK MycyjibMaHe 3a6oTHTCH o no^cnjibix? 91
IliiTb CTOJinoB HCJiaMa 92
1) CBH,a;eTejibCTBO Bepbi 92
2) McuiHTBa 93
3) 3aKaT (no^cepTBOBaHHH .zyin HyacflaioiqHxcii).. 93
4) IIoct bo BpeMH Mecima PaMa^aH 94
5) IlajiOMHHHecTBO b Meiacy 95
^onojiHHTejibHbie CBe^eHHH 06 HCJiaMe 97
IIpeflJio^ceHHiiH3aMeHaHHii 97
JlHTepaTypa 98
KPATKOE II
rPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO JXJIR IIOHHMAHKM HCJIAMA
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IIpeAHCJioBiie
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JXannax KHHra npe^CTaBJiiieT co6oh KpaTKoe
pyKOBOflCTBO no HCJiaMy. OHa coctoht H3 Tpex rjiaB.
IIepBa.H rjiaBa (HeKOTopbie ^OKasaTejibCTBa
HCTHHHOCTH HCJiaMa) OTBCHaeT Ha pHfl Ba^CHblX BonpocoB:
■ ilBJineTCH jih KopaH hcthhhbim cjiobom Bora, KOTopoe
Oh OTKpbiJi HaM?
■ RBJixeTCx jih MyxaMMa,o; H 1 hcthhhbim npopoKOM,
nocjiaHHbiM BoroM?
■ HBJIHeTCH JIH HCJiaM hcthhhoh
pejiHrneH, .zjaHHOH BoroM?
B 3toh rjiaBe
paccMaTpHBaiOTCii niecTb
pa3JIHHHbIX flOKa3aTeJIbCTB
HCTHHHOCTH HCJiaMa:
1) Hay*mi>ie iy,a;eca b
CBflii^eimoM KopaHe.
B stom pa3flejie npn
nOMOHI,H HJIJHOCTpau;HH
paccKa3biBaeTCH o
HeKOTOpblX He^aBHO
o6HapyHceHHbix HaynHbix
(J)aKTax, KOTopbie 6buiH
ynoMHHyTbi b CBinnemiOM
KopaHe HeTbipHaflu;aTb ctojicthh TOMy Ha3a,ZL
(1) 9th apaScKHe c/iOBa
h npHBeTCTByeT».
03HaHaiOT: «^a 6jiarocjiOBHT ero Bor
KPATKOE HjIJTfOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOflCTBO JlflR nOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
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2)BejIHKHH BM30B, 1To6bI CO3,0;aTI> XOTfl 6bl O/JHy
rjiasy, noAoSHyio rjiaBaM CBHiueHHoro KopaHa.
C MOMeHTa HHcnocjiaHHH KopaHa neTbipHa^HaTb bckob
TOMy Ha3afl h ro HacTOHHjero BpeMeHH hhkto He CMor
C03flaTb HHnero no,fl;o6Horo, ^a^ce HecMOTpn Ha to, hto
caMan KopoTKan rjiaBa KopaHa (cypa 108) coctoht
BCerO H3 fleCHTH CJIOB.
3)En6jieiicKne npopoiecTBa o npninecTBHH
MyxaMMa^a M, IIpopoKa ncjiaivia. B stom pa3flejie
o6cyacflaiOTCii HeKOTopbie 6H6jieHCKHe npoponecTBa o
npHniecTBHH npopona MyxaMMa^a #g.
4) AHTbl KopaHa, BKOTOpblXTOBOpHTCHO Co6bITHHX,
^eiicTBHTejibHO npoH3onie/i;mHx no35Ke. B KopaHe
rOBOpHTCH O C06bITHHX, KOTOpbie .ZjeHCTBHTeJIbHO
npoH3onuiH BnocjieflCTBHH, HanpHMep, o uo6ep,e
Phmjihh Hafl nepcaMH.
5) Hyzjeca IIpopoKa MyxaMMaAa M- IIpopoK MyxaMMaa
M coBepniHJi mhtokcctbo nyzjec, CBH^eTejiiiMH KOTopbix
SblJIH MHOrHe JIBDflH.
6)IIpocTaH aai3Hb MyxaMMa/ja M- Ero >KH3Hb co Bceti
OHeBH^HOCTbio npo,o;eMOHCTpHpoBajia, hto MyxaMMa^
#g6bIJIHCTHHHbIM npopOKOM,KOTOpbIHHe HCnOJIb30BaJI
CBoe nojio^ceHHe rjix o6peTeHHH MaTepnajibHbix 6jiar,
BeJIHHHH HJIH BJiaCTH Hafl JIIOflbMH.
H3 3THX nieCTH flOKa3aTeJIbCTB MO)KHO 3aKJIK)HHTb, hto:
■ KopaH .zjecTBHTejibHO npe^CTaBJiiieT co6oh hcthhhoc
cjiobo Bora, KOTopoe Oh OTicpbiJi HaM.
■ MyxaMMa,o; M- HCTHHHbiti npopoK, nocjiaHHbiH Botom.
■ HCJiaM - HCTHHHaH peJIHTHH, R2LHH2LH. BOTOM.
ECJIH Mbl CTpeMHMCfl y3HaTb, HCTHHHa HJIH JIO)KHa Ta
HJIH HHail peJIHTHH, Mbl He flOJDKHbl pyKOBOflCTBOBaTbCH
3M0HHHMH, HyBCTBaMH HJIH 06bIHaHMH. HanpOTHB, Mbl
KPATKOE II
rPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO JXJIR IIOHHMAHKM HCJIAMA
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flOJi^cHbi onHpaTbCH Ha 3flpaBbiH cmbicji h pa3yM. Koiyja Bor
HHcnocbuiaji npopoKOB, Oh noflflep^cHBaji hx c noMonjbio
nyzjec h flOKa3aTejibCTB, KOTopbie 6biJiH CBH^eTejibCTBaMH
TOrO, HTO OHH 6bIJIH HCTHHHblMH npopOKaMH, nOCJiaHHblMH
EoroM, a noTOMy h pejiHrHH, KOTopyro ohh hccjih jibd^hm,
TaioKe 6bma hcthhhoh.
Bo btopoh rjiaBe (HeKOTopbie BbiroAM HCJiaMa)
nepenHCJieH pim npeHMymecTB, KOTopbie HCJiaM .zjaeT
BepyEOiqHM, HanpHMep:
1) BpaTa b BdHbiii pan
2) Cnacemie ot a/jcicoro oma
3) HcraHHoe ciacTbe h BHyTpemniH iiokoh
4) IIpoHjeHHe Bcex nponuibix rpexoB.
B TpeTbefi rjiaBe (06ni;ne CBe^eHHH 06 HCJiaMe)
coflep^cHTCH o6m;aii HHCJDopMaHHH 06 HcnaMe, a TaioKe
npHBOflHTCH OTBeTbi Ha pim nacre 3a,z]iaBaeMbix BonpocoB,
HanpHMep:
■ Hto roBopHT HCJiaM o TeppopH3Me?
■ KaKOB CTaTyc ^ceHiqHHbi b HCJiaMe?
JIjnOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOflCTBO JXJIR nOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
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KPATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO HJIK IIOHHMAHEm HCJIAMA
#
Tjiasa l
HeKOTopbie ^OKa3aTejibCTBa
HCTHHHOCTH IICJiaiYia
#
BorHHcnocjiajiBnoMOiqbCBoeMynocjieflHeMynpopoKy
MyxaMMa^y M MHoro pa3Hbix nyzjec h ^OKasaTejibCTB Toro,
HTO OH eCTb HCTHHHblH IIpopOK, nOCJiaHHblH ToCnOflOM.
A b CBiinjeHHOM KopaHe Oh HHcnocjiaji mhtokcctbo
aHTOB, .ZJOKaSblBaiOHJHX, HTO KopaH - 3T0, BOHCTHHy, CJIOBO
Bo^cbe, h He 6bui HanHcaH nejiOBeKOM. B 3toh rjiaBe
paccMaTpHBaroTCH HeKOTopbie H3 3thx flOKa3aTejibCTB.
(l) HayHHbie ny^eca b CBHin;eHHOM
KopaHe
KopaH - 3to cjiobo Bora, KOTopoe Oh nepe3 aHrejia
,ZJ)kh6phjih (ApxaHrejia TaBpHmia) HHcnocjiaji CBoeMy
IIpopoKy MyxaMMa^y M- MyxaMMa^ % 3anoMHHaji sth
OTKpoBeHHH h nepe,a;aBaji hx
CBOHM CnOflBH^CHHKaM. OHH, B
cbobd onepeflb, 3anoMHHajiH hx
h 3anHCbiBajiH, nocjie nero 3th
3anHCH CBepHJIHCb c IIpopoKOM
MyxaMMaflOM #g. Bojiee Toro,
IIpopoK MyxaMMa,a; #g BMecTe
c aHrejiOM .ZJjkhSphjicm
(ApxaHrejiOM TaBpHmiOM)
CBepHJI OTKpOBeHHH OKerOflHO
H flBa^Kflbl - B nOCJieflHHH TOfl CBjnneHHbffl KopaH
^ch3hh IIpopoKa. C Toro BpeMeHH, Koiyja KopaH 6bui
HHcnocjiaH MyxaMMa^y M, h BnjiOTb ^o HacTOiiHjero
I
!r w ^
p d fl
fa H P3
g 2 td
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOTJCTBO JXJIA IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
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#
2 2
f-H
BpeMeHH Bceiyja 6bijio onpe^ejieHHoe hhcjio MycynbMaH,
KOTopbie 3HajiH Becb KopaH HaH3ycTb. HeKOTopbie H3 hhx
b flecHTb jieT MorjiH 3anoMHHTb Becb KopaH HaH3ycTb. C
Hanajia HHcnocjiaHHH h ^o HaniHx flHefi b KopaHe He 6bDio
H3MeHeH0 HH OflHOH 6yKBbI.
B KopaHe, kotopmh 6bui HBJieH MHpy neTbipHa^HaTb
CTOJieTHH Ha3afl, ynoMHHaiOTCii TaKHe (jparcrbi, KOTopbie
nojiyHHJiH HayHHoe noflTBep^cfleHHe jihhib He^aBHO.
9to, 6e3 coMHeHHH, flOKa3biBaeT, hto KopaH xBjmeTCx
HCTHHHbIM CJIOBOM EO)KbHM, KOTOpOe Oh HHCnOCJiaJI
CBoeMy IIpopoKy MyxaMMa^y M, h hto KopaH He Mor 6biTb
HanHcaH hh caMHM MyxaMMa^OM M, hh jiio6biM flpyrHM
Sll nejiOBercoM. 3to TaiQKe flOKa3biBaeT, hto MyxaMMa^ it
rt E-" SJ
fleHCTBHTeJIbHO HBJIHeTCH IIpopOKOM, nOCJiaHHbIM CaMHM
BoroM, h6o HeT .opyroro pa3yMHoro o6 , bHCHeHHfl TOMy,
g, HTO HeTbipHaflIi;aTb CTOJieTHH H.2L32LR OH 3HaJI O TOM, HTO
6bIJIO OTKpblTO HJIH nOflTBep^CfleHO JIHHIb COBCeM He^aBHO
s 6jiaroflapH caMOMy coBpeMeHHOMy o6opyo;oBaHHio h
cjio^chbim HayHHbiM MeTo^aM. ^ajiee mm paccMOTpHM
HecKOJibKO npHMepoB.
A) KopaH 06 3M6pHOHaJII>HOM pa3BHTHH
MejioeeKa:
B CBHiqeHHOM KopaHe Bor TaK o6 , bHCHHeT CTa^HH
3M6pHOHajibHoro pa3BHTHH nejiOBeica:
^Mbi coTBopujiH qenoBeKa
H3 IVIHHHHOH CyTH. 3aTeM Mbl
npeBpaTHjiH ero b Karuiio h noMecrajiH
b HaAJieMcamee inecTO, npo*mo
yKopeHHB. 3aTeM Mm npeBpaTmra
Karaiio b cuiok (nHHBKa, noABeiueHHan
Bem;b h KpoBHHOH crycTOK), nocjie
_:
PATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOACTBO ftM IIOHHMAHHfl HC.
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g 2 td
*iero Mm npeBpaTHjiH oaok e Atydza
(nepe^esaHHaH Macca)... 1 ^ (KopaH, 23:12-14)
Apa6cKoe cjiobo "ajiaK" HMeeT TpH 6yKBajibHbrx
3HaHeHHH: (1) nHHBica, (2) noflBenieHHaii Benjb h (3)
KpOBHHOH CiyCTOK.
CpaBHHBaH nHHBKy C 3M6pHOHOM Ha CTaflHH CUICLK, Mbl
MO^CeM 3aMeTHTb MQ.yKJ\y HHMH CXOflCTBO 2 , KaK 3T0 BHflHO
Ha phc. 1. KpoMe Toro, Ha stoh CTa^HH smSphoh nojiynaeT
nHTaHHe H3 kpobh MaTepH noflo6HO TOMy, KaK nroiBKa
nHTaeTCH KpoBbio flpyrHx. 3 |
BTopoe 3HaneHHe cnoBa "ajiaK" - "noflBenieHHan
Benib". Ha pnc. 2 h 3 mm Mo^ceM BH^eTb, KaK Ha CTa^HH
cuiclk smSphoh cjiobho 6bi noflBenieH b yrpo6e MaTepH.
TpeTbe 3HaneHHe cjiOBa oaok - "kpobhhoh
CiyCTOK". ilCHO BHflHO, HTO BHeHIHHH BHfl 3M6pHOHa H
3M6pHOHaJIbHbIX 060JI0HeK Ha CTaflHH CUICLK HanOMHHaeT
KpOBHHOH CiyCTOK H3-3a TOrO, HTO Ha 3T0H CTaflHH
^ 3M6pHOH COflep^CHT OTHOCHTeJIbHO 60JIbHI0e KOJIHHeCTBO
KpOBH 4 (CM. pHC. 4). KpOMe TOTO, Ha 3T0H CTaflHH BnJIOTb
J\0 TpeTbeH He^eJIH pa3BHTHfl KpOBb BHyrpH 3M6pHOHa He
u;HpKyjiHpyeT.5 TaKHM o6pa30M, Ha stoh CTa^HH sm6phoh
^ecTBHTejibHO HanOMHHaeT crycTOK kpobh.
(1) rio>KajiyHCTa, y^THTe, hto Bee HHTaTbi, saKjno^eHHbie b
cneu,HajibHbie ckoSkh i...% hbjihk>tch Jiuuib nepeBOAOM
CMbicjia KopaHa. Ohh He hbjihk>tch nacTbio caiworo KopaHa,
KOTopbift 6hji HHcnocjiaH Ha apa6cKOM *i3biKe.
(2) The Developing Human ["Pa3BHBaK)iriHCH nejiOBeK"], Myp
(Moore) h Ilepco (Persaud), 5-e H3,n,aHHe, cTp. 8.
(3) Human Development as Described in the Quran and Sunnah
["Pa3BHTHe MejiOBexa b TpaKTOBKe KopaHa h CyHHbi"], Myp
h flpyrne (Moore and others), CTp . 36.
(4) Human Development as Described in the Quran and Sunnah
["Pa3BHTHe ^ejiOBeKa b TpaKTOBKe KopaHa h CyHHbi"], Myp h
Apyrne (Moore and others), CTp . 37-38.
(5) The Developing Human ["Pa3BHBaK>mHCH nejiOBeK"], Myp
(Moore) n Ilepco (Persaud), 5-e H3AaHne, CTp. 65.
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOTJCTBO fl/M IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
I
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Hejicme^iecKiiH 3m6phoh
nepe/jHHH
M03r
Cep/me
riiMBKa
Amhhoh b nonepe^HOM pa3pe3e
Phc. l: Ha pncyHKe momcho VBHfleTB BHeraHee cxo^ctbo hhhbkh
h HejioBenecKoro 3M6pHOHa Ha CTaflHH anau . (PncyHOK dhhbkh
B3aT H3 KHHrn Human Development as Described in the Quran
and Sunnah, ["Pa3Birrae ne;ioBeKa b TpaKTOBKe KopaHa h Cjuhbi"],
Myp h ppyrue (Moore and others), CTp. 37, h npeflCTaBJiaeT coSoii
MOflH(pHii,HpoBaHHbiH BapHaHT pHcyHKa H3 KHHrn Integrated
Principles of Zoology ["HirrerpHpoBaHHbie npHHHHnbi 30ojiorHH"],
XHKMaH h flpjTHe (Hickman and others). PncyHOK qejioBenecKoro
3M6pnoHa B3HT H3 KHHrn The Developing Human ["Pa3BHBaioinHC}i
HejioBeic"], Myp (Moore) h Ilepco (Persaud), 5-e H3flaHHe, CTp. 73.)
^iTOTpo<po6jiacT
TpeTimHaH
BOpCHHKa
ejKBopcHHqaToe
npocTpaHCTBO
MaTepuHCKan
TCpOBb
MaTepHHCKaa
^raKyHa
Phc. 2 : Ha stom pncyHKe mm MoaceM BH^eTb, hto Ha CTa^HH ajiax bmSphoh
Haxo^HTCfl b yrpo6e MaTepn (b MaTKe) b no/jBenieHHOM coctohhhh. ( The
Developing Human ["Pa3BHBaroinHCH lejioBeK"], Myp (Moore) h nepco
(Persaud), 5-e H3flaHHe, CTp. 66.)
-
PATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOACTBO JXJIA IIOHHMAHHfl HC.
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PHC. 3: Ha 3TOH MHKpO(J)OTOrpa(J)HH
MM MOaCeM BH/jeTB, KaK Ha CTaflHH
aAax 3m6phoh b B03pacTe 15 flHeM
(oTMe^eH SyKBoS B) nopemeH b
yTpoSe MaTepn. HcTHHHbiM pa3Mep
BTOrO 9M6pHOHa - OKOJIO 0,6 MM.
(PncyHOK B3HT H3 KHHrH The
Developing Human ["Pa3BHBaK>mHCfl
qenoBeK"], Myp (Moore), 3-e H3p,amie,
CTp. 66, H BOCnpOH3BOflHT pHCyHOK
H3 KHHrn Histology ['THCTOJiorHJi"],
JIhcoh h JIhcoh (Leeson and Leeson))
TaKHM o6pa30M, Bee TpH 3HaHeHHH cjiOBa "anax" tohho
COOTBeTCTByiOT CBOHCTBaM 3M6pHOHa Ha CTaflHH CUICLK.
CjieflyioiqaH CTa^HH, ynoMHHaeMaH b CTHxe, - CTa^HH
"Mydsa" . Apa6cKoe cjiobo Mydza 03HaHaeT "hchto,
noxo^cee Ha pa3^ceBaHHyio Maccy". Ecjih ^ceBaTejibHyio
pe3HHKy B3HTB b poT h ncoiceBaTb, a 3aTeM CpaBHHTb
ee BHeniHHH bh#; c smSphohom Ha CTa^HH Mydea,
mbi MO^ceM npHHTH k BbiBOfly, hto Ha CTa^HH Mydea
smSphoh CTaHOBHTCH noxo^cHM Ha pa3)KeBaHHyio
Maccy. 3to cxo^ctbo o6ycjiOBJieHO tcm, hto comhtbi,
pacnojio^ceHHbie b chhhhoh Haera 3M6pHOHa, "b KaKOH-
to Mepe HanoMHHaiOT OTnenaTKH 3y6oB Ha pa3^ceBaHHbix
npejxMeTax" 1 (cm. pnc. 5 h 6).
KaK Mor MyxaMMafl M 3HaTb Bee sto 1400 JieT
Ha3afl, ecjiH yneHbie cmotjih o6Hapy>KHTb sth (parcrbi
jiHnib He^aBHO h tojibko npH noMoniH ancDKHemnero
o6opyflOBaHHH H MOHIHblX MHKpOCKOnOB, KOTOpblX
npocTO He cymecTBOBajio b Te .zjajieKHe BpeMeHa? XaMM
h JleBeHiyK (Hamm and Leeuwenhoek) 6biJiH nepBbiMH
yneHbiMH, KOTopbiM c noMonibio ycoBepnieHCTBOBaHHoro
MHKpocKona yzjajiocb yBH^eTb HejiOBenecKHe
(1) The Developing Human ["Pa3BHBaK>iu,HCH nejiOBeK"], Myp
(Moore) h Ilepco (Persaud), 5-e H3AaHHe, CTp. 8.
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOTJCTBO JIflR IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
i
o
^
IlepeflHHe
cepfleHHbie
BeHbl \
MMcemeHTapHHe aprepnn
/JopcajibHan
aopTa AMHHOTHHecKas
HOJKKa \ „
\ llynoHHbie
upiepm
TpeTHHHafl BOpCHHKa
XopHOH
>KejiTOHHbie apTepHH
^ocyfliicToe cnjiereHHe Ha noBepxHocra
sejiToiHoro neuiKa
Phc. 4: H3o6pa>KeHHe hphmhthbhoh cep,a;e*fflo-cocy,z];HCTOH CHCTeMbi
3M6pHOHa Ha CTaflHH anax . BHeniHHH bh^ 3M6puoHa h 3M6pHOHajiBHbix
oSojioneK HanoMHHaeT KpOBJIHOH CiyCTOK, H3-3a npHCyTCTBHH B 9M6pHOHe
cpaBHHTe/ibHO SojiBinoro KOJimrecTBa KpoBH ( The Developing Human
["Pa3BHBaiomHCfl qenoBeK"], Myp (Moore), 5-e H3flaHHe, CTp. 65.)
cnepMaT030Hflbi b 1677 ro,zry ( cnycTH 6ojiee HeM 1000 JieT
nocne CMepTH MyxaMMa^a H). Ohh oiuh6ohho nocHHTajiH,
hto cnepMaT030Hfl 3aKni0HaeT b ce6e MHHHaTiopHyio
KonHio yace nojiHoerbio ccpopMHpoBaHHoro nejiOBeica,
(roMyHKyjiyc), KOTopbiH HanHHaeT yBejiHHHBaTbCii b
pa3Mepax, nonaB b aceHCKHe nojiOBbie opraHbi. 1
Bbi^aiomHHCH npocpeccop Keirr Jl. Myp (Keith L.
Moore), 2 KOTopbiH HBJiHercH o^hhm H3 caMbrx H3BecTHbix b
MHpe CneiTHaJIHCTOB B o6jiaCTH aHaTOMHH H 3M6pHOJIOrHH
HBJiHeTCH aBTopoM KHHrH The Developing Human
["Pa3BHBaK>m;HHC.H HejiOBeic"], KOTopan 6bma nepeBe^eHa
Ha BOceMb H3biK0B. 3Ta KHHra HBJineTCH ero aBTopcKHM
pecpepaTOM, h cneuHajibHbiH komhtbt CIIIA npH3Haji ee
jiynnieH khhtoh, HarmcaHHOH o^hhm aBTopoM. ^oktop
Kerrr Myp HBJiiieTCH noneTHbiM npocpeccopoM aHaTOMHH
h KneTOHHOH 6HOJiorHH yHHBepcHTeTa Topohto b KaHa^e.
(1) The Developing Human ["Pa3BHBaK)iiiHHCii nejiOBeK"], Myp
(Moore) h Ilepco (Persaud), 5-e H3,n,aHHe, CTp. 9.
(2) npHMenaHHe. CneiiHajiH3aiinH Bcex ynoMjmyrbix y^eHbix
npHBOAHTCii no AaHHbiM 1997 rona.
■
PATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOACTBO JXJIA IIOHHMAHHfl HC.
#
#
TaM oh flOJiroe BpeMH 3aHHMaji .zjojPKHOCTb 3aMecTHTejiH
fleKaHa Ha oiyjejieHHH 6a30Bbix HayK Me^HUHHCKoro
(J)aKyjibTeTa h b TeneHHe 8 JieT B03rjiaBJiHJi Ka(J)eflpy
aHaTOMHH. B 1984 ro,a;y oh nojiynHJi npeMHio rpanra,
KOTopan 6bma ynpe)K,z];eHa KaHa^CKOH accoHHaHHeii
aHaTOMOB h HBJineTCH b KaHa^e HaH6ojiee npecTH^cHOH
Harpa^OH b o6jiacTH aHaTOMHH. Kewr Myp B03rjiaBJiHJi
MHorne MOKflyHapoflHbie opraHH3aHHH, b tom hhcjic
KaHaflCKyio h AMepHKaHCKyio accoHHaHHH aHaTOMOB h
CoBeT npH Coi03e 6HOJiorHHecKHx HayK.
B 1981 ro,o;y Ha Ce^bMOH m6,zthhhhckoh KOHc})epeHHHH,
npoxo^HBineH b /JaMMaivie (CayzjOBCtcaii ApaBroi),
npo(|)eccop Myp 3anBHJi: "MHe ^ocTaBHJio 6ojibinoe
y^OBOJIbCTBHe nOMOHb B paS'bHCHeHHH TOrO, HTO rOBOpHTCH
b KopaHe o pa3BHTHH nejiOBeKa. MHe ohcbh^ho, hto
3th cjiOBa npHniJiH k MyxaMMa^y ot Bora, nocicojibKy
Phc. 5: OoTorpacpHa
9M6pHOHa Ha CTaflHH
Mydaa (b B03pacTe
28 flHeM). Ha btoh
CTaflHH 9M6pHOH
npnoSpeTaeT cxo^ctbo
c nepe>KeBaHHOH
MaCCOH. 9TO CXOflCTBO
o6yc.noBJieHO
TeM, HTO COMHTbl,
pacEOJioseHHBie
B CHHHHOH HaCTH
9M6pHOHa, B KaKOH-
to Mepe HanoMHHaioT
OTnenaTKH 3y6oB.
HcTHHHbifi pa3Mep
3TOrO 9M6pHOHa
cocTaBJiaeT 4 mm.
(PHCyHOK B3HT H3 KHHrH
The Developing Human
["Pa3BHBaK>mHHCfl
qejioBeK"], Myp (Moore) h Ilepco (Persaud), 5-e H3flaHHe, CTp. 82, rjik
KOTopoit oh 6mji npeflocTaBJieH npocpeccopoM Xnfleo HnrnHMypoM (Hideo
Nishimura) H3 Khotckoto yHHBepcHTeTa, Hiiohhji.)
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOTJCTBO fl/M IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
i
c
Phc. 6: CpaBHHBaa
BHeniHHH BHfl 9IVl6pHOHa
Ha CTaflHH Mydaa
h nepejKeBaHHoit
aceBaTe^BHoit pe3HHKH, mbi
MoaceM 3aMeTHTb Meayry
HHMH CXOflCTBO.
A) H3o6pa»ceHHe
9M6pHOHa Ha CTaflHH
Mydaa. Mbi Moaceia
BHfleTB, HTO COMHTBI,
pacno/ioaceHHBie b
cnHHHoii HaCTH 3M6pHOHa,
HanoMHHaioT OTnenaTKH
3y6oB (The Developing
Human ["Pa3BHBaK>mHHC>i
HejicmeK"], Myp (Moore)
h Ilepco (Persaud), 5-e
H3flaHHe, dp. 79.)
B ) OoTorpacpHH
pa3aceBaHH0H3KeBaTenbH0H
pe3HHKH. H3o6paaceHHe.)
#
9m6phoh
YuiHaa flMKa
HejirocTHaji
flyra \ ^Jt /
Bbicryn X ^ S X
nepe/i,Hero f \ /^i\
M03ra """^J -at jf &,/ : Vfk
TpeTba
' »a6epHaa
«yra
]lo,zi , i>j!3braHai
flyra
l W^W*^ 'Ml
n~Ij$ 1
Xboct
26 ± 1 fleHb
T PeajibHaM
BejIHHHHa
flecHa
#
; ;
npaKTHnecKH Bee sth (J)aKTbi 6bijih o6Hapy>KeHbi jiheib
nepe3 MHoro ctojicthh noane stoto. 3to cjijokht .zyin Meroi
,a;0Ka3aTejibCTB0M Toro, hto MyxaMMa^; .zjeHCTBHTejibHO
Sbiji nocjiaHHHKOM Bora" 1 .
B stoh cbh3h npoc|)eccopy Mypy 6bm 3aflaH cneflyioiiTHH
Bonpoc: "03HanaeT jih sto to, hto bbi Bepirre, hto KopaH
HBjmeTcn cjiobom Bora?" Oh otbcthji: "il He BH^cy npHHHH,
MeniaiomHx sto npHHHTb" 2 .
Ha o,o;hoh H3 KOH(J)epeHu;HH npo(J)eccop Myp 3aflBHJi:
"...IIocKOJibKy pa3BHTHe HejiOBenecKoro 3M6pHOHa
pa36HTb Ha CTa^HH oneHb cjitokho b CHJiy hoctohhho
(1) 9th cjiOBa B3HTH H3 BHAeo(J)HJibMa This is the Truth [9to
HCTHHa] (BHAeoKacceTa).
(2) This is the Truth [9to HCTHHa] (BH,aeoKacceTa).
_:
PATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO JXJIA IIOHHMAHHfl HC.
#
npoHcxoflflmHx H3MeHeHHH, npe^JiaraeTCH pa3pa6oTaTb
HOByK) KJiaCCHCJDHKaiJHIO C HCnOJIb30BaHHeM TepMHHOB,
ynoMHHaeMbix b KopaHe h Cyuue (cjiOBa, nocTyiiKH,
hjih o,z]io6peHHii MyxaMMa^a H). IIpeflJiaraeMaii CHCTeMa
HBJiHeTCH npocTOH, HcnepnbiBaiomeH h coBna^aeT c
flaHHblMH COBpeMeHHOH 3M6pHOJIOrHH. HHTeHCHBHbie
HccjieflOBaHHH KopaHa h xaducoe CzjocTOBepHbie paccKa3bi
copaTHHKOB npopoKa MyxaMMa^a M o tom, hto oh roBoptui,
coBepniaji hjih oflo6piui) 3a nocjie^HHe neTbipe ro^a
no3BOJiHJiH HaM KJiaccH(|)Hu;HpoBaTb CTa^HH HejiOBenecKHx
3m6phohob, KOTopan yzjHBHTejibHa TeM, hto 6biJia BnepBbie
onncaHa enje b ce^bMOM Berce Hani en spbi. Xoth ApncTOTejib
(Aristotle), ocHOBaTejib 3M6pHOJiorHH, o6Hapy>KHJi, hto
pa3BHTHe KypHHoro 3M6pnoHa npoHCxo^HT no CTaflHHM
enje b neTBepTOM Bene ro HanieH spbi, H3yHaH CTpoeHHe
KypHHblX ilHH,, OH He J\2lJ1 nOflpo6HOrO OnHCaHHH 3THX
CTa^HH. KaK CBH#eTejibCTByeT hctophh 3M6pHOJiorHH,
BnjiOTb j\o flBa^HaToro BeKa mm noHTH HHnero He 3HajiH
W O CTaflHHX pa3BHTHH H KJiaCCH(|)HKaHHH HeJIOBeneCKHX
3m6phohob. IIosTOMy onHcaHHH HejiOBenecKoro 3M6pHOHa
b KopaHe He motjih 6biTb ocHOBaHbi Ha HaynHbix 3HaHHiix,
flOCTynHbix nejiOBeKy b ce^bMOM Bene. E^HHCTBeHHoe
pa3yMHoe o6 r bHCHeHHe stoto: sth CBe^eHHH 6biJiH
OTtcpbiTbi MyxaMMa^y Botom. CaM IIpopoK He mot 3HaTb
TaKHx noflpo6HOCTeH, nocicojibKy 6biJi Heo6pa30BaHHbiM
nejiOBeKOM h He HMeji HayHHoro onbrra* 1 .
B) KopaH o ropax:
KHHra nofl Ha3BaHHeM Earth ["3eMJiH"] CTajia
ocHOBHbiM yneSHbiM noco6HeM bo mhothx yHHBepcHTeTax
MHpa. OflHHM H3 ee aBTOpOB HBJIHeTCH noneTHbiH
npo(J)eccop OpsHK Ilpecc. B CBoe BpeMH oh 3aHHMaji
flOJDKHOCTb HayHHoro coBeTHHKa npe3HfleHTa CLUA
(1) This is the Truth [9to HCTHHa] (BHAeoKacceTa).
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOflCTBO JXJIA IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
a
re
X
o
H
o
U
tr
re
Ja
o
X
p CD fl
fa H P3
b re a
S fa P5
ts
B
s
re
H
ss
1
3
s
~^/~
#
,ZJ)khmmh KapTepa h b TeneHHe 12 jieT 6biji npe3HfleHT0M
HauHOHajrbHOH aKa^eMHH HayK b BaniHHrTOHe, OKpyr
KojiyM6HH. B KHHre roBopHTCH o tom, hto y rop ecTb
CBoeo6pa3Hbie "kophh". 1 3th kophh yxo^HT rjiy6oKO b
3eMJiio, 6jiaroflapH neivry ropbi mo^cho cpaBHHTb co CBanMH
HJIH KOJIbHMH (CM. pHC. J, 8 H 9).
i
o
OKeaHbi
Oca^oHHbie nopo/(bi
MaHTHfl
rpaHHija Moxo
PaccToaHHe no ropH30HTajin
He cooTBeTCTByeT MacuiTa6y
km
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
Phc. 7: Topbi HMeioT rny6oKHe "kophh", CKpbiTbie no^ 3eMHOH
noBepxHOCTBio ( Earth ["3eMJia"], Ilpecc (Press) h CHBep (Siever), CTp.
413-)
#
BpHTaHCKHe
OCTpOBa
CeBepHan
TepMaHH)!
Ajibnbi
EBpona
PyccKaH
njiaTtpopivia
KaBKa3
10J
20-
30
40
50.
1
60
70.
Phc. 8: CxeMaTHqecKoe H3o6pa>KeHHe rop b pa3pe3e. Topbi, ho/],o6ho
CBaaM hjih KOJibHMH, yxoflHT rjry6oKO b 3eMJiio. (Anatomy of the Earth ["
AHaTOMHH 3eMJiH "], Kano (Cailleux), CTp . 220.)
(1) Earth ["3eMJifl"], Ilpecc (Press) h CHBep (Siever), CTp.
435- Cm. TaK>Ke Earth Science ["Hayxa o 3eMJie"], Tap6yx
(Tarbuck) h JlyTreHC (Lutgens), CTp. 157.
■
PATKOE HJIJIK)CTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO ftM IIOHHMAHHJI HC.
#
#
OrjioaceHHe
TopHoe ocHOBaHwe ypoBeHb Mops
/
MaHTHfl
Phc. 9: Em,e oflHH pncyHOK, HJiJiiocTpHpyiomHH cxo^ctbo ropbi c onopoM
H3-3a Hajmiiia y Hee nofl3eMHoii nacTH. ( Earth Science , ["Hayica o
3eMJie"], TapSyK (Tarbuck) h JlyrreHC (Lutgens), CTp. 158.)
A bot KaK KopaH onHCbreaeT ropbi. Eor TaK roBopHT 06
3tom b KopaHe:
^Pa3Be Mm He CRejiami
3eMjiio jioHceM, a ropbi
IIOAOSHO KOJIbiniKaM?^
(KopaH, 78:6-7)
CoBpeMeHHbie HayKH o 3eMJie
y6eflHTejibH0 ,zjOKa3ajiH, hto y
rop ecTb rjiySoKHe "kophh", yxoflflmHe b 3eMJiio (cm.
Phc. 9), h hto 3Ta nofl3eMHaH nacTb ropbi mo^cct SbiTb
b HecKOJibKO pa3 6ojibHie Hafl3eMH0H nacTH. 1 3b.slr 3to,
Hejib3H HaHTH 6ojiee tohhoto cnoBa .zyin onHcaHHH ropbi,
neM "KOJibinieK", nocKOJibKy npaBHJibHO bShtbih KOJibinieK
6ojibnieH CBoefi nacTbio yxo,a;HT nofl 3eMJiio. H3 hctophh
HayKH HaM H3BeCTH0, HTO TeOpHH O TOM, HTO TOpbl HMdOT
rjiy6oKHe "kophh", noHBHJiacb He paHee BTopon nojiOBHHbi
fleBHTHaflu;aToro BeKa. 2
1
p IB fl
(1) The Geological Concept of Mountains in the Quran
['TeojiorHHecKaii KOHHenirna crpoeHHJi rop b KopaHe"],
9jib-Harrap (El-Naggar), CTp. 5.
(2) The Geological Concept of Mountains in the Quran
['TeojiorHMecKafl KOHuenuHJi crpoeHHJi rop b KopaHe "], CTp
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOTJCTBO JIflR IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
si £ S
ra <l» &
si H (?
#
KpoMe Toro, ropbi HrpaiOT Ba^cHyio pojib b
CTa6HJiH3au;HH 3Cmhoh Kopbi. 1 Ohh npeflOTBpaiqaiOT
KOJieSaHHH 3eMH0H noBepxHOCTH. Eor TaK roBopHT 06
3tom b KopaHe:
iH Oh snejspiui b 3eMjno Mory*me
ropi>i, hto6m He KOJie6ajiaci> OHa
BMecTe c savin.. .} (KopaH, 16:15)
CoBpeMeHHan Teopun tcktohhkh njiHT TaioKe
paccMaTpHBaeT ropbi KaK CTa6HJiH3aTopbi 3cmhoh
noBepxHOCTH. IIoHHMaHHe 3toh cpyHKHHH rop b paMKax
TeOpHH TCKTOHHKH nJIHT CTaJIO pa3BHBaTbCH COBCCM
He^aBHO, c KOHu;a 60-x rozjOB flBa^HaToro BeKa. 2
Mor jih KTO-HH6yflb bo BpeMeHa IIpopoKa MyxaMMa^a
M floraflbiBaTbCH 06 hcthhhom CTpoeHHH rop? Mor jih kto-
jih6o Toryja BOo6pa3HTb, hto npoHHan, MaccHBHan ropa,
KOTopan B3flbiMaeTCH nepefl hhm, b .zjeHCTBHTejibHOCTH
yxo^HT enje h rjry6oKO nofl 3eMJiio h HMeeT "KopeHb",
KaK roBopHT 06 3tom yneHbie? Bo MHorHx KHHrax no
reojiorHH npH onHcaHHH rop o6cyacflaeTCH CTpoeHHe
jinnib Hafl3eMH0H hx nacTH. H 3to noTOMy, hto sth jho^h
He HMejiH npeflCTaBJieHHH 06 hcthhhom reojiorHnecKOM
CTpoeHHH rop. OflHaKO coBpeMeHHaii reojiornfl
y6eflHTejibHO noflTBep^HJia hcthhhoctb cjiob KopaHa.
B) KopaH o nponcxo^eHHH BcejieHHoii:
CoBpeMeHHan SKcnepHMeHTajibHan h TeopeTHHecKan
aCTpO(J)H3HKa CHHTaeT a6cOJIIOTHO OHeBHflHbIM, HTO flO
onpeflejieHHoro MOMeHTa bch BcejieHHan 6buia HHneM
(1) The Geological Concept of Mountains in the Quran
['TeojiorHHecKaii KOHuenuHJi CTpoeHHH rop b KopaHe "],
CTp. 44-45-
(2) The Geological Concept of Mountains in the Quran [Teojio-
rHHecKaii KOHu,enu,Hii crpoeHRH rop b KopaHe"], CTp. 5
■
PATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO flJIfl IIOHHMAHHJI HC.
#
#
HHbIM KaK 06jiaK0M "flblMa" (T.C TeMHOH, CBepxnJIOTHOH,
pacKajieHHOH ra30o6pa3HOH cy6cTaHij;HeH). 1 9to o/jhh
H3 ocHOBonojiaraioiqHx npHHijHnoB coBpeMeHHOH
acTpo(|)H3HKH. B Hanie BpeMH yneHbie MOiyr Ha6jiiOflaTb,
KaK H3 OCTaTKOB 3T0r0 "flblMa" (J)OpMHpyiOTCiI HOBbie
3Be3flbI (CM. pHC. 10 H ll).
HpKHe 3Be3flbI, KOTOpbie Mbl MO^CeM BHfleTb HOHbBD, KaK
h bch BcejieHHan, paHbnie 6biJiH 3thm caMbiM ".ztmmom".
Bot KaK roBopHT 06 stom Bor b Kopatie:
^3aTeM o6paTHjicH Oh k He6y,
KOTopoe 6mjio Tor^a ammom...)
(KopaH, 41:11)
IIocKOJibKy caMa 3eMJix h Bee He6o Ha^; hch (ccuiHije,
jiyHa, 3Be3flbi, njiaHexbi, rajiaKTHKH h t.,zi.) o6pa30BajiHCb
Phc. 10: 06pa30BaHHe hoboh 3Be3flbi H3 oSjiaKa ra3a h nbiJin,
Ha3bIBaeMOrO TyMaHHOCTBK). 9Ta TyMaHHOCTB - OCTaTKH "flBIMa", H3
KOToporo o6pa30BajiacB bch BcejieHHaa. ( The Space Atlas ["KocMnqecKHH
aTJiac"], XH3ep (Heather) h XeH6ecT (Henbest), CTp. 50.)
(1) The First Three Minutes, a Modern View of the Origin of the
Universe ["IlepBbie Tpn MHHyrbi. CoBpeMeHHbift b3tjihr Ha
npoHCxo>KAeHHe BcejieHHoft"], BaifflSepr (Weinberg), CTp.
94-105-
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOTJCTBO JIflR IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
#
a
W OJ G3
Cd H Bj
^ S °
2 s
c
Phc. 11: ra/raKTHqecKafl TyMaHHOCTb JIaryHa - 9to oSjiaKO ra3a h nbiJiH
flHaMeTpOM OKOJIO 60 CBeTOBbDC JieT. 3TaT}TViaHHOCTB HOCTOHHHO HaXOflHTCH
B B036y5K,Zl,eHHOM COCTOHHH nOfl B03fleHCTBHeM yjIBTpa(J)HOJieTOBOrO
H3nyqeHHH pacKa/ieHHbix 3Be3fl, He^aBHO ccpopMnpoBaBinnxcH b ee
Heflpax. ( Horizons, Exploring the Universe ['TopH30HTbi. Hccjieflya
BcejieHHyro"], CHfl3 (Seeds), nBeTHaa BKnaflKa 9, AcconnanHH
yHHBepCHTeTOB HO aCTpOHOMHHeCKHM HCCJieflOBaHHJIM, Hhk.)
H3 TOrO 5Ke CaMOrO "flMMa", MM MO)KeM 3aKJIK)HHTb, HTO
H3HaHaJIbH0 3CMJIH H He6o 6bIJIH OflHHM IjeJIMM. H Jlfflllb
nOTOM, C(J)OpMHpOBaBniHCb H3 3T0r0 OflHOpOflHOrO "flMMa",
ohh OTflejimiHCb flpyr ot flpyra. Bot Kaic roBopHT 06 3tom
Bor b KopaHe:
^HeyncejiH Te, kto He ysepoBaji,
He BH^HT, 1TO He6o H 3CMJIH 6bVIH
eAHHbiM ijejiMM, a noTOM Mm
pa3AejiHjiH hx?..J (KopaH, 21:30)
-
PATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOACTBO ftM IIOHHMAHHfl HC.
#
#
^oktop Ajibdppep, KpoHep (Alfred Kroner) CHHTaeTCH
opHM H3 BeflyrqHx mhpobbix cneHHajiHCTOB b oSjiacrra
reojiorHH.OHHBJiHeTCHnpo4)eccopoMH3aBefl;yeTKa4)e 1 z]ipoH
reanorHH b HHCTHTyre HayK o 3eivuie npH YHHBepcHTeTe
HoraHHeca ryTeH6epra r. MaHHH, (repMaHroi). Bot hto
oh crca3aji: "IIpHHHMaii bo BHHMaHHe npoHCxo^c^eHHe
MyxaMMa^a... x CHHTaio nparcrHHecKH HepeajibHbiM,
HT06bI OH MOr HMeTb 3HaHHH O e/JHHOM npOHCXO^CfleHHH
BcejieHHOH, nocKOJibKy yneHbie cmoivih ycTaHOBHTb sto
jiHnib b nocjie^HHe HecKOJibKO JieT, Hcnojib3yH caMbie
coBpeMeHHbie h oneHb cjiO)KHbie TexHOJioraHecKHe
MeTOflbl" l .
YneHbiH Taioice 3anBHJi: "il coMHeBaiocb, hto kto-jih6o
HeTbipHa^uiaTb CTOJieTHH Ha3afl, He 3Han HHnero o H^epHOH
(J)H3HKe, onHpancb HCKJiioHHTejibHO Ha cboh pa3yM, MOr 6bl
npHHTH K BblBOfly, HTO, HanpHMep, 3eMJIH H He6o HMeiOT
o6riiee npoHexo^cfleHHe." 2
T) KopaH o crpoeHHH rojiOBHoro M03ra:
06 o,o;hom H3 HeBepyiODiHx, kotopmh 3anperu;aji
npopoKy MyxaMMa^y H MOJiHTbcn b Kaa6e, Bor cica3aji
TaK:
CHer! Ecjih oh He oeraHOBHTCH,
Mm BOSbMeM ero 3a xoxoji (jio6Hyio
iacTb rojiOBbi), 3a xoxoji jihchbmh,
rpemHbra!^ (KopaH, 96:15-16)
IIoHeMy b KopaHe jio6Han nacTb rojiOBbi Ha3biBaeTCH
jpkhboh h rpeniHOH? IIoHeMy b KopaHe He roBopHTCH, hto
3tot nejiOBeK jpkhbbih h rpenmbiH? KaKan cbh3b MejK^ry
jio6hoh nacTbio rojiOBbi, Jio^cbio h rpexoM?
(1) 9th anoBa b3hth H3 BHAeo(J)HJibMa This is the Truth ["9to
HCTHHa"] (BHAeoKacceTa).
(2) This is the Truth ["9to HCTHHa"] (BHAeoxacceTa).
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOTJCTBO JIflR IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
Hccjie,o;yii CTpoeHHe nepena b ero jio6hoh nacTH
rojiOBbi, mo^cho o6HapyacHTb BepxHioio jio6Hyio h3bhjihhy
Kopbi rojiOBHoro M03ra (cm. pnc. 12). Hto tobopht
CpH3H0JI0rHH O (nyHKHHH 3T0H HaCTH M03ra? B KHHre
Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology ["Ochobbi aHaTOMHH
H (HH3H0JI0rHH"] TOBOpHTCii: "^BH^CeHHH, CBH3aHHbie
C MOTHBaUHeH, nJiaHHpOBaHHeM H HHHHHaTHBOH,
peryjiHpyiOTCii nepe^HeH nacTbio jio6hoh .zjojih rojiOBHoro
M03ra, B KOTOpOH paCnOJIO^CeHa BepXHHil JI06HaiI H3BHJIHHa.
OHa HBjmeTCR ynacTKOM nyBCTBHTejibHOH Kopbi rojiOBHoro
Mosra..." 1 B stoh ^ce KHHre OTMenaeTCii: "B BepxHen
JI06HOH H3BHJIHHe npOHCXOflilT npOUeCCbl MOfleJIHpOBaHHH
noBe^eHHH, npe^nojiaraeTCH, hto 3Ta nacTb M03ra Taioice
OTBenaeT 3a ynpaBJieHHe arpeccHBHOCTbio..." 2
B
f-H
2 s
#
TaKHM o6pa30M, 3Ta nacTb rojiOBHoro M03ra OTBenaeT
g, 3a njiaHHpoBaHHe, MOTHBaunio h coBepnieHHe ^oSpbix
hjih rpexoBHbix flenHHH, h OHa me no6yacflaeT nejiOBeica
s roBopHTb npaB^y hjih jiraTb. ^pyrHMH cjiOBaMH, ecjiH
Mbl TOBOpHM O JDKHBOM HJIH rpeXOBHOM HeJIOBeKe,
coBepnieHHO BepHbiM 6ya;eT cica3aTb, hto ji^ceT h rpeniHT
jio6HaH nacTb ero rojiOBHoro M03ra. HMeHHO nosTOMy b
KopaHe CKa3aHo:
^Her! Ecjih oh He ocTaHOBHTCH,
Mm B03bMeM ero 3a xoxoji (jio6Hyio
iacTb rojiOBbi), 3a xoxoji jijkhbmh,
rpemHbra!^ (KopaH, 96:15-16)
IIo cjiOBaM npocpeccopa KeHTa Jl. Mypa (Keith L.
Moore), yneHbie OTKpbiJiH sth cbyHKUHH BepxHen jioShoh
(1) Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology ["Ochobh aHaTOMHH
h <J)H3HOJiorHH"], Chjih h /xp. (Seeley and others), CTp . 211.
Cm. TaK>Ke The Human Nervous System ["HepBHan CHcreMa
nejioBeica"], HoSax h pp. (Noback and others), CTp . 410-411.
(2) Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology ["Ochobh aHaTOMHH h
<pH3HOJiorHH"], Chjih h /jp. (Seeley and others), CTp . 211.
-
PATKOE HJDIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO flJIfl IIOHHMAHHfl HC.
#
#
nepBHHHaji MOTOpHafl Kopa
IIpeMOTOpHaj! 30Ha
llpeijjpoHTaabHa
30Ha
ITeHTpajibHaa „
6oD037ia HepBHiHaa coiwaTO-ceHcopHaa
Kopa
D,eHTp BKyca
CoMaTO-cencopHaa
Accou,HaTHBHaa
30Ha
pHTejibHaa
acccmiiaraBHan
30Ha
3pHTejibHaa
Kopa
MoTopHbiii ijeHTp
peHH (u,eHTp BpoKa)
CjiyxoBaa accoiiHaTHBHaji 30Ha
IlepBHHHaa cjiyxoBaji Kopa
CjiyxoBoft
u,eHTp
peHH
(ijeHTp BepHHKe)
Phc. 12: OyHKijHOHajrbHbie 30HM Kopbi jieBoro nojrymapiiH rojioBHoro
M03ra. BepxHHH jioSiiaji H3BHJiHHa pacnojiaraeTCH b jio6hoh nacTH
Kopbi rojioBHoro M03ra. ( Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology ["Ochobm
aHaTOMHH h <pH3HOJiorHH"], Cnjm h ppyme (Seeley and others), CTp. 210.)
H3BHJIHHBI KOpbl rOJIOBHOrO M03ra JIHIIIb COBCeM HeflaBHO,
okojio niecTH^ecHTH jieT Ha3a,zi. 1
JX) KopaH o Mopax h peicax:
CoBpeMeHHan Hayica OTKpbma, hto b Tex MecTax,
iyre CTajiKHBaroTCH ^Ba pa3Hbix Mopn, Me>K,zry hhmh
cymecTByeT ecTecTBeHHbiH Sapbep hhmh. 3tot 6apbep
pa3flejiHeT 06a Mopn, h noaTOMy Ka^c^oe H3 hhx HMeeT
cbobd co6cTBeHHyio TeMnepaTypy BO^bi, coneHOCTb h
njiOTHOCTb. 2 HanpHMep, BO^a CpeflH3eMHoro Mopn -
(1) Al-E ' jaz al-Elmy fee al-Naseyah (The Scientific Miracles in
the Front of the Head ["Hay^Hbie ^y^eca , CBJi3aHHhie c jioQhoh
^acTbio M03ra"]), Myp h ap • (Moore and others), CTp . 41.
(2) Principles of Oceanography ["npHHiiHnbi OKeaHorpacbHn"],
JIsbuc (Davis), CTp. 92-93.
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOTJCTBO JIflR IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
#
c
H
si £ S
ra <l» &
Si H Bj
^ S °
2 s
6ojiee Temiafl, caneHan h o6jia,a;aeT MeHbnieH roioTHOCTbio
no cpaBHeHHio c bo^oh ATJiaHTHnecKoro OKeaHa.
Koiyja BO^a H3 CpeflH3eMHoro Mopn nona^aeT nepe3
rH6pajiTapcKHH noflBOflHbiH xpe6eT b ATJiaHTHnecKHH
OKeaH, OHa nepeMenjaeTCH Ha paceronHHe b hcckojibko cot
KHJIOMeTpOB H Ha TJiy6HHy OKOJIO 1000 MeTpOB , coxpaHHH
cbobd 6ojiee BbicoKyio TeMnepaTypy, cojieHOCTb h MeHbniyio
njiOTHOCTb. H Ha stoh rjiy6HHe BO^a CpeflH3eMHoro Mopn
npoflOJi^caeT coxparoiTb cboh CBOHCTBa. 1 (cm. pnc 13).
HecMOTpn Ha CHJibHbie bojihbi, MonjHbie TeneHHii,
npHJIHBbl H OTJIHBbI, 3TH MOpH He CMeniHBaiOTCH H He
nepexoflHT nepe3 stot ecTecTBeHHbiH 6apbep.
B CBHiqeHHOM KopaHe ynoMHHaeTCH o nperpa^e Me>K,zry
flByMfl MOpHMH, TOTOBblMH BCTpeTHTbCH, KOTOpbie, OflHaKO,
He cjiHBaroTCH ,o;pyr c flpyroM. Bor TaK roBopHT 06 stom:
iOn pa3i>eAHHHji ^Ba Mopn, totobmx
BCTpeTHTbCH Apyr C ApyrOM. B03^BHr
nperpa/iy MesK hhmh, js,a6bi He
cjiHBajiHCbJ (KopaH, 55:19-20)
B KopaHe Taioice coo6maeTCH o pa3flejieHHH npecHOH
H COJieHOH BOflbl, O CymeCTBOBaHHH "HenpeOflOJIHMOH
30Hbi pa3flejia" h nperpa^bi Me>K,zry hhmh. Bor roBopHT b
KopaHe:
^Oh tot, kto pa3Aejinji BO,oy
Ha ^Ba BHfla, o^na - npecHaH h
npHro^Han jijw nmbfl, ^pyraH -
cojieHan h ropbKaa. H ycTaHOBmi
Oh nperpa/jy Menc hhmh h rpaHHiry
HenpeoAOJiHMyioJ (KopaH, 25:53)
Kto-to MO^ceT cnpocHTb, noneMy b KopaHe tobophtch
o cymecTBOBaHHH "HenpeoflOJiHMOH 30hbi pa3flejia",
(1) Principles of Oceanography ["npHHu,Hnt>i OKeaHorpa<pHH"],
.IJ3BHC (Davis), CTp. 93.
■
PATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOACTBO ftM IIOHHMAHHfl HC.
#
#
ATJiaHTHHeCKHH OKeaH
CpeflH3eMHoe Mope
200
400
600
800
1000
12IM)
1400
Bo^a AT^aHTHHecKoro
_ OKeaHa
CojieHOCTb BOflbl Bblllie 36,
Phc. 13: Bo/ja CpeflH3eMHoro Mopn nona/jaeT nepe3 rnSpajiTapcKHH
noflBO^HbiH xpeSeT b ATJiaHTirqecKHH OKeaH, coxpanaji 6cuiee BbicoKyio
TeMnepaTypy, ccuieHOCTB h MeHBmyio imoTHOCTb 6jiaroflapH TOMy, *rro
Meamy bthmh ppytan BO/jHbiMH 6acceHHaMH cymecTByeT nperpa^a.
TeMnepaiypa BOflbi flaHa b rpa^ycax LfejiBciia (C°). ( Marine Geology
['Teojiorara Mopa"], KyaHeH (Kuenen), crp. 43, pacyHOK npe^cTaBJieH c
He3Ha*fflTejiBHhiM yjiyHineHHeM.)
rcoryja penb H^eT o pa3flejieHHH npecHOH h cojichoh bozjbi,
OflHaKO 06 3tom He ynoMHHaeTCH, icoryja tobophtch o
pa3rpaHHneHHH flByx Mopen?
CoBpeMeHHan HayKa noKa3biBaeT, hto b ycTbnx
peK, iyje npoHCxo^HT cjihhhhc npecHOH h cojichoh
BOflbi, CHTyaHHii hcckojibko OTJiHHaeTCH ot toh, hto
Ha6jno,z];aeTCH npH cjihhhhh flByx Mopefi. CoBpeMeHHan
HayKa ycTaHOBmia, hto b ycTbiix peK, iyje BCTpenaiOTCH
cojieHan h npecHan Bozja cymecTByeT " 30Ha pa3flejieHHH
C Bbipa^CeHHblM npepblBHCTbIM H3MeHeHHeM nJIOTHOCTH,
KOTopan pa3,fl;ejiHeT jspe BO^Hbie Maccbi." 1 Bozja b stoh
pa3flejiHTejibH0H 30He OTJiHHaeTCH no coflep^caHHio cojih
KaK ot npecHOH, TaK h ot cojichoh bo^bi 2 (cm. pnc. 14).
(1) Oceanography ["OKeaHorpafpna"], Tpocc (Gross), crp.
242. Cm. TaioKe Introductory Oceanography ["BBe,neHHe b
OKeaHorpa(pHio"], TypMaH (Thurman), CTp. 300-301.
(2) Oceanography ["OKeaHorpa<pHii"], Tpocc (Gross), CTp. 244, h
Introductory Oceanography ["BBeAeHHe b OKeaHorpatpHio"],
TypMaH (Thurman), CTp. 300-301.
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOTJCTBO JIflR IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
si £ S
ra <l» &
Si H Bj
^ S °
2 s
o
#
ScTyapaft
IlpecHaa
BOfla
(peKa)
3oHa pa3/iejia
d
CojieHaa
Bo^a
(Mope)
CivienieHHe b BepTHKajibHofi imockocth
Phc. 14: npo,a;ojibHoe ceneHHe bo^hmx anoeB b ycTBe peKH,
fleMOHCTpHp3Tom;ee CTeneHB cojieHocra bo^bi (b npoMiL/DiJix). 3#ecB BHflHa
pa3fle/iHTe/iBHaH 30Ha Meac^y npecHoii h cojieHoft Bop,om. ( Introductory
Oceanography ["BBeflemie b OKeaHorpaipHio"], TypMaH (Thurman), crp.
301, pHCyHOK He3HaHHTejIBHO OTKOppeKTHpOBaH.)
3th OTKpblTHH 6bDIH CfleJiaHbl OTHOCHTeJIbHO He^aBHO
npH noMomn caMoro coBpeMeHHoro oGopyzjOBaHira rjix
H3MepeHHH TeMnepaTypbi BOflbi, ee cojichocth, hjiothocth,
CTeneHH HacbnueHHH KHonopoflOM h t.r. Dia3 nejiOBeica He
cnoco6eH pa3JiHHHTb ^Ba cjiHBaroniHxcii Mopn. CKopee
Hao6opoT, ohh npeflCTaBJimoTCH HaM KaK o,o;Hopo,z];Hoe
Mope. Tohho TaK me HejiOBenecKHH rjia3 He b coctohhhh
yBH^eTb pa3flejieHHH BO^bi b yerbHx Ha Tpn BH^a: npecHyio
BO^y, cojieHyio BO^y h BO^y b 30He BO,zjopa3,zjejia.
E) KopaH o rjiy6oKOBO^Hi>ix Mopnx h
BHyrpeHHHx BOJiHax:
Bor roBopHT b KopaHe:
iHjia mohcho yno,o;o6HTi> hx
(HeBepyioinHx) TeM, kto norpynceH
bo MpaK nyqHHbi MopcicoH. Ohh
COKpMTM BOJIHaMH, Ha/J KOTOpMMH
Apyme bojihm, a asm hhmh - Ty*m.
MpaK, oflHH noBepx ^pyroro. H ecjin
npocTep lejiOBeK pyKy cboio, to yjKe
He BHflHT ee...} (KopaH, 24:40)
■
PATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOACTBO JXJIA IIOHHMAHHfl HC.
#
#
B 3tom aHTe roBopHTCH o MpaKe b rvrySHHe Mopeii
h OKeaHOB, iyje hcjiobck He mcdkct HHnero bh^ctb Ha
paccTOHHHH BbiTHHyroH pyKH. TaKan TeMHOTa iiapHT Ha
rjiy6HHe ot 200 MeTpoB h 6anee. Ha stoh rjiy6HHe cbct
npaKTHnecKH OTcyTCTByeT (cm. pnc. 15). Hto me KacaeTCH
rjiy6HH 6cuiee 1000 MeTpoB, to TaM Boo6rne He SbreaeT
CBeTa. 1 HejiOBeK He MO^ceT HbipHyrb rjiy6^ce, HeM Ha 40
MeTpoB. JXjir Toro HTo6bi .zjocTHHb 6ojibniHx rjiySHH eMy
HeoSxo^HMO jih6o Haxo^HTbCH b noflBOflHOH jioflKe, jih6o
HMeTb cneirHajibHoe o6opya;oBaHHe. HejioBeK He Mo^ceT
Bbi^cHTb 6e3 nocTopoHHeH noMonjH Ha HeflOCTynHbix rjix
CBeTa oiceaHCKHx rjiy6HHax, HanpHMep, Ha rjiy6HHe 200
MeTpoB .
Phc. 15: Ot 3 flo 30 nponeHTOB canHeHHoro CBeTa OTpa>KaeTCH ot MopcKoM
noBepxHOCTH. 3aTeM Ha TJiy6vme 200 MeTpoB Bee ceMB nBCTOB CBeTOBoro
cneicrpa, 3a HcmiioqeHHeM CHHero CBeTa, oflHH 3a flpyrHM noraoinaioTCH.
(Oceans ["OKeaHBi"], Sji^ep (Elder) h IlepHeTTa (Pernetta), CTp. 27.)
(1) Oceans ["OKeaHt-i"] 9ji,ziep (Elder) h IlepHeTTa (Pernetta),
CTp. 27.
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOTJCTBO JIflR IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
I
!r w ^
p d fl
fa H P3
g 2 td
^
si £ S
ra <l» as
Si H Bj
^ S °
2 s
o
#
YneHbie jihhib coBceM He^aBHO ycTaHOBHJiH cpaicr
nojiHoro OTcyTCTBHH CBeTa Ha 6ojibiiiHx rjry6HHax c
noMombio cneHHajibHoro o6opya;oBaHHii h noflBO^Hbix
JIOflOK, KOTOpbie n03B0JIHJIH HM HCCJieflOBaTb MOpCKHe
rjiySHHbi.
Mbi MO^ceM TaK^ce noHiiTb H3 cjie,zryiOH];Hx cjiob
npHBe^eHHoro Bbinie anTa KopaHa: "...nyqHHbi
MOpCKOH. OHH COKpblTbl BOJIHaMH, Ha/J KOTOpMMH
jspyrae bojihm, a asm hhmh - Ty*m..." , hto rjry6oKHe
BOflbl MOpeH H OKeaHOB nOKpblTbl BOJIHaMH H HTO Ha,o;
3thmh BOJIHaMH ecTb erne h flpyrne BOJiHbi. IIohhtho,
HTO CaMbie BepXHHe BOJIHbl - 3T0 Te, HTO Mbi BHflHM Ha
noBepxHOCTH Mopn, nocKOJibKy, KaK roBopHT KopaH, Bbinie
3THX BOJIH TOJIbKO TyHH. Ho HTO 3T0 3a BOJIHbl, KOTOpbie
coKpbiTbi b rjiy6nHe? KaK He^aBHO ycTaHOBHJiH yneHbie,
b TOJinje MopcKOH BOflbi ecTb erne h BHyrpeHHHe bojihbi,
KOTOpbie "B03HHKaiOT Ha rpaHHue pa3flejia cjioeB Bo^bi c
pa3H0H njiOTHOCTbio" 1 (cm. pnc. 16).
IlOBepXHOCTENe
V
IIjioTHaa Bo^a
Bofla MeHbinefi iijiothocth
iyTpeHHHe
BOJIHbl
Bh^ b nepcneKTHBe
Phc. 16: BHyrpeHHHe bojihbi Ha rpaHHue pa3/jejia flByx cjioeB Bo^hi c
pa3HOH njiOTHOCTbio. 0/j,hh H3 cjioeB HBJiaeTCH Sojiee hjiothbim (hh:»chhh),
/jpyroM - MeHee hjiothbim (BepxHHii). ( Oceanography ["OKeaHorpa(J>HJi"],
CTp. 204.)
(1) Oceanography ["OKeaHorpafpua"], Tpocc (Gross), CTp. 205.
■
PATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO JXJIA IIOHHMAHHfl HC.
#
#
BHyTpeHHHe bojihbi o6pa3yiOTCii Ha^ cjiohmh bo^bi,
HaxoflHiqHMHCii Ha rjiy6HHe MopeH h OKeaHOB, noTOMy hto
Ha 6ojiBniOH rjiy6HHe BO^a HMeeT 6ojiBmyio roiOTHOCTB
no cpaBHeHHio c noBepxHOCTHBiMH cjiohmh. BHyrpeHHHe
bojihbi no CBoen npnpofle ohchb noxo^cn Ha o6BiHHBie
bojihbi Ha noBepxHOCTH. HanpnMep, ohh Moryr tohho
TaK me pa36HBaTBCH. O^HaKO BHyrpeHHHe bojihbi HejiB3H
yBH,o;eTB. Hx mo^cho o6HapyacHTB, H3ynaii KOJie6aHHH
TeMnepaTypBi hjih cojieHOCTH bo^bi b 3aflaHH0M paiiOHe
MOpH. 1
>K) KopaH 06 oSjianax:
Hsynaii pa3JiHHHBie thhbi o6jiaKOB, yneHBie npHniJin
K BBIBOfly O TOM, HTO 06pa30BaHHe H CJDOpMHpOBaHHe
flO^c^eBBix o6jiaKOB nponcxoflHT no onpe^ejieHHBiM
CXeMaM H B HeCKOJIBKO 3TanOB, B 3aBHCHM0CTH OT THnOB
BeTpa h o6jiaKOB.
OflHHM H3 BHflOB flOKfleBBIX o6jiaKOB ilBJIiHOTCH KyHeBO-
flO^c^eBBie o6jiaKa. MeTeopojiorH xoponio H3ynHJiH, KaK
(J)opMHpyioTCii TaKHe o6jiaKa h KaK b hhx o6pa3yiOTCii
flO^c^B, rpafl H MOJIHHH.
Ohh ycTaHOBHJiH, hto ^jih o6pa30BaHHii ^o^cflii
KyneBO-flOJKfleBBie o6jiaKa .zjojdkhbi npoHTH cjieflyioruHe
3TanBI (|)OpMHpOBaHHiI.
1) OSjiaKa ^BHMcyTCH no BeTpy. KyHeBO-flO^cfleBBie
06jiaKa HaHHHaiOT CpOpMHpOBaTBCH C TOrO MOMeHTa,
KOr^a BeTpBI CTOHHIOT HeCKOJIBKO MeJIKHX 06jiaK0B B
o6jiacTB KOHBepreHu;HH (cm. pnc. 17 h 18).
(1) Oceanography ["OKeaHorpafpua"], Tpocc (Gross), CTp. 205.
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOflCTBO JXJIA IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
i
♦
o
2) Coe^HHeHHe. Ilocjie 3Toro He6ojibniHe o6jiaica
o6 , beflHHHioTCii h (J)opMHpyioT 6ojibHioe o6jiaKo 1 (cm.
PHC. l8 H 19).
3) BbiTflniBaHHe. Koiyia He6ojibHiHe o6jiaKa
o6i>efl;HHiHOTCii, CHJia bocxo,o;.hhihx noTOKOB B03flyxa
BHyrpH 3Toro 6ojibnioro o6jiaKa yBejrHHHBaeTCH. IIpH
3T0M BOCXOflflHIHe nOTOKH B03,Z]iyxa B IjeHTpaJIbHOH
nacTH o6jiarca CTaHOBHTCH 6anee CHJibHbiMH no
cpaBHeHHio c noTorcaMH Ha nepHcpepHH o6jiaKa. 2
9th B03flyniHbie noTOKH 3acTaBJiHK>T o6jiaKO
CKOPOCTL flBH/KEHHfl OEJIAKOB
HIDKHErOJIPyCA
1948-2152 Z, 17 CEHTilEPJI, 1967 EOflA
Phc. 17: Ha (J)OTOCHHMKe, cfle/iaHHOM co cnyraHKa, mo>kho
BHfleTb, KaK oSjiaica flBiDKyrcii k 30HaM KOHBepreHijHH B,
C h D. CTpejiKH yKa3biBaioT HanpaBJieHira BeTpa. {The Use
of Satellite Pictures in Weather Analysis and Forecasting
["Hcnojib30BaHHe cnyraHKOBoft cbeMKH rjw aHajiH3a h
nporH03HpoBaHHH noroflbi"], AH^epcoH (Anderson) h pp.,
CTp. 188.)
(1) Cm.: The Atmosphere ["A™oc(pepa"], 9htc (Anthes) h pp., CTp.
268-269, H£/ementsq/'Meteoro/ogi/["OcHOBbiMeTeopojiorHH"],
MnjiJiep (Miller) h ToMncoH (Thompson), CTp. 141.
(2) Bocxoaa rune B03,fl,yniHbie iiotokh b iieHrpajibHOH nacm oQjiaica
RBJiRiOTCR Qo^ee CHJibHbiMH, nocico;ibKy ohh 3arrj,HiiieHbi ot
ox^ajKAarouiHx bo3A6hctbhh nepHCpepHeii oSjiaica.
-
PATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOACTBO JXJIA IIOHHMAHFDI HC.
#
#
Phc. 18: He6ojiBniHe (pparaeHTbi o6;iaKOB (icyqeBbie oSjiaKa) ^BHacyrca k
30He KOHBepreHii,HH y jihhhh ropH30HTa, r^e Mbi MoaceM BH^eTB 6cuibmoe
KyqeBO-floacneBoe o6jiaKO. (Clouds and Storms ["OSjiaica h Sypn"],
JlyzjjiBM (Ludlam), ijBeTHaH BK/ia^Ka 7.4.)
c
-
I
g 2 td
a „
ft ■
3 2
a
(A)
OraflHa H30JiHpoBaHHbix
KyieBbix o6jiaKOB
(B) CraflHH pocTa
Phc. 19: (A) HeSojibnme pa3po3HeHHBie (pparaeHTbi oSjkikob (KyqeBbie
o6;iaKa). (B) Kor^a HeSojiBinne oSjiaica oSte^nHHioTca, BocxoflflmHe
noTOKH B03flyxa BHyrpH 9Toro 6ojiBinoro oSjiaica CTaHOBHTCH 6onee
chjibhbimh, b pe3yjibTaTe Hero o6jiaKO HaiHHaeT pacra b BbicoTy. Kanjin
BOflbi noica3aHbi b BH^e 3Ha*iKOB (• ). ( The Atmosphere ["ATMOctpepa"],
9htc (Anthes) h jjp., CTp. 269.)
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOTJCTBO JIflR IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
2a
W <d 05
cd E- B!
^ S °
f-H
o
#
BbiTflrHBaTbCH no BepTHKajiH, b pe3yjibTaTe nero
o6jiaKO yBejiHHHBaeTCH b BbicoTy (cm. pnc 19 (B), 20
H 2l). 9T0T BepTHKaJIbHblH pOCT IipHBOflHT K TOMy,
hto o6jiaKO nona^aeT b BbicoKHe cjioh aTMOccpepbi,
iyje TeMnepaTypa 3HaHHTejibH0 HH^ce, b pe3yjibTaTe
nero BHyrpH o6jiaica HanHHaiOT o6pa30BbiBaTbc.H
h nocTeneHHO yBejiHHHBaTbCH b pa3Mepax KaruiH
BOflbl H JlbflHHKH. Koiyja OHH CTaHOBflTCH CJIHDIKOM
TH^cejibiMH, h BOCxofliiniHe B03flyniHbie noTOKH yace He
Moryr yzjep^aTb hx, ohh Bbina^aiOT H3 o6jiarca b BH^e
ATOKflfl, rpa^a h t.^;. 1
Bor TaK roBopHT b KopaHe:
4Pa3Be bm He bh^cjih, Kan Bor
noBejieBaeT oSjiaKaivi iijii>iti> no
He6y, 3aTeM co6npaeT hx Boe^HHO h
BOApyacaeT hx Apyr Ha .opyra, nocjie
iero bi>i BH^HTe, Kan npojiHBaeTCH
^OHc^t H3 He^p hx.. J (KopaH, 24:43)
Phc. 20: KyqeBO-,a;c»K/i,eBoe o6jiaico.
Ylocjie Toro KaK o6jiaKO BbipacraeT
B BMCOTy, HaHHHaeTCH flOJKflB.
(Weather and Climate ["Ilorofla h
KJiHMaT "], BoflHH (Bodin), CTp .123.)
KpHCTajuiBi Jibfla
(1) Cm.: r/je^4tmosp/iere["ATMOc4)epa"],9HTc(Anthes)HAp.,CTp.
269, h Elements of Meteorology ["Ochobm MeTeopojiornn"],
MnjiJiep (Miller) h Tomiicoh (Thompson), CTp. 141-14.
-
PATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO JXJIA IIOHHMAHHfl HC.
#
#
Phc. 21: KyreBO-flOHC^eBoe oSjiaico. ( A Colour Guide to Clouds ["L[BeTHOH
araac oSjiaKOB"], CKopep (Scorer) h yaKCJiep (Wexler), CTp. 23.)
MeTeopojiorH jiheje He^aBHO y3HajiH 06 sthx
MexaHH3Max o6pa30BaHHH oSjiarcoB, oco6eHHOcrax hx
CTpoeHHH H (J)yHKI];HHX. 9T0r0 y^aJIOCb flOCTHHb JIHIHb,
H3yHHB xaparcrep h HanpaBJieHHe BeTpa, H3MepHB
BejiHHHHy h flHana30H KOJie6aHHH BJia^KHOcra B03,zryxa h
aTMOC(J)epHoro flaBJieHHH c noMombio caMoro coBpeMeHHoro
oSopyflOBaHHH: caMOJieTOB, cnyrHHKOB, KOMnbiOTepoB,
a3p030HflOB H T.fl. 1
B npoijHTHpoBaHHOM aHTe KopaHa nocjie ynoMHHaHHH
06 o6jiaKax h flo^c^e roBopHTCH o rpa^e h mojihhhx:
C..H Oh HacbuiaeT rpaA c He6ecm>ix
rop (o6jiaKOB), h Oh nopaiKaeT hm
Tex, Koro noMcejiaeT, h otkjiohhct ot
Tex, ot Koro noncejiaeT. HpKHH 6jiecK
mojihhh ero noiTH ocremraeT.^
(KopaH, 24:43)
(1) Cm.: Ee 'jaz al-Quran al-Kareemfee WasfAnwa ' al-Riyah,
al-Sohob, al-Matar , MaKKH (Makky) h pp., CTp. 55.
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOflCTBO JIflR IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
si £ S
ra <l» &
Si H Bj
^ S °
2 s
o
#
MeTeopojiorH ycTaHOBHJiH, hto Te KyHeBO-flO^cfleBbie
o6jiaKa, H3 KOTopbix Bbina^aeT rpafl, ^ocTHraiOT b bbicoty
7,5-9,2 km, 1 noflo6HO HacTOflnjHM ropaM, h hmchho TaK 06
3tom roBopHTCH b KopaHe: "...H Oh Hao>uiaeT rpaA c
He6ecm>rx rop (oSjiaKOB)..." (cm. phc. 21).
McoKer, oflHaKO, B03HHKHyTb Bonpoc: noneMy KopaH
roBopHT o "mojihhh ero" npHMeHHT&nbHO k rpa,zry?
03HanaeT jih 3to, hto rpafl HBJixeTCR rjiaBHOH iiphhhhoh
06pa30BaHHH MOJIHHH? /JaBaHTe IIOCMOTpHM, HTO 06 3T0M
CKa3aH0 b HayHHOM H3flaHHH, 03arjiaBJieHH0M Meteorology
Today ["MeTeopojiorafl
cero^Hii"]. B stoh KHHre
rOBOpHTCH O TOM, HTO
rcoiyja rpafl npoxo^HT
nepe3 Ty nacTb o6jiaica,
KOTopan HacbinieHa
pe3K0 OXJia^CfleHHblMH
HaCTHIjaMH BOflbl h
KpHCTajuiaMH jib^a,
to o6jiaKO 6bicTpo
3JieKTpH3yeTCH.
Kor^a KanjiH bo^bi
conpHKacaiOTCH c
rpa,o;oM, ohh 3aMep3aiOT,
b pe3yjibTaTe nero hx
BHyTpeHHHH SHepTHfl
BbmejiHeTCH b BH,a;e Tenjia.
Bcjie^CTBHe stoto noBepxHOCTb
rpa^HH 0Ka3biBaeTCH 6ojiee TeruioH no cpaBHeHHio c
OKpyacaiODiHMH hx KpHCTajuiaMH Jib^a. Koiyja rpa^HHbi
conpHKacaiOTCH c KpHCTajuiaMH Jib^a, npoHCxo^HT o^ho
Ba>KHoe HBJieHHe, KOTopoe 3aKJiK>HaeTCH b tom, hto
sjiercrpoHbi HanHHaiOT ^BHraTbCH ot 6ojiee xojiOflHoro
(1) Elements of Meteorology ["Ochobh MeTeopojiorHn"],
MnjiJiep (Miller) h ToMncoH (Thompson), CTp. 141.
_:
PATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO JXJIA IIOHHMAHHfl HC.
#
#
o6 , beKTa k 6ojiee TeroiOMy. B pe3yjibraTe stoto rpa^HHbi
OKa3biBaiOTCH OTpmjaTejibHO 3apn^ceHHbiMH. AHajiorHHHoe
HBJieHHe npoHcxo^HT, icoiyja pe3K0 oxjia^cfleHHbie
nacTHHbi BOflbi conpHKacaiOTCH c rpa^HHaMH, ot KOTopbix
OTmenjiHK>TCH HeSojibniHe nojio^cHTejibHO 3apH^ceHHbie
nacTHHbi Jib,a;a. 3th 6ojiee Jiencne h nojic»KHTejibHO
3apH^ceHHbie nacTHHbi BMecTe c bocxoahdihmh
B03flyniHbiMH noTOKaMH nepeMenjaiOTCH b BepxHioio nacrb
o6jiaica. OTpHu;aTejibHO 3apn^ceHHbie rpa^HHbi, Hao6opoT,
nepeMeiqaiOTCH b hh>khioio nacrb o6jiaica, b pe3yjibTaTe
nero OHa npHo6peTaeT OTpHHaTejibHbiii 3apnfl. Bjiaro^apH
3T0My npOHCXOflHT SJieKTpHHeCKHH pa3pHfl B BHfle
MOJIHHH. 1 H3 3T0r0 MO)KHO 3aKJIIOHHTb, HTO Tpafl HBJIiieTCH * | ^
o o u = ~> V
TJiaBHOH npHHHHOH B03HHKH0BeHHH MOJIHHH.
IIpOHCXO^CfleHHe MOJIHHH 6bIJIO OTKpblTO COBCeM
He^aBHO. BnjiOTb ro 1600 r. h. 3. b MeTeopojiorHH
OCHOBHblMH CHHTaJIHCb npeflCTaBJieHHfl ApHCTOTeJIH
(Aristotle). HanpHMep, oh chhteui, hto b aTMOCCpepe
npHcyTCTByiOT ^Ba THna HcnapeHHH - cyxne h BJia^cHbie.
Oh Taic^ce CHHTaji, hto rpoM - sto He hto HHoe, KaK 3ByK,
o6pa3yiomHHCH npn ctojikhob6hhh cyxnx HcnapeHHH c
o6jiaKaMH, a mojihhh - sto BocraiaMeHeHHe h ropeHHe
cyxnx HcnapeHHH cjia6biM orHeM. 2 9to jiHHib HeKOTopbie
H3 flpeBHHx npeflCTaBJieHHH o MeTeopojiorHH, KOTopbie
CHHTaJIHCb OCHOBHblMH HeTbipHa^naTb CTOJieTHH Ha3afl,
icoryja MHpy 6bui HBJieH KopaH.
(1) Meteorology Today ["MeTeopojiorna ceroA&a"], ApeHC
(Ahrens), CTp. 437.
(2) The Works of Aristotle Translated into English: Meteorologica
["PaSoTbi ApncTOTejiii b nepeBOAe Ha aHrjiHHCKHH h3hk:
MeTeopojiorHKa"], tom 3, Pocc (Ross) h pp., CTp. 369a-369b.
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOTJCTBO PJW IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
I
2
si £ S
ra <l» &
si H (?
#
3) KoMMeHTapHH y^eHfcix OTHOCHTejib-
ho HeKOToptix Hay^Hbix My^ec b
CBHin;eHHOM KopaHe:
HroKe npHBOflHTCH HeKOTopbie KOMMeHTapHH yneHbix 1
o HayHHbix nyzjecax b CBflmeHHOM KopaHe. Bee sth
KOMMeHTapHH HHTHpyiOTCH no BH^eocpHJibMy This is the
Truth ["3to HCTHHa"]. B stom BHfleocpHJibMe Bbi MO^ceTe
yBH^eTb h ycjibiniaTb HH^cecjieflyiOH];He KOMMeHTapHH
yneHbix.
s
l) .ZJoktop T.B.H. Ilepco (T. V. N. Persaud), npocpeccop
aHaTOMHH, npocpeccop ne^HaTpHH h ^eTCKHx 6ojie3HeH,
npocpeccop Kacpe,a;pbi aKyrnepcTBa h rHHeKOJiorHH
^ | s YHHBepcHTeTa MaHHTo6a (r. BHHHHner, npoBHHHHH
S MaHHTo6a, KaHa^a). B TeneHHe 16 JieT oh B03rjiaBJiHJi
Kacpe,a;py aHaTOMHH stoto yHHBepcHTeTa. Oh HBJiaeTCH
H3BeCTHbIM CneiliHaJIHCTOM B CBOeH o6jiacTH, aBTOpOM
h pe^aKTopoM 22 yHe6HHKOB. EMy npHHa^Jie^cHT 181
ony6jiHKOBaHHaH HayHHan paSoTa. B 1991 ro^y eMy Sbuia
npHcyacfleHa npeMHH rpanra, ynpe^cfleHHaii KaHa^CKOH
accoirHaHHen aHaTOMOB, KOTopan flBJineTCH HaH6ojiee
aBTopHTeTHOH b KaHa^e Harpa^OH b o6jiacTH aHaTOMHH.
Koiyja flOKTopa Ilepco cnpocnjiH o HaynHbix 3HaMeHHnx b
KopaHe, KOTopbie oh HCCJie^OBaji, yneHbiH 3anBHJi:
"KaK MHe o6bHCHHJiH, MyxaMMafl M 6bm caMbiM
o6biHHbiM nejiOBeKOM. Oh He yMeji hh nnraTb, hh
nncaTb, oh 6bui HerpaMOTeH. Bojiee toto, mm tobophm
O TOM, HTO CJiyHHJIOCb .ZJBeHaflHaTb [B fleHCTBHTeJIbHOCTH
HeTbipHa^uiaTb] CTOJieTHH Ha3a,zL H KaKOH-TO
Heo6pa30BaHHbiH nejiOBeK ^ejiaeT 3a.HBJieHHH h
yTBep^cfleHHH HayHHoro xapaKTepa, KOTopbie OTJinnaiOTCH
n0pa3HTeJIbH0H TOHHOCTbK). H JIHHHO H. He MOiy Ha3BaTb
3to npocTOH cjiynaHHOCTbio. OSHapyaceHO cjihhikom
(1) ripHMenaHHe. Poa 3aHJiTHH Bcex ynoMjmyTbix y^eHbix
npHBOAHTCii corjiacHO AaHHbiM 1997 roAa.
■
PATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO JXJIA IIOHHMAHHfl HC.
#
MHoro coBnafleHHH, h nosTOMy h., kslk h florcrop Myp
(Moore), Bnojnie flonycicaio to, hto hmchho CBinijeHHoe
BfloxHOBeHHe hjih OTKpoBeHHe no3BOJiHJio eMy c^ejiaTb
3TH 3aHBJieHHH."
Ilpocpeccop Ilepco (Persaud) bkjiiohhji HecKOJibKO
KopaHHHecKHx aHTOB h H3peneHHH IIpopoKa MyxaMMa,a;a
% b HecKOJibKO cbohx KHHr. Oh Taioice UHTHpOBaJI 3TH
aHTbi KopaHa h H3peneHHH npopoKa MyxaMMa^a H Ha
HecKOJibKHx HayHHbix KOH(J)epeHrj;HHx.
2) .ZJoktop ,3>ko JIh CHMncoH (Joe Leigh Simpson)
B03rjiaBJiHeT Kacpe^py h iiBJiiieTCii npocpeccopoM
aKyniepcTBa h rHHercojioraH, npocpeccopoM MOJieKyjrapHOH
I
reHeTHKH h reHeTHKH nejiOBeKa b MeflHrj;HHCKOM KOJiJie^^ce 1 1 g
BsHJiopa (r. Xbioctoh, niTaT Texac, CIIIA). B nponuiOM
oh B03rjiaBJiHJi Kacpe,a;py aKyniepcTBa h raHercojiorHH
b yHHBepcHTeTe niTaTa TeHHeccH (r. MeMCpHC, niTaT
TeHHeccH, CIIIA). B CBoe BpeMH oh 3aHHMaji nocT
^ npe3HfleHTa AMepHKaHCKoro o6inecTBa no H3yneHHio
cnoco6oB H3yneHHH noTOMCTBa. .ZJoktop CHMncoHyzjocToeH
MHornx Harpafl, cpe^n KOTopbix npeMHH o6niecTBeHHoro
npH3HaHHH AcconnanHH npocpeccopoB aKyniepcTBa h
rHHeKOJioran, nojiyneHHaH hm b 1992 ro,zry. BHHMaHHe
npocpeccopa CnMncoHa npHBJieKJiH cne,zryioinHe ppa
H3peneHHH LTpopoKa MyxaMMa^a #|:
{Bee iacrn Bainero Tejia, cymecTByiomne b
KajK^OM H3 Bac, coe^HHHioTCH Boe^HHO b yrpoSe
MaTepH 3a copoK ^Heii... Y
(1) Otphbkh H3 Saheeh Muslim, N° 2643, h Saheeh Al-Bukhari,
N° 3208.
npHMe^aHHe. TeKCT, npHBeAeHHbiii b a3hhom pyKOBOACTBe
b TaKHx ctcoQicax, {...} RBJineTCR nepeBOAOM c^ob IIpopoKa
MyxaMMaAa|i.y i iTHTeTaK}Ke, i iTOCHMBOJi(N5),Hcnojib3yeMbiH
b npHMe^aHHiix, yica3biBaeT Ha HOMep xaduca . Xaduc - sto
AOCTOBepHbiii paccKa3 coparaHKOB IIpopoKa MyxaMMaAa IS
tom, hto oh roBopn;i, Ae;ia;i HJIH OAoQpjm.
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO flJIH IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
si £ S
ra <l» &
Si H Bj
^ S °
2 s
o
{KaK TOJibKo co .zjhh coTBopeHHH 3apo,ni>inia
npoxo/juT copoK ^Be hohh, Ajuiax nocbuiaeT k Heiviy
aHrejia, kotopbih npn^aeT eMy Ha/yieMcamyio (popMy
h ^aeT cjiyx, 3peinie, Koacy, njiOTb h kocth... J- 1
Oh BHHMaTejibHO npoaHajiH3HpoBaji sth ^Ba
H3peHeHHH IIpopoKa MyxaMMa^a H h otmcthji, hto
b nepBbie copoK ^hch >kh3hh 3apoflbini nejiOBerca
npHo6peTaeT OTHeTJiHBbie xapaKTepHbie npH3HaKH.
yneHblH 6bIJI 0C06eHH0 yZJHBJieH HaCKOJIbKO TOHHblMH
h npaBHJibHbiMH 0Ka3ajiHCb H3peHeHHH IIpopoKa
MyxaMMa^a M • Ilocjie 3Toro Ha o^hoh H3 KOHcJpepeHHHH
oh BbicKa3aji cjieflyioiqee MHeHHe:
"TaKHM o6pa30M, b sthx ffsyx xaducax (H3peneHHflx
IIpopoKa MyxaMMa^a H), o KOTopbix mm roBopmiH, tohho
onHcaHbi 4>a3bi o6m;ero 3M6pHOHajibHoro pa3BHTHH b
TeneHHe nepBbix copoKa ^hch. R enje pa3 noBTopio to,
hto HeoflHOKpaTHO roBopHJiH ceroflHH yrpoM flpyrae
-0- BbiCTynaiomHe - amu xaducbt He motjih oniipaTbCH Ha
HayHHbie 3HaHroi toto BpeMeHH... il .zryMaio, H3 stoto
cjie^yeT to, hto Me>K,zry reHeTHKOH h pejimneH HeT
HHKaKoro npoTHBopenHH. Bojiee toto, pejiHrroi mtokct
HanpaBJiHTb pa3BHTHe HayKH, flonojiHHH HeKOTopbie
Tpa^HUiHOHHbie HayHHbie no,zrxo,z];bi otkpobchhhmh
CBbinie. B KopaHe coflep^cHTCH HH<|)opMarpiH, KOTopan
6bma noflTBep^cfleHa jihhib HecKOJibico ctojicthh cnycTH.
3T0 CBHfleTeJIbCTByeT O TOM, HTO 3HaHHiI, H3JI0^CeHHbie B
KopaHe, 6biJiH nojiyneHbi ot Bora."
3) .ZJoktop 3. Mapniajui ,H>kohcoh (E. Marshall Johnson)
HBJIHeTCH npO(J)eCCOpOM aHaTOMHH H 6HOJIOTHH
pa3BHBaion];Hxcii opraHH3MOB YHHBepcHTeTa ToMaca
^^cecJ)4)epcoHa (r. OHJiaflejib(J)Hii, niTaT IleHCHJibBaHHii,
CLQA). B TeneHHe 22 jieT oh 3aHHMaji .zjojPKHOCTb
3aBe,zryEom;ero Ka(J)efl;pbi aHaTOMHH stoto yHHBepcHTeTa
(1) Otphbok H3 Saheeh Muslim , N° 2645.
■
PATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOACTBO JXJIA IIOHHMAHHfl HC.
#
h nocT ^HpeKTopa HHCTHTyra /JsHHejia Bay. KpoMe Toro,
oh 6biji npe3HfleHT0M TepaTOJiorHnecKoro o6niecTBa. Oh
RBJixeTCx aBTopoM 6ojiee 200 ny6jiHKau,HH. B 1981 ro,zry Ha
7-H Me^HUHHCKOH KOH(|)epeHHHH, cocTOHBnieHCH b ropo^e
JXslmmslh b CayzjOBCKOH ApaBHH, npocpeccop ,3>kohcoh,
npeflCTaBJiHH cboh HaynHbiH flOKJiafl, 3aHBHJi cjieflyronjee:
"Pe3K)Me: KopaH onncbiBaeT He tojibko pa3BHTHe
BHeniHHx (popM, ho Taioice aiojeHTHpyeT BHHMaHHe Ha 3Tanax
BHyrpeHHero pa3BHTHH, Ha 3Tanax, KOTopbie nponcxoflHT
BHyrpH 3M6pnoHa, Ha npoueccax o6pa30BaHHH h pa3BHTHH
3apoflbinia, Bbmejiflfl KJiiOHeBbie MOMeHTbi 3M6pnoreHe3a,
KOTOpbie 6bDIH npH3HaHbI COBpeMeHHOH HayKOH".
(1) IlpopoK MyxaMMaA H 6bm HerpaMOTHbiM. Oh He yMeji hh
MHTaTb, hh nncaTb. Oh npoH3HOCHJi aiiTbi KopaHa nepeA
CBOHMH COpaTHHKaMH, HeKOTOpbIM H3 KOTOpblX OH flaBaJI
yxasaHHe 3anHCHBaTb hx.
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOTJCTBO JIflR IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
I
CD I— 1
3
Oh TaioKe 3anBHJi: "KaKyneHbiH, n Mory paccMaTpHBaTb
TOJibKO to, hto Mory yBH^eTb bo Bcex ^eTajiHx. R noHHMaio
3M6pHOJIOrHBD H 6HOJIOrHK> pa3BHTHH. R nOHHMaBD CJIOBa,
nepeBe^eHHbie pjia. MeHH H3 KopaHa. KaK h yace noica3aji b
npHBe^eHHOM Bbinie npHMepe, ecjiH 6bi n CMor nepeHecTHCb
^ B Ty 3nOXy CO BCeMH MOHMH CerOflHflHIHHMH 3HaHHHMH, H.
6bi Bee paBHO He cyMeji onHcaTb Te BenjH, KOTopbie Sbdih
H3JI0^CeHbI B KopaHe. il He BH)Ky oS'beKTHBHbrX OCHOBaHHH
flJIH TOrO, HT06bI OTpHH,aTb TOT (paKT, HTO 3T0T HeJIOBeK,
MyxaMMa^, nojiynaji HHCpopMauHio H3 Kaicoro-TO flpyroro
HCTOHHHKa. H X He BH^Cy HHKaKOrO npOTHBOpeHHH B TOM
npe,o;cTaBJieHHH, hto Bee, hto oh HanHcaji, 6bmo co3flaHO
6jiaroflapH BMeniaTejibCTBy bbiciuhx chji" *.
4) .ZJoktop YHJibHM y. Xsh (William W. Hay) -H3BecTHbiH
OKeaHOJior. Oh HBJiHeTCH npocpeccopoM Kacpe^pbi
reojiorHH yHHBepcHTeTa Kojiopa^o (r. Eoyjmep, niTaT
Kojiopa^o, CLQA). B nponiJiOM oh 6bm .zjercaHOM niKOJibi no
H3yneHHio aTMOCCpepbi h rrmpoccpepbi km. Po3eHHiTHJiH
H
Cd E- B!
^ S °
2 s
o
npH yHHBepcHTeTe MafiaMH (r. MafiaMH, niTaT OjiopH^a,
CHIA). Ilocjie o6cy>Kp,emix HaynHbix c})aKTOB, HMeiomux
OTHonieHHe k reojioraH Mopeft, ynoMHHaiomHxcH b
KopaHe h jihhib He^aBHO otkpbitbix coBpeMeHHOH HayKOH,
npoc|)eccop Xsh 3anBHJi:
"K Haxo^cy Hpe3BbiHaHH0 HHTepecHbiM tot c|paKT, hto
noflo6HaH HH(|)opMau,HH 6bma o6HapyaceHa b .zrpeBHHx
3anHCHx CBHiqeHHoro KopaHa. il He Mory npe^CTaBHTb
ce6e, OTKyzja Moivia hohbhtbch 3Ta HHcJpopMaHHH, OflHaico r
CHHTaio oneHb HHTepecHbiM to, hto OHa ecTb h hto yneHbie
ceroflHH npoflOJi^caiOT OTKpbiBaTb cmmcji HeKOTopbix
ero OTpbiBKOB." Koiyja yneHoro cnpocHJiH 06 aBTopcTBe
KopaHa, oh otbcthji: "H .zryMaio, hto 3to .zjojkkho 6bmo
6biTb 6o^cecTBeHHoe cymecTBo".
5) .ZJoktop ^^cepajibfl K. TepHHrep (Gerald C. Goeringer)
HBJIfleTCH npO(J)eCCOpOM MeflHHHHCKOH 3M6pHOJIOrHH Ha
Kadpeppe KJieTOHHofi 6HOJiorHH MeflmjHHCKoro cJpaKynbTeTa
^ npH yHHBepcHTeTe ,Zj5Kop,zpKTayHa (r. BaniHHrTOH, OKpyr
Kojiym6hh, CHIA). Ha 8-h Me^HUiHHCKOH KOH(J>epeHirHH,
COCTOHBHieHCH B T. Sp-PHflfl B CayZJOBCKOH ApaBHH,
npocjpeccop TepHHrep, BbiCTynan co cbohm HaynHbiM
flOKJia^OM, 3anBHJi cjie,zryiomee:
"B OTHOCHTejibHO He6ojibHioM KOJiHnecTBe cmmoe
(KOpaHHHeCKHX CTHXOB) COflep^CHTCH flOBOJIbHO
HcnepnbiBaiOHjee onHcaHHe pa3BHTHH nejiOBerca c
MOMenra cjihhhhh raMeT bhjiotb j\o opraHoreHe3a.
PaHee He cyniecTBOBajio flpyroro Tarcoro tohhoto h
nojiHoro onHcaHHH npouecca HejiOBenecKoro pa3BHTHH,
BKniOHaiODiero KJiaccHCJDHKairHio, TepMHHOJiorrno h
xapaKTepHCTHKy Ka^c^oro 3Tana. B 6ojibniHHCTBe - ecjiH
He bo Bcex - cjiynanx 3to onHcaHHe Ha mhoto ctojibthh
npeflBapiieT to onHcaHHe 3TanoB pa3BHTHH HejiOBenecKoro
3M6pHOHa H nJIOfla, KOTOpOe npHBOflHTCH B TpaflHHHOHHOH
HayHHOH JiHTepaType."
-
PATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOACTBO ftM IIOHHMAHHfl HC.
#
M
3
6) ^oktop HoniHXH^e Ko3aH (Yoshihide Kozai) HBJineTCH
3acjiyHceHHbiM npoc|peccopoM Tokhhckoto yHHBepcHTeTa
(pafioH XoHro, r. Tokho, .HnoHHH). PaHee oh 3aHHMaji
flOJi^cHOCTb ^HpeKTopa HairnoHajibHOH acTpoHOMHHecKoii
o6cepBaTopHH b MHTaKe (Tokho, .HnoHHfl). Bot hto oh
roBopHT:
"H 6biji nopa^ceH, KOiyja OTtcpbui rjix ce6ii b KopaHe
flOCTOBepHyiO aCTpOHOMHHeCKyK) HHCJDOpMaHHK). Be^b Mbl,
coBpeMeHHbie acTpoHOMbi, HCCJie^yeM Jinnib oneHb Majiyio
nacTb BcejieHHOH. Mbi cocpeflOTOHHJiH HaniH ycnjiroi Ha
noHHMaHHH jihhib oneHb He6ojibniOH ee Hacrra. JXejio
B TOM, HTO C nOMODIblO TeJieCKOnOB Mbl MO^CeM BHfleTb
TOJibKO OT^ejibHbie ynacTKH He6a h He paccMaTpHBaeM
BcejieHHyio b uejiOM. nosTOMy, HHTan KopaH h nojiynaii
OTBeTbi Ha cboh Bonpocbi, flyMaio, hto CMory HaHTH
CBe^eHHH, KOTopbie noMOiyr MHe b H3yneHHH BcejieHHOH".
7) npo(|)eccop Te^^caTaT Te^^caceH, 3aBe,zryiomHH
-0- Ka(J)efl;poH aHaTOMHH yHHBepcHTeTa r. HnaHrMaH
(TaHJiaHfl). PaHee oh 3aHHMaji .zjojPKHOCTb flercaHa
MeflHHHHCKoro cJDaicyjibTeTa 3Toro ^ce yHHBepcHTeTa. Ha
8-H MeflHHHHCKOH KOHCjpepeHITHH, COCTOflBHieHCH b r.
Sp-Proui; b Cay^OBCKOH ApaBHH, npo(J)eccop Te^^caceH
cooGhjhji:
"B nocjie^HHe Tpn ro^a h. 3aHHTepecoBajiCH KopaHOM...
Ha OCHOBe MOHX C06CTBeHHbIX HCCJieflOBaHHH H TOTO, HTO
k y3Haji Ha 3toh KOHcJpepeHHHH, x c^ejiaji bbiboa o tom,
hto Bee HHcnocjiaHHoe b KopaHe 6ojiee HeTbipHa^HaTH
CTOJieTHH Ha3afl HBjmeTCR hcthhoh, KOTopyro mo^cho
A0Ka3aTb HayHHbiMH MeTo^aMH. nocKOJibicy npopoK
MyxaMMafl He yvieji hh HHTaTb, hh nncaTb, oh mot 6biTb
jinnib nocjiaHHHKOM, KOTopbiH nepe,a;aji HaM 3Ty HCTHHy,
HHcnocjiaHHyio eMy b BH^e 6o^cecTBeHHoro 03apeHHH
TeM, koto mm Mo^ceM CHHTaTb tbophom. 3tot TBopeu; H
flOJi^ceH 6biTb BoroM. nosTOMy h. CHHTaio, hto HacTajio
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOTJCTBO fl/M IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
I
#
BpeMfl CKa3aTb: Jlx HJinxa hjijih Jljiax, hct .opyroro 6ora,
Kpoivie Anjiaxa (Bora) h MyxaMMa^y pacyjib Anjiax,
MyxaMMafl ecTb IIocjiaHHHK (IIpopoK) Anjiaxa (Bora). B
3aKJiK)HeHHe k xotcji 6bi OTMeTHTb BejiHKOJienHyio h oneHb
yzjanHyio opraHH3aHHK> stoh KOHejpepeHHHH. . . 3flecb h
nojiyHHJi oneHb MHoro, npnneM He TOJibKO c HayHHOH
HJIH peJIHrH03H0H TOHKH 3peHHfl, a TaiOKe BCTpeTHJICH
CO MHOrHMH H3BeCTHbIMH yHCHblMH H npH06peJI HOBblX
Apy3eH H3 HHCJia ynacTHHKOB KOHcJpepeHHHH. Ho H3 Bcero,
hto k nojiynmi, npnexaB cio^a, caMbiM ^oporHM rjix Meroi
HBJiHeTCH JIr uAHxa uaah JIaox h MyxciMMady pacyAb
Aaaox, a Taioice to, hto k ctslji MycynbMaHHHOM."
^ S « -TT
g g I IlOCJie TOTO KaK Mbl 03HaK0MHJIHCb CO BCeMH 3THMH
Cd H Bj
^ s °
2 s
o
Et
npHMepaMH HaynHbix nyzjec b CBHHjeHHOM KopaHe h co
BceMH KOMMeHTapHHMH yneHbix no 3T0My noBO,zry, flaBafiTe
cnpocHM y caMHx ceon:
■ Mojkct jih 6biTb npocTbiM coBna^eHHeM to, hto bch
^ 3Ta HayHHan HH^opMamiH, KOTopan 6biJia OTKpbiTa
coBceM He^aBHO b caMbix pa3Hbix o6jiacTiix HayKH,
6bma ynoMifflyra b KopaHe, KOTopbiH 6bui hbjich MHpy
HeTbipHa^uiaTb ctojicthh Ha3a,zj?
■ Mor jih KopaH 6biTb HanncaH MyxaMMa^OM #g hjih
jno6biM flpyrHM nejiOBeKOM?
EflHHCTBeHHbIM B03M0)KHbIM OTBCTOM Ha 3TH BOnpOCbl
HBJIHeTCH TO, HTO KopaH HBJIHeTCH HCTHHHbIM CJIOBOM
EO)KbHM, HBJieHHbIM MHpy CaMHM BOTOM.
_:
PATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOACTBO ftM IIOHHMAHHfl HC.
#
#
(2) BeJIHKHH BBI30B, HTo6bI C03£;aTb
xoth 6bi o^ny rjiasy, no,a;o6Hyio
rjiasaivi CBHiu;eHHoro KopaHa
Bor TaK roBopHT b KopaHe:
^ECJIH 5Ke Bbi yCOMHHTeCb B
HCTHHHOCTH TOrO, HTO Mbl HHCnOCJiajIH
HaineMy pa6y (MyxaMMa/iy H), to
coTBopHTe caMH noAoSHyio rjiasy
h npH30BHTe CBH^eTejieii cbohx
(CTOpOHHHKOB H nOMOII|,HHKOB),
noMHMo Bora, ecjiH Bbi npaB^HBbi.
Ho ecjin Bbi He cyMeeTe c/jejiaTb sto,
- a Bbi HHKoiyja 3Toro He c/jejiaeTe, - to
6oHTecb OrHa (t.c A#a), pacronKOH
KOToporo Syoyr jnojm h KaMHH. Oh
yroTOBaH HeBepHbiM. H o6pa/iyH
Tex, KOTopbie yeepoBajiH h BepimuiH
Ao6pbie ACJia, *ito ajih hhx yroTOBaHbi
Kyinn (Pan), r^e TeKyr peKH.. .} (KopaH,
2:23-25)
C Tex nop, KaK KopaH 6biji BnepBbie hbjich MHpy
HeTbipHaflu;aTb ctojicthh Ha3afl, hhkto He cyMeji co3,a;aTb
xoth 6bi OflHy rjiaBy, KOTopan 6bi Morjia cpaBHHTbCH c
rjiaBaMH KopaHa no KpacoTe, KpacHopenHio, BejiHKOJiennio,
My^pocTH, coflep^cam;HxcH b hhx npe^nHcaHKH,
npaB^HBOCTH npoponecTB h flpyrHM npeicpacHbiM
KanecTBaM. BcnoMHHTe tojibko, hto caMan KopoTKan rjiaBa
KopaHa (Cypa 108) coctoht Bcero jihuib H3 .zjecHTH cjiob, ho
hhkto TaK h He cmot co3flaTb hto-jih6o noflo6Hoe hh b to
^ajieKoe BpeMH, hh ceHnac. 1 HeKOTopbie H3 HeyBepoBaBninx
II
!r w ^
p d fl
fa H P3
g 2 td
(1) Cm. Al-Borhan fee Oloom Al-Quran
Zarkashy), tom 2, CTp. 224.
Ajib-3apKauiH (Al-
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOTJCTBO fl/M IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
#
a
mora
rt e- f?
^ S °
2 s
c
"
4 (15^
'-36^ 4fl& -afie* a*n -5S& ^fa .«& aaa. a\ ^v. /a\ m\ m\ a\ ^>.% a** ^& ^a jstel
--■'
CaMaH KopoTKaa iviaBa CBameHHoro KopaHa (Cypa 108) coctoht Bcero
jihihb H3 flecaTH cjiob, oflHaKO flo chx nop hhkto He CMor co3flaTB xoth 6bi
o/iHy rjiaBy, no^oSHyio rjiaBaM CBHineHHoro KopaHa.
apa6oB, BparoB IIpopoKa MyxaMMa^a M, nbiTajiHCb
COHHHHTb HTO-TO HanOflo6He, HT06bI flOKa3aTb, HTO
MyxaMMafl M He HBjmeTCR hcthkhmm npopoKOM, oflHaico y
hhx HHnero He Bbinuio. 1 Ohh He cmotjih sto c^ejiaTb, ^a^ce
HecMOTpn Ha to, hto KopaH 6bm HBJieH MHpy Ha hx po,o;hom
H3biKe h ^HajieKTe, h Ha to, hto apa6bi b snoxy MyxaMMa^a
M CJiaBHJIHCb CBOHM Heo6bIKHOBeHHbIM rcpacHopenHeM
H yMeHHeM COHHHHTb BeJIHKOJienHbie CTHXH, KOTOpblMH
BocxHmaroTCH ^a^ce HaniH coBpeMeHHHKH.
(3) BH6jieHCKHe npoponecTBa o
npHinecTBHH IIpopoKa MyxaMMa^a M
BH6jieHCKHe npoponecTBa o npHniecTBHH IIpopoKa
MyxaMMa^a M hbjihiotch CBH^eTejibCTBOM hcthhhocth
HcnaMa flJiH Tex jiro^eH, KOTopbie BepnT b Bh6jihio.
B 18-ii rjiane BTopo3aKOHHH MoHcen roBopHT, hto
Bor CKa3aji eMy: "H B03,a;BnrHy hm npopona H3 incjia
(1) Cm. Al-Borhan fee Oloom Al-Quran , Ajib-3apKauiH (Al-
Zarkashy), tom 2, CTp. 226.
■
PATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO ftM IIOHHMAHHfl HC.
#
#
6paTi>eB hx, TaKoro Kan ti>i; .
BjioMcy cjiOBa Moh b ero ycTa
h oh 6ya;eT roBopHTb hm Bee
ito H noBejiHD eMy. H earn
kto He 6y,a;eT cjiyinaTb cjiob
Mohx, ito B03rjiarojiHT
npopoK bo hmh Moe, Tex
H caM npH30By k OTBeTy".
(BTopo3aKOHHe 18:18-19) . 1
H3 3thx ShSjichckhx CTHXOB Mbl MO^CCM c^ejiaTb
BbiBOfl, hto npopoK, ynoMHHyTbiH b 3tom npoponecTBe,
flOJi^ceH o6jiaflaTb cjieflyioiqHMH TpeMH KanecTBaMH.
1) Oh flOJi^ceH 6biTb noflo6eH MoHceio.
2) Oh flOJi^ceH bbihth H3 cpe^bi SpaTbeB cbihob
IfepaHJieBbix, to ecTb co CTopoHbi HcMaHJia, cbiHa
ABpaaivia.
3) Bor flOjraceH bjitokhtb b ycTa 3Toro npopoica cjiOBa
Cboh, h npopoK 6yfleT B03Bem;aTb to, hto Bor 6yo;eT
noBejieBaTb eMy.
PaccMOTpHM 3th TpH xapaKTepHCTHKH 6onee no/];po6HO.
1) IIpopoK, noAo6HbiH MoHceio
TpyzjHO HafiTH flByx flpyrax npopoKOB, KOTopbie
6biJiH 6bi CTOJib cxtokh, KaK MoHceH h MyxaMMafl ft. 06a
OHH nOJiyHHJIH CBblHie CBOfl 6o^CeCTBeHHbIX 3aK0H0B H
npe,znTHcaHHH o Be^eHHH noBce^HeBHOH >kh3hh. 06a
nepe^CHJIH CTOJIKHOBeHHfl CO CBOHMH npOTHBHHKaMH,
oflep^cHBaH no6eRbi caMbiM nyzjecHbiM o6pa30M. 06a
(1) Bee cthxh, npHBeAeHHbie Ha stoh crpaHHue, 6buiH b3hth h
nepeBeAeHbi H3 H3AaHHJi TheNIVStudy Bible, New International
Version ["y^eSHaa EhSjiha. Hobhh MOKAyHapoAHbift
BapnaHT"], 3a HCKJuoneHHeivi Toro (ppameHTa, r#e yica3aH0,
hto TeKCT BhQjihh ash no Bepcnn icopojifl HaKOBa
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOTJCTBO JIflR IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
ra <l» &
Cd H Bj
^ S °
2 s
o
#
6bijih npH3HaHbi npopoKaMH h rocyzjapcTBeHHbiMH
fleHTejiHMH. 06a 6bijih BbiHyjKfleHbi 6e^caTb H3 po^Hbix
KpaeB ot 3aroBopm;HKOB, njiaHHpoBaBHiHx hx y6HHCTBa.
CpaBHHBaH MoHceH h Hncyca, mm He CMO^ceM CKa3aTb, hto
ohh cxo^ch, h y hhx He coBna^aiOT MHorae flpyrae Ba^cHbie
^eTajiH >kh3hh. 3to, HanpHMep, ecrecTBeHHoe 3anaTHe,
co3flaHHe co6cTBeHHOH ceMbH h ecTecTBeHHan CMepTb. Bee
3to npneyme KaK MoHceio, TaK h MyxaMMa^y H, ho HHKaK
He HHcycy. Eojiee Toro, nocjie^OBaTejiH Hncyca noHHTajiH
ero KaK CbiHa Bo^cbero, a He npocTO KaK npopoKa, xoth
MycyjibMaHe CHHTaiOT Hncyca o^hhm H3 caMbix Ba^cHbix h
cnaBHbix npopoKOB h nocjiaHHHKOB. noaTOMy y Hac ecTb
BCe OCHOBaHHH CHHTaTb, HTO 3T0 npopOHeCTBO OTHOCHTCH
k npopoKy MyxaMMa^y M, a He k Hncycy, nocKOJibKy
MyxaMMafl M HMeeT ropa3fl;o 6ojibnie cxo,o;cTBa c MoHceeM,
HeM Hncyc.
KpoMe Toro, KaK cjie^yeT H3 EBaHrejiHH ot HoaHHa,
ApeBHHe eBpeH o^cH^ajiH ocyniecTBJieHHH Tpex
BbmaronjHxcH npoponecTB. nepBoe npoponecTBO o6eniajio
npHniecTBHe XpHera. BTopoe - npHniecTBHe Hjihh. TpeTbe
- npHniecTBHe npopoKa. 3to cjie^yeT H3 Tpex BonpocoB,
3aflaHHbix HoaHHy KpecTHTejiio: "H bot CBH^eTejibCTBO
HoaHHa, Kor^a Hyzjen HepycajiHMCKHe npncjiajin
CBHineHHHKOB h jieBHTOB y3HaTb y Hero, kto oh.
H oh He CMyTHjiCH OTBeiaTb hm, ho o6t>hbhji
otkpi>ito: "H He Xphctoc". H ero cnpocHjin: "Tor^a
kto tm? Tbi Hjihh?" H OTBeiaji oh: "Her". "npopoK
jih ti>i?" H OTBeiaji oh: "HeT"(HoaHH 1:19-21). B
Tex MecTax Bh6jihh, iyje ynoMHHaeTCH cjiobo "npopoK"
(HoaHH l:2l), CCblJIKH yKa3bIBaBDT, HTO 3th CJIOBa HMeiOT
npHMoe OTHonieHHe k npoponecTBy, ynoMHHaeMOMy bo
(1) Cm . npHMenaHPiH Ha nojinx b H3,n,aHHH The NIV Study Bible,
New International Version ["yneSHaa EhSjikh. Hobhh
MeacAyHapoAHbiH BapnaHT"], b craxe 1:21, CTp. 1594.
■
PATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO ftM IIOHHMAHHfl HC.
#
#
BTopo3aKOHHH 18:15 h 18:1s. 1 OTCK>,fl;a mbi mo^ccm
3aKJIK)HHTb, HTO HHCyC XpHCTOC He HBJIHeTCH TeM
npopOKOM, O KOTOpOM TOBOpHTCH BO BTOp03aKOHHH
18:18.
2) H3 HHCJia SpaTteB cbihob HspanjieBbix
y ABpaaMa 6bijio .zusa CbiHa, HcMaHJi h Hcaarc (KHHra
Ebithh, 21). HcMaHJi CTaji npapo^HTejieM apa6crcoro
Hapo^a, a Hcaarc ^aji Hana.no eBpencKOH HairHH. Kate
CBH,o;eTejibCTByeT yace ynoMifflyroe npoponecTBO, hobbih
npopoK flOJi^ceH bbihth He H3 cpe^bi caMoro eBpencKoro
Hapo^a, ho H3 HHCJia 6paTbeB hx, T.e. co CTopoHbi HcMaHJia.
IIo3TOMy MyxaMMafl M, 6yziyHH hotomkom HcMaHJia, Kate
pa3 h HBJixeTCx TeM caMbiM npopOKOM.
KpoMe Toro, HcafiH (Hcaroi 42:1-13) roBopHT o
cjiyre Tocnozja, 06 "H36paHHOM" Ero, o "noanaHHHKe",
KOTopbifi npHHeceT c co6oh 3aK0H. "He ocjia6eeT h
He n3HeMOJKeT ^oKOJie He yTBepAHT Ha 3eMjie
cnpaBe/i^niBOCTH. Ha 3aKOH ero ynoBaTb Gyjsyr
ocTpoBa." (HcaHH 42:4) . Cthx 11 tobopht O TOM, HTO
stot MeccHH 6yfleT H3 po^a Kn^apa. Kto Taicon Kn^ap?
CorjiacHO KHHre Bbithh (KHHra Bbithh, 25:13),
KHflap 6bIJI BTOpBIM CBIHOM HcMaHJia, KOTOpBIH HBJIHeTCH
npe^KOM IIpopoKa MyxaMMa^alt
3) Bor bjiomcht b ycTa 3Toro npopoKa cjiOBa Cboh
CjiOBa Bora (CBHiqeHHBiH KopaH) 6bijih, BOHCTHHy,
BJio^ceHBi b ycTa MyxaMMa^a If. Bor nocjiaji aHrejia
,ZJ)kh6phjih (ApxaHrejia TaBpHHJia) rjir toto, hto6bi
o6yHHTB MyxaMMa^a M TOHHOMy CMbicjiy cjiob Eo>kbhx
(CBHiqeHHBIH KopaH) H flOHeCTH HX flO JIIOfleH B TOM BHfle
KaK oh hx ycjibiniaji. IIosTOMy sth cjiOBa He mobjih 6bitb
co6cTBeHHbiMH cjiOBaMH MyxaMMa,o;a. Oh He BbmyMbmaji
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOTJCTBO fl/M IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
H
5^2
#
hx, ho ohh 6bijih BJio^ceHbi eMy b ycTa aHrejiOM
^^cH6pHJieM (ApxaHrejiOM TaBpHHJiOM). B TeneHHe Bcefi
^ch3hh MyxaMMa^a H h no^ ero Ha6jiiOfl;eHHeM sth cjiOBa
3anoMHHajiHCb h 3anHCbiBajiHCb ero copaTHHKaMH.
KpOMe TOrO, KaK TOBOpHTCfl BO BTOp03aKOHHH, stot
npopoK flOjraceH 6yfleT roBopHTb cjiOBaMH Bora bo hmh
caMoro Bora. Otkpbib CBiinjeHHbiH KopaH, mm ybh^hm, hto
Bee ero cypbi, 3a HCKJironeHHeM 9-H Cypbi, npeflBapinoTCH
hjih HanHHaiOTCH cjieflyionjeH (J)pa30H: "Bo hmh Anjiaxa
(Bora) - MnjiocTHBoro, Mnjiocep^Horo."
Enje OflHO CBimeTejibCTBO (noMHMO npoponecTBa,
ynoMHHyToro bo BTopo3aKOHnn) 3aKJH0HaeTCH b tom, hto
HcaiiH, roBopn o nocjiaHHHKe H3 po^a Kn^apa, ynoMHHaeT
o hoboh necHe (T.e. nncaHHH Ha hobom H3biKe), KOTopan
I 6yaeT BOcneTa rocno^y (HcaHH 42:10-11) . 06 3tom em;e
a, 6ojiee onpe^ejieHHO tobophtch b ^pyroM npoponecTBe
Hcann: "h Ha hhom H3i>iKe 6yjs,eT oh roBopHTb
k Hapo/iy ceMy" (Hcaroi 28:11, Eh6jihh Kopojin
HaKosa). Enje o^Ha B3aHM0CBH3b o6HapyacHBaeTCH b
TOM, HTO Bblflep^CKH H3 KopaHa nOCTeneHHO HBJIHJIHCb
MHpy Ha npoTiDKeHHH flBafliiiaTH Tpex jieT. IIosTOMy oneHb
HHTepeCHO COnOCTaBHTb 3T0T (J)aKT CO CJIOBaMH HcaHH
(28), KOTopbiH TaK roBopHT 06 stom: "H60 bot Kan:
AejiaTb h ^ejiaTb, ^ejiaTb h ^ejiaTb, npasmio 3a
npasHjiOM, npaBHjio 3a npaBHjiOM; HeMHoro 3,o;eci>,
HeMHoro TaM." (Hcann 28:10).
BcnoMHHTe o tom, hto Bor CKa3aji b npoponecTBe,
ynoMHHaeMOM bo BTopo3aKOHHH (18): "H ecjin kto
He 6y,a;eT cjiymaTb cjiob Mohx, hto B03rjiarojiHT
npopoK bo hmh Moe, Tex H caM npH30By k OTBeTy."
(BTopo3aKOHHe, 18:19) . 3to 03HanaeT, hto jik>6oh, kto
BepHT B Bh6jIHBD, flOJKKeH BepHTb B TO, HTO TOBOpHT 3T0T
npopOK H HTO 3T0T npopOK eCTb He KTO HHOH, KaK IIpopOK
MyxaMMa^ M
-
PATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOACTBO JXJIA IIOHHMAHHfl HC.
#
(l) History of the Byzantine State ["Hcropua BH3aHTHHCKoro
rocyAapcTBa"], OcrporopcKHH (Ostrogorsky), crp. 95.
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOTJCTBO JIflR IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
II
(4) Ahtw KopaHa, b KOTopwx 6huiH
npeACKa3aHw co6wthh, ^eiicTBHTejibHO
npoH3onieAiirae no3Hce
OflHHM H3 co6bithh, npeflCKa3aHHbix b KopaHe,
HBJiHeTCH no6efla phmjihh Ha^; nepcaMH b cpoK ot Tpex j\o
fleBHTH jieT nocne Toro, KaK pHMJiime 6bijih no6e^cfleHbi
nepcaMH. Bor TaK roBopHT 06 stom b KopaHe:
^Phmjihhc 6mjih noSeM^eHbi Ha
coce^Heii 3eivuie (no othohichhio
k ApaBHHCKOMy nojiyocTpoBy),
ho, onpaoHBHiHCb nocjie CBoero
nopanceHHH, ohh o,o;epjKaT no6e,ay
b TeqeHne 6ud'a (cpoK ot Tpex #0
^eBHTH jieT)...) (KopaH, 30:2-4)
^aBaHTe nOCMOTpHM, HTO TOBOpHTCH 06 3THX BOHHaX
d* b HCTopHnecKOH jiHTepaType. TaK, b KHHre History of the
Byzantine State ["HcropHfl BH3aHTHHCKoro rocyzjapcTBa"]
roBopHTCH o tom, hto b 613 ro,zry pHMCKaH apMHH noTepnejia
coKpyniHTejibHoe nopa^ceHHe b Ahthoxhh, b pe3yjibTaTe
nero nepcbi CTajiH 6bicrpo npo^BHraTbCH Bnepe^; Ha Bcex
(ppoHTax. 1 B to BpeMH Tpy^HO 6bmo fla^ce Boo6pa3HTb,
hto pHMJiHHe CMoryr no6eflHTb nepcoB, oflHaico b KopaHe
roBopHTCH, hto pHMJiHHe no6eflHT nepcoB b cpoK ot Tpex
flo fleBHTH JieT. B 622 rofly, T.e. nepe3 ^eBHTb JieT nocne
nopa^ceHHH phmjihh, pHMCKan h nepcHflcrcaii apMHH
CHOBa BCTpeTHJIHCb B 6oK> Ha apMHHCKOH 3eMJie, H Ha 3T0T
pa3 pHMJiHHe o^ep^cajiH 6e3oroBopoHHyio no6e,zry Ha,o,
nepcaMH, hto cjiynnjiocb b nepBbin pa3 nocjie nopa^ceHHH
a
Phmjihh b 613 rofly. 1 Bee npoH3oni.no HMeHHO TaK, KaK Eor
npeflCKa3aji sto b KopaHe.
IIomhmo 3Toro b KopaHe ecTb enie MHoro flpyrHx amm,
KOTopbie Hapimy c H3peHeHHHMH npopona MyxaMMa^a
it npeflpeicaiOT co6bithh, KOTopbie ^eHCTBHTejibHO
cjiyHHJiHCb no3^ce.
(5) ^yA^ca, coBepnieHHbie
IIpopoKOM MyxaMMa/jOM j%
IIpopoK MyxaMMafl H coBepnmji MHoro nyzjec
c no3BOJieHHH Bora, h MHoro jno^eH 6buiH TOMy
[ — I CO
CBH,o;eTejiHMH. Bot jiHnib HecKOJibKO npHMepoB:
g. ■ Koiyja HeBepyiomHe H3 MeKKH nonpocHJiH IIpopoKa
MyxaMMa^a it hbhtb hm nyzjo, oh npe^CTaBHJi hm
fa pacKOJiOTyio Ha flBe nacra JiyHy. 2
ZJpyroe nyzjo - sto HCTeneHHe bo^bi Meat najibueB
MyxaMMa^a it, KOiyja ero cnyTHHKH noHyBCTBOBajiH
acaac^y, ho hm 6bijio Henero nHTb, KpoMe He6ojibnioro
KOJiHHecTBa BOflbi b cocyzje. Ohh npHniJiH k HeMy
H CKa3aJIH, HTO y HHX HeT BOflbl, HT06bI COBepniHTb
OMOBeHHe h nonHTb, KpoMe toh, hto 6bma b cocyzje.
MyxaMMafl M nojioacnji cboio pyKy Ha cocyzi, h BO^a
xjibiHyjia y Hero H3-nofl najrbHeB. JIio^h cmoivih h
(1) History of the Byzantine State ["Hcropua BH3aHTHHCKoro
rocyAapcTBa"], OcrporopcKHH (Ostrogorsky), crp. 100-101, a
Tax>Ke History of Persia ["Hctopkh IlepcHH"], CaftKC (Sykes),
tom 1, crp. 483-484. Cm. TaioKe The New Encyclopaedia
Britannica , Micropaedia ["HoBan 9HiiHKJione,zinH
BpHTaHHHKa", MHKponeAHfl], tom 4, CTp. 1036.
(2) 06 3tom cjiy^ae paccKa3MBaeTCH b Saheeh Al-Bukhari , N°
3637, h Saheeh Muslim , N° 2802.
■
PATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOACTBO JXJIA IIOHHMAHHfl HC.
#
#
HanHTbCH, h coBepniHTb OMOBeHHe. A Bcero hx 6bijio
nOJITOpbl TbICHHH HeJIOBeK. 1
IIomhmo 3Toro, oh coBepniHJi MHoro flpyrHx nyzjec, h c
hhm CaMHM hx anynajiocb HeMajio.
(6) IIpocTaH hch3hi> MyxaMMa^a M
Ecjih Mbi cpaBHHM ^cH3Hb MyxaMMa^a H flo Toro, KaK Ha
Hero 6buia B03Jio^ceHa mhcchh npoporca, h nocjie Toro, KaK
oh CTaji npopoKOM, to npn^eM k BbiBO^y, hto MyxaMMa^a
#t HeB03M0>KH0 CHeCTb JDKeHOM, KOTOpblH npOB03rJiaCHJI
ce6ii Etokbhm nocjiaHHHKOM rjix npHo6peTeHHH
MaTepHajibHbix 6jiar, BejiHHHH, cjiaBbi hjih BJiacra.
JXo Hanajia CBoeii npoponecKOH mhcchh MyxaMMa^;
M He HcnbiTbiBaji HHKaKHx MaTepHajibHbix TpyzjHOCTen.
EyayHH ycneniHbiM h yBa^caeMbiM ToproBHeM, MyxaMMa^;
M nojiynaji xoponiHH h BnojiHe flocTaTOHHbiH floxofl.
Ilocjie Hanajia ero npoponecKOH mhcchh h hmchho H3-3a
Hee ero MaTepnajibHoe nojio^ceHHe yxyzjnmjiocb. HTo6bi
pas'bHCHHTb 3to 6ojiee noflpo6HO, flaBairre bchomhhm
BbiCKa3biBaHHH HeKOTopbix jnoflen o ero >kh3hh:
■ Annia (Aa'isha), ^ceHa MyxaMMa^a M, TaK roBopnjia
CBoeMy njieMHHHHKy: "O moh njieMHHHHK, bot yace
TpH^Cflbl Mbi BHfleJIH pO^CfleHHe HOBOH JiyHbl Ha
npoTH^ceHHH 3thx flByx MecHiiieB, ho TaK h hh pa3y He
3a^crjiH oroHb Czyifl npHroTOBJieHHH nHnjH) b flOMax
IIpopoKa If." Toryja njieMHHHHK cnpocHJi ee: "O, Tera,
KaK >Ke bm ^chjih?" OHa OTBeTHJia eMy: "Ha cj)HHHKax h
Bo^e. IIpaBfla, ph^om c IIpopoKOM it >khjih HecKOJibKO
aHcapoB, y KOTopbrx 6biJiH ^OHHbie Bep6jiio,zjHUbi, h
(i) 06 3tom cjiy^ae paccKa3HBaeTCii b Saheeh Al-Bukhari , N°
3576, h Saheeh Muslim , N° 1856.
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOTJCTBO JIflR IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
ohh o6bihho nocbiJiajiH IIpopoKy HeMHoro MOJioica
■ Caxjib h6h Caa,o; (Sahl Ibn Sa'ad), oahh h3
cnoflBH^cHHKOB MyxaMMa^a it, roBopHJi: "IIpopoK
Eo>khh M He 3Haji, hto TaKoe xjie6 H3 6ejiOH MyKH, c
toh nopbi, KaK Bor nocjiaji ero b mhp (icaic npopoKa) h
flO CaMOH CBOeH CMepTH." 2
■ Annia, mena MyxaMMa^a M, roBopHJia: "IIoflCTHJiKa
IIpopoKa it, na KOTopofi oh cnaji, 6buia qzjejiaHa H3
KO)KH H Ha6HTa BOJIOKHOM ct)HHHKOBOH naJIbMbl"." 3
s
■ Amp h6h Ajib-XapHC (Amr Ibn Al-Hareth), qzjhh H3
cnoflBH^cHHKOB MyxaMMa,a;a ^, paccKa3biBaji, hto
^ § | KOiyja IIpopoK M yMep, oh He ocTaBHJi nocne ce6n hh
fleHer, hh Hero-jni6o flpyroro, 3a HCKJHoneHHeM CBoero
6ejioro Myjia, opy^cnn h ynacTica 3eMJiH, KOTopbifi oh
3aBem;aji .zyin SjiaroTBopHTejibHbix Hejiefi. 4
^ BnjiOTb .zjo CBoeH CMepTH MyxaMMa^; it Beji Hejierocyio
^cH3Hb, HecMOTpn Ha to, hto b ero pacnopH^ceHHH
6biJia MycyjibMaHCKan Ka3Ha h b npe^BepHH ero CMepTH
6ojibHiaH nacTb HacejieHHH ApaBHHCKoro nojiyocTpoBa
npHHHJia HCJiaM, a 3a BoceMHa^HaTb jieT nocjie ero mhcchh
MycyjibMaHe, HaKOHeu;, o^ep^cajiH noSe^y.
Bo3mo^cho jih, hto MyxaMMafl M CTpeMHJicn Ha3BaTb
ce6ii npopoKOM .zyin toto, HTo6bi oSpecTH BbicoKoe
nojio^ceHHe b oSniecTBe, Bejinnne h BJiacTb? OrpeivuieHHe
K BblCOKOMy nOJIO^CeHHK) H oSjia^aHHIO BJiaCTbK) 06bIHH0
aCCOD;HHpyeTCH C pOCKOHIHblMH HCTBaMH, KpaCHBOH
Ofle^CflOH, BeJIHHeCTBeHHblMH flBOpUiaMH, Ha^e^CHOH
oxpaHOH h HenpepeicaeMbrM aBTopHTeTOM. Mo^cho jih
(i) Cm. Saheeh Muslim, N° 2972 h Saheeh Al-Bukhari, N° 2567.
(2) Cm. Saheeh Al-Bukhari, N° 5413 h Al-Tirmizi, N° 2364
(3) Cm. Saheeh Muslim, N° 2082 h Saheeh Al-Bukhari, N° 6456
(4) Cm. Saheeh Al-Bukhari, N° 2739 aMosnad Ahmad, N° 17990
-
PATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOACTBO ftM IIOHHMAHHfl HC.
#
(1) Cm . Mosnad Ahmad , N° 25662
(2) Cm. Saheeh Al-Bukhari, N° 676 h Mosnad Ahmad, N° 25517
(3) Cm. Saheeh Al-Bukhari, N° 676 h Mosnad Ahmad, N° 23706
(4) Cm. Mowatta ' Malek, N° 531
(5) Cm. Saheeh Al-Bukhari, N° 3034, Saheeh Muslim, N° 1803 h
Mosnad Ahmad , N° 18017.
(6) Cm. Mosnad Ahmad, N° 12117 viAl-Tirmizi, N° 2754
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOTJCTBO JIflR IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
c
xotb HT0-HH6yflb H3 stoto npHnHcaTb MyxaMMa^y H? Bot
HeCKOJIbKO 3nH30flOB H3 erO >KH3HH, KOTopbie noMoryT
OTBeTHTb Ha 3T0T BOnpOC.
HecMOTpn Ha cboio npoponecKyio mhcchbd, a Tan me
to, hto oh 6bm yHHTejieM , rocy,o;apcTBeHHbiM fleflTejieM
h cyflbefi, MyxaMMafl M caM .zjohji Rosy, 1 niTonaji cboio
o^e^cfly, hhhhji cboio o6yBb, 2 noMoraji BbinonroiTb
flOManiHioio pa6oTy 3 h HaBenjaji 6eflHbix mop,epL, icoryja
Te 6ojiejiH. 4 Oh Taioice noMoraji cbohm copaTHHKaM pbiTb
KaHaBbi, nepeHOCH BMecTe c hhmh necoK. 5 Ero ^ch3hb 6buia
nopa3HTejibHbiM npHMepoM npocTOTbi h ckpomhocth.
IIocjieflOBaTejiH MyxaMMa^a M oneHb jiio6hjih ero,
P B H
yBa^cajiH h BepmiH eMy. H, HecMOTpn Ha sto, oh hoctohhho
noflnepKHBaji, hto noicjioroiTbCH hjokho TOJibKO Bory, ho
He eivry. AHac (Anas), o^hh H3 copaTHHKOB MyxaMMa^a
%, roBopHJi, hto Ha CBeTe He 6bi.no nejioBeica, KOToporo
6bi ohh jiio6hjih 6ojibHie IIpopoKa MyxaMMa^a M, ho,
^ HecMOTpn Ha sto, ohh HHicoiyja He BcraBajiH, Koryja oh
npHXOflHJI K HHM, TaK KaK OH He JII06HJI n0fl06HbIX 3HaK0B
yBa^ceHHH, 6 KOTopbie flpyrae jiio^h oSbihho OKa3biBaiOT
Ba^cHbiM jnmaM.
B caMOM Hanajie CBoen ^ojitoh npoponecKDH mhcchh,
b nepHOfl MyneHHH, TpyzjHOCTeti h npecjieflOBaHHH
MyxaMMa^a M h ero cnoflBH^cHHKOB, k HeMy o6paTHJiCH
nocjiaHeu;ii3biHecKHXBO^cfl;eHyT6a h npeflJio^cHJi: "...Ecjih
tm xonenib .zjeHer, to mm co6epeM hx CTOJibico, hto th
CTaHenib caMbiM 6oraTbiM H3 Hac. Ecjih th xonenib 6biTb
I
3
B
si £ S
mora
Si H Bj
^ S °
#
Bo^c^eM, mbi qzjejiaeM Te6ii HaniHM npe^BOflHTejieM, h hh
o/jHH Bonpoc He 6yfleT pemaTBCH 6e3 TBoero corjiacHH. Ecjih
Tbi xonenib KopojieBCTBa, mbi KopoHyeM Te6ii KaK CBoero
KopcuiH..." B3aMeH ot MyxaMMa^a M Tpe6oBajiacB jihbib
OflHa ycTynKa. Oh .zjojDKeH 6biji npeKpaTHTB npH3BmaTB
jiro^eH k HCJiaMy h noicjiOHeHHio E^HHOMy Eory. He
npaB^a jih, BecBMa co6jia3HHTejiBHoe npeflJio^ceHHe rjix
TOrO, KTO CTpeMHTCH K MHpCKHM 6jiaraM? 3aCTaBHJIO JIH
oho noKOJie6aTBCH MyxaMMa^a H? H ecjin oh otkjiohhji
ero, to He ozjejiaji jih oh 3to b Ha^e^cfle Ha 6ojiee BBiro^Hoe
npeflJio^ceHHe? Bot hto oh cica3aji b OTBeT: { Bo hmh
Ajuiaxa (Bora), MmiocTHBoro, Mmiocep^Horo } H
oh npoHHTaji YT6e nepBbie 38 aHTOB H3 41-H cypbi KopaHa
« Pas^ii CHeHbi». 1 Bot HeKOTopBie H3 hhx:
iXa. Mhm. 3to niicaHHe,
g, HHcnocjiaHHoe Mhjiocthbmm,
MmiocepAHbiM; Ero aHTbi
pa3i>HCHeHi>i b BH^e KopaHa Ha
apa6cKOM H3MKe pjm Tex, kto
cnoco6eH noHHMaib. Oh B03BemaeT
6jiaryio BecTb h npeAOCTeperaeT,
o^HaKo 6ojn>maH iacTi> jhoach He
BHHMaeT easy.} (KopaH, 41:2-4)
B .apyroM cjiynae, OTBenaH Ha npocbSy CBoero flimn
0TKa3aTBCH ot nponoBeflH HCJiaMa, MyxaMMa^ M cica3aji
CO BCeH HCKpeHHOCTBBD H peniHTeJIBHOCTBIO: { O Rami,
KJiHHycb AjuiaxoM, ecjin ohh BjioJKaT cojmue b
npaeyio moio pyKy h JiyHy - b jieByio, hto6m h
OTKa3ajiCH ot nponoBe^OBaHHH HCJiaMa, h Bee
paBHO He OTpeicycb ot 3Toro, nona Ajuiax He .zjapyeT
(i)Al-SerahAl-Nabaweyyah , H6h XnmaM (Ibn Hesham), tom
1, CTp . 293-294.
_:
PATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOACTBO ftM IIOHHMAHHfl HC.
#
#
(1) Al-Serah Al-Nabaweyyah , H6h XemaM (Ibn Hesham), tom
i, ctp . 265-266.
(2) Al-Serah Al-Nabaweyyah , H6h XeuiaM (Ibn Hesham), tom
1, CTp . 298-299
(3) Cm .Al-Daremey , N° 68 h Abu-Dawood , N° 4510.
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOTJCTBO JIflR IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
3TOMy Aejiy no6e,ay, hjih nona h He norn6Hy,
3amrai(afl ero. Y
MyxaMMafl #g h ero HeMHoroHHCJieHHbie
nocjie^OBaTejiH CTpa^ajiH He tojibko ot npecjie^OBaHHH,
npoflOJi^caBniHxcH TpimaflijaTb jieT, ho h ot Tex jiro^eH,
KOTopbie 0TKa3biBajiHCb BepHTb hm h fla^ce HecKOJibKO pa3
nbiTajiHCb y6HTb MyxaMMa^a M- O^hh pa3 ohh nbiTajiHCb
y6HTb ero, 6pocHB eMy Ha rojiOBy 6ojibniyio rjibi6y,
KOTopyio e^Ba mo^cho 6bDio noflHHTb. 2 /JpyroH pa3 ohh
nbiTajiHCb OTpaBHTb ero, flo6aBHB kr eMy b numy. 3 Hto
Morjio onpaB^aTb TaKyio >KH3Hb, nojiHyro CTpa^aHKH h
caMono^cepTBOBaHHH, ^a^ce nocjie Toro KaK oh oflep^caji
nojiHyro no6e,zry Ha^ cbohmh BparaMH? Hto Morjio
oSbflCHHTb erO CKpOMHOCTb H 6jiaropoflCTBO, KOTOpbie OH » I m
npoHBJiHJi b caMbie cjiaBHbie MOMeHTbi ero >kh3hh, Koryja
oh roBopHJi, hto ycnex 6bui flocTHrHyr HCKJiiOHHTejibHO
6jiaro^apH noMomn Bora, ho HHKaK He 6jiaroflapH ero
co6cTBeHHOMy reHHio? Pa3Be sto noxo^ce Ha noBe^eHHe
BJiacTOJiio6HBoro h aroHCTHHHoro nejiOBeica?
(7) OeHOMeHajibHbiii pocT HCJiaMa
B 3aBepnieHHe stoh iviaBbi yMecTHO 6ya;eT npHBecTH
eme o^ho Ba^cHoe CBH^eTejibCTBO hcthhhocth HCJiaMa.
XopODIO H3BeCTH0, HTO B CHIA H BO BCeM MHpe HCJiaM
hbjihctch caMOH Sbicrpo pacnpocrpaHHiomeHCH pejiHraeH.
Bot jiHnib HecKOJibKO noflTBep^cfleHHH STOiviy:
I
#
■ "HcjiaM HBjmeTCR caMoii 6bicTpo
pacnpocTpaHHioiqeHCii pejiHrHeii b AMepHKe,
OpHeHTHpOM H OnJIOTOM CTa6HJIbHOCTH flJIH MHOrHX
jiBD^eH b Haniefi CTpaHe..." (XmuiapH Po,ox3M Kjihhtoh
(Hillary Rodham Clinton), Los Angeles Times ["JIoc-
AH,a;)Kejiec TafiMc"]). 1
■ "MycyjibMaHe npeflcraBJiHiOT co6oh caMyio
6biCTpopacTyin;yEO rpynny HacejieHHH..."
(CTaTHCTHnecKoe fleMorpa4)HHecKoe 6iopo, USA
Today ["K)-3c-9h TyflSH"]). 2
■ "...HcjiaM HBJineTCH caMOH 6bicTpo
pacnpocTpaHHioiqeHCii pejiHraeH b CTpaHe."
(^^cepajibflHHa EayM (Geraldine Baum); pejiHrH03HbiH
o6o3peBaTejib Newsday ["HbroqzjSH"]). 3
■ "HcjiaM, caMaH 6biCTpopa3BHBaionia.HC.H pejiHran b
CoeflHHeHHbix IIlTaTax..." ( ApH JI . TojiflMaH (Ari L.
Goldman), New York Times [" Hbio - Hoprc TaHMC "]. 4
f-H
o
(1) "First Lady Breaks Ground With Muslims", ["IlepBafl Jie%u
noAaeT pyxy MycyjibMaHaM"], Los Angeles Times, ["JIoc-
AHA>Kejiec TauMc"], MecTHbin BbinycK, pySpuxa "Metro",
nacTb B, 31 Maa 1996 r., CTp. 3.
(2) Thmoth KeHHH (Timothy Kenny), "Elsewhere in the World,"
["no Bcewiy Mnpy"], USA Today ["K)-9c-9h Ty«3H"],
HToroBbin BbinycK, pa3AeJi HOBOcren, 17 (peBpajm 1989 r.,
CTp. 4A.
(3) ,H,>KepajibAHHa BayM (Geraldine Baum), "For Love of Allah,"
["PaAH jik>6bu Ajuiaxa"], Newsday ["HbiocAau"], H3AaHne
Pjir Haccay u Ca<p(p0JiKa, Hacrb II, 7 MapTa 1989 r., CTp. 4.
(4) Apu JI. TojiAMaH (Ari L. Goldman), "Mainstream Islam
Rapidly Embraced By Black Americans," ["HaiaM yBJiexaeT
^epHbix aMepHKaHueB"], New York Times , ["Hbio-HopK
TanMc"], Be^epHHH ropoACKon HToroBbin BbinycK, 21
(peBpajia 1989 r., CTp. 1.
■
PATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOACTBO ftM IIOHHMAHHfl HC.
#
3tot c|peHOMeH CBH^eTejibCTByeT o tom, hto HCJiaM
flefiCTBHTejibHO HBJineTCii pejimneH, npHnieflnieH ot
Bora. HeT HHKaKHX OCHOBaHHH CHHTaTb, hto TaKoe
6ojibnioe kojimhcctbo aMepHKaHHeB h jiro^eH H3
.apyrHx CTpaH oSpaTHJiocb b HCJiaM npe^BapHTejibHO He
o6flyMaB cboh mar h He npH^n k BbiBO^y 06 hcthhhocth
HCJiaMa. Cpe^H jiiofleH, o6paTHBnnixc.H b HCJiaM, mtokho
BCTpeTHTb JIIOfleH H3 pa3HbIX CTpaH H COCJIOBHH, JHOfleH
pa3Hbix Hau;HOHajibHOCTeH h o6pa3a >kh3hh. Cpe^H hhx
ecTb yneHbie, npocjpeccopa, 4)HJioco(J)bi, ^cypHajiHCTbi,
nojiHTHKH, arcrepbi h cnopTCMeHbi.
YnoMiiHyTbie b ^aHHOH rjiaBe cJDarcrbi onyacaT jiHHib
HeMHOrHMH CBH^eTeJIbCTBaMH TOrO, HTO KopaH HBJmeTCR
HCTHHHbIM CJIOBOM Bora, HTO MyxaMMafl M .ZjeHCTBHTeJIbHO
6bm npopoKOM, nocjiaHHbiM Botom, h hto HCJiaM
^eHCTBHTejibHO HBJixeTCx pejiHrHefi ot Bora.
#
KPATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOTJCTBO fl/M IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
_:
PATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOACTBO ftM IIOHHMAHHfl HC.
#
Tjiaea 2
HeKOToptie
npeHMym,ecTBa HCJiaMa
HcjiaM flaeT MHoro npeHMymecTB KaK .zyin OTflejibHbix
jiro^eH, TaK h .zyiH o6ni;ecTBa b ijejiOM. B stoh rjiaBe penb
nofifleT o 6jiarax, KOTopbie Ka^c^biH nejiOBeK npHoSpeTaeT,
npHHHMan HCJiaM.
#
(1) BpaTa b BeHHbin pan
Bor CKa3aji b KopaHe:
4(0 MyxaMMa,a;!) 06pa#yH Tex,
KOTopbie ysepoBajiH h sepiirajiH
6jiarne ^eflHM, o tom, ito hm
yroTOBam>i ca,a;i>i, r^e TeKyr peicn..J
(KopaH, 2:25)
BceBbiniHHH TaiQKe cica3aji:
4CocTH3aHTeci> b npHo6peTeHHH
npomeHHH ot Bainero rocno^a
h pan, niJipjiHa KOToporo paBHa
niHpHHe He6a h 3Cmjih. Oh yroTOBaH
jijin ysepoBaBHiHx b Ajuiaxa h Ero
IIOCJiaHHHKOB. 3TO — MHJIOCTb
Ajuiaxa, KOTopyio Oh ^apyeT tcm,
KOMy nosKejiaer. Ajuiax o6jia,a;aeT
BejIHKOH MHJIOCTMO .} (KopaH, 5JI 2l)
IIpopoK MyxaMMafl M coo6iu;hji, hto BepyionjHH,
KOTopbiH 3aHMeT caMyio HH3niyio CTyneHb cpe^H
o6HTaTejieH Pan, nojiyHHT B03Harpa^cfleHHe, KOTopoe b
KPATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOflCTBO JIM nOHHMAHJM HCJIAMA
#
flecHTb pa3 6ojibnie 3eMHoro MHpa, 1 h hto oh hjih OHa
nojiynaT Bee, hto no^cejiaiOT b ,a;ec.HTHKpaTHOM pa3Mepe. 2
KpoMe Toro, IIpopoK MyxaMMa^ H cica3aji: {HsiRb 3Cmjih
b paio jiyqine qeM 3tot Miip co BceM, hto b HeM
ecTb.} 3 Oh me cica3aji: {B Paio ecTb to, hto hh o^ho
oko He BH^ejio, hh o^ho yxo He cjibimajio, h o qeiw
HH OflHH lejIOBeieCKHH yM H nOMMCJIHTb He Mor.} 4
A TaK ^ce CKa3aji: {H bot o^HaM^bi npeACTaHeT npeA
pancKHMH BpaTaMH caMbin HeciacTHMH nejiOBeK
H3 *mcjia Tex, kto y^ocToeHbi 6i.ijih Pan h Tain ero
cnpoorr: "Ci>ih A^aiwa, 6mjio jih b xch3hh tboch
HeciacTbe? CTpa/jaji jih tm ot tjhot 3eMHbix?" H
OH OTBeTHTt "O rOCnO^b, KJIHHyCb BoroM, ito hct!
HnKor^a He 6mjio b Moen 5KH3HH HeciacTbH, h
HHKor^a He CTpa/jaji h ot TnroT."} 5
Ecjih bbi nonafleTe b Pafi, to oSpeTeTe cnacTbe, He 3Han
6ojie3HeH, 6ojih, nenajiH h CMepTH. Bor B03pa,zryeTCfl 3a
Bac, h Bbi npeSy^eTe TaM bchho. Be^b Bor TaK roBopHT b
KopaHe:
iA Tex, KOTopbie ysepoBajiH h
TBopHjiH ,a;o6pi>ie ^ahha, Mm
HaBeiHO BBe^eivi b pancKHe ca/n»i, b
KOTopbix TeicyT peKH..J (KopaH, 4:57)
(1) Cm. Saheeh Muslim, N° 186 h SaheehAl-Bukhari, N° 6571
(2) Cm. Saheeh Muslim, N° 188 h Mosnad Ahmad, N° 10832
(3) Cm. SaheehAl-Bukhari, N° 6568 h Mosnad Ahmad, N° 13368
(4) Cm. Saheeh Muslim, N° 2825 h Mosnad Ahmad, N° 8609
(5) Cm. Saheeh Muslim, N° 2807 h Mosnad Ahmad, N° 12699.
"
PATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO flJIil IIOHHMAHHfl HG/IAMA
#
#
(2) CnaceHHe ot a^CKoro orHH
Bor CKa3aji b KopaHe:
^BOHCTHHy, ot Tex KOTOpbie He
ysepoBajiH HyMepjiH HeBepyioinHMH,
bo HCKyruieHHe rpexoB He 6ya;eT
npHHATO /jance Bee 30jioto 3Cmjih. Hm
yroTOBaHO My*iHTejn>Hoe Haica3aHHe,
h He 6ya;eT y hhx 3acTynHHKOB.^
(KopaH, 3:91)
3eMHaH >KH3Hb - 3T0 e^HHCTBeHHaH B03M0>KH0CTb
3acjiyacHTb Pan h cnacTHCb ot a^CKoro njiaMeHH, h y
Tex, kto yMHpaeT HeBepyiomHM, yace He 6yo;eT ^pyroro
niaHca BepHyrbCH b 3tot mhp, HTo6bi o6paTHTbCH b Bepy.
BceBbiniHHH TaK roBopHT b KopaHe o tom, hto .zjojpkho
cjiyHHTbCH c HeBepyiomHMH b Cy^HbiH JXem>:
^Ecjih 6m ti>i Mor BH,o;eTb hx, Kor^a
ohh npeACTaHyr nepeA a/jCKHM
njiaivieHeM h 6yayT roBopHTb: «0,
ecjiH 6m Hac BepHyrH (b MHpcKyio
jkh3hi>)! Mm He CTajiH 6m OTpHij;aTi>
3HaMeHHH Hamero Tocno^a h
o6paTHjiHci> 6m b BepyioinHx|& (KopaH,
6:27)
HO HHKOMy He 6yfleT flaHO BTOpOH B03M0)KH0CTH.
IIpopoK MyxaMMafl H cica3aji: {Kor^a caMMH
ciacTjiHBbiH ^ejiOBeK Ha 3eMjie H3 Tex, kto
nona^eT b sm, 6ya;eT BBeprHyr b npeHcno^Hioio,
ero cnpocHT: «0 noTOMOK A#aMa, no3Haji jih ti>i
pa^ocTb? Ilepenajio jih Te6e ,a;o6po?» Oh otbctht:
«HeT, TocnoAH! Kjunrycb AjuiaxoM!» } 1
(1) Cm. Saheeh Muslim, N° 2807 h Mosnad Ahmad, N° 12699.
KPATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOflCTBO /yifl nOHHMAHJM HCJIAMA
#
(3) HerHHHoe cnacTbe h
BHyrpeHHHH noKoii
HcTHHHoe cnacTbe h 6jiaronojiyHHe MOiyr Sbitb
o6peTeHbi tojibko 6jiaroflapH iiokophocth TBopuy h
Bceflep^cHTejiio 3Toro MHpa. BceBbiniHHH cica3aji b
KopaHe:
iA pa3se He noMHHaHHeM
Ajuiaxa yTemaiOTCH
cepAUia?^ (KopaH, 13:28)
A tot, kto OTBpanjaeTCH ot
KopaHa 1 , no3HaeT TiDKKyio ^ch3hb
b 3tom MHpe. H60 Ajuiax CKa3aji:
^BOHCTHHy, TOMy,
KTO OTBepHyjICH OT
KopaHa, npe^CTOHT
npOBeCTH HCH3Hb
b THroTax, a b /JeHb
BoCKpeCeHHH Mbl BOCKpeCHM
ero cjienbiM.^ (KopaH, 20:124)
3thm mo^cho o6i>iiCHHTb, noneiviy HeKOTopbie jho^h
coBepniaiOT caMoy6HHCTBO, HecMOTpn Ha MaTepHajibHoe
6jiaronojiyHHe, KOTopoe Moryr .zjaTb fleHbra. BcnoMHHTe
npHMep K3Ta CTHBeHca (renepb ero hmh K)cycp HcjiaM),
KOTopbiH b nponiJiOM 6bui H3BecTHbiM non-HcnanHHTejieM,
3apa6aTbiBaBniHM HHoryja 6ojiee 150 tbichh ^ojuiapoB
3a oflHH Benep. Ilocjie toto KaK oh o6paTHJic.H b HcnaM,
oh o6peji HCTHHHoe cnacTbe h noKOH, KOTopbix He mot
o6pecTH b MaTepnajibHOM 6jiaronojiyHHH. 2
(1) T.e. He BepHT b 3anoBe,ziH KopaHa h He BbinojiHJieT nx.
(2) Ecjih bh xoTHTe oSpaTHTbCii k KaTy CTHBeHcy (K)cy<py
Hcjiawiy) h y3HaTb ero omymeHHflx nocjie oSpameHna
b HCJiaM, bw MO»ceTe HanncaTb eMy no a^pecy: 2 Digswell
Street, London N7 8JX, United Kingdom.
-
PATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO JXJIK IIOHHMAHHfl HG/IAMA
#
(4) IIpoiu;eHHe Bcex paHee
coBepnieHHbix rpexos
Koiyja nejiOBeK npHHHMaeT HCJiaM, Eor nponjaeT Bee
ero nponijibie rpexH h 3Ji0fleHHHH. HejiOBeK no miemi
Amp (Amr) npHineji k IIpopoKy MyxaMMa/iy M h
CKa3aji: "/Jan MHe cboio npasyio pyKy, h h rom Te6e
KjiHTBy BepHoera." IIpopoK M npoTjmyji eMy CBOIO
npaByio pyKy. Ho Amp B^pyr cxcaji cboio pyKy b
KyjiaK. IIpopoK H CKa3aji : ^to cjiymuiocb, Avip?»
Tot OTBeTHji: "H xoiy c^ejiaTb 3to npn o^hom
ycjiOBHH." Tor^a IIpopoK H cnpocmi: «KaKoe
nee 3to ycjiOBHe?» Amp otbcthji: " x 1to6i>i Ajuiax
npocTHji MHe moh rpexH." H IIpopoK H CKa3aji:
«Pa3Be ti>i He 3Haeim>, ito o6pameHHe b HCJiaM
CTHpaeT Bee 6buii>ie rpexn?» 1
OflHaico nocjie o6pameHHfl b HCJiaM nejiOBeK HeceT
0- OTBeTCTBeHHOCTb 3a cboh flo6pbie h 3Jibie flejia, KOTopbie
oh coBepniHT yace SyzjyHH MycyjibMaHHHOM.
(1) Cm. Saheeh Muslim , N° 121 h Mosnad Ahmad , N° 17357
(2) Cm. Mosnad Ahmad , N° 2515 h Saheeh Muslim , N° 131
KPATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOflCTBO /yifl nOHHMAHJM HCJIAMA
IIpopoK MyxaMMafl M cica3aji: «Baui bcjihkhh h J
MoryiHH Tocno^b — caMMH MmiocepAHMH. Ecjih
KTO-JIH60 B03HaMepHTCH COBepiHHTb npaBe^HbiH
T3 !-]
nocTynoK, ho He coBepniHT ero, to 3to 3aiTeTCH «| g
B M
eMy KaK 6jiaro,a;ejiHHe. Ecjih »ce oh coBepniHT ero,
to ero Harpa^a yBejiHiHTCH ot ^cchth #0 ceMHCTa
pa3 h ^ance 6ojiee. Ecjih kto-jih6o B03HaMepHTca
COBepiHHTb CKBepHblH nocTynoK, ho He COBepiHHT
ero, to 3to TaKMce 3aiTeTCH eMy KaK 6jiaro,a;ejiHHe.
A ecjiH oh coBepniHT ero, to 3to 3aiTeTCH eMy KaK
o^ho 3Jio/i;eHHHe hjih 3Ke Ajuiax npocTHT ero» . 2
#
_:
PATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO JXJIK IIOHHMAHPM HG/IAMA
#
Tjiaea 3
OEIIJHE CBE/JEHHJMM
OE HCJIAME
Hto Tanoe HCJiaM?
HCJiaM - 3T0 nOKOpHOCTb H nOBHHOBeHHe
npe^nHcaHHHM BceBbiniHero Anjiaxa, KOTopbie 6bijih
HHcnocjiaHbi IIpopoKy MyxaMMa^y M •
OCHOBM Bepbl
#
b E^HHoro Bora, KOTopoMy
y KOToporo HeT hh cbma, hh
1) Bepa b Bora:
MycyjibMaHe BepnT
HeT HHnero noflo6Horo ;
coTOBapHiqa. Hhkto,
KpoMe Hero, He ^octohh
noKJiOHeHHH. Oh
ecTb HCTHHHbiH Bor,
h HHKaKoro flpyroro
6o^cecTBa, KpoMe
Hero, He cymecTByeT.
Oh o6jia,z]iaeT caMbiMH
BeJIHHeCTBeHHblMH
HMeHaMH H TeKCT 112-ii cypbi KopaHa, HanHcaHHbiM
apaScKOH B\H3BK>.
coBeprneHHbiMH KanecTBaMH. Hhkto .opyroH He MO^ceT
pa3flejiHTb c Hhm Ero cbhtoctb h Ero aTpH6yTbi. Bor TaK
onHCbmaeT b KopaHe Cboio cyrb:
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOflCTBO JXJIR nOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
#
^CKancH: "Oh — Ajuiax E/piHbiii,
Ajuiax CaMo^ocTaToiHbiH; He po^mi
h He 6mji poMf^eH, h hct HHKOrO
paBHoro EMy !"^ (KopaH, 112:1-4)
Bee mojihtbbi, npocb6bi h ppyme o6pimbi noKJiOHeHHH
Heo6xoflHMO oSpanjaTb TOJibico k Bory, h6o hhkto, KpoMe
Hero, He ^octohh noKJiOHeHHH. Jlnnib Bor flBJineTCH
BceMorymHM, Tbophom, IIpaBHTejieM h Bce^ep^cHTejieM
Bcero, hto ecTb bo BcejieHHOH. Oh npaBHT BceM. Oh
He HyHCflaeTCH HH B OflHOM H3 CBOHX TBOpeHHH, ho Bee
coTBopeHHoe Hm 3aBHCHT ot Hero b jhoSbix cbohx Hyacflax.
Oh - BceBHflHiqHH, BcecjibiniamHH h Bce3HaK>mHH.
CaMbiM coBepnieHHbiM o6pa30M Ero 3HaHHe oxBaTbiBaeT
Bee cymee, HBHoe h CKpbiToe, o6iu;ee h nacTHoe. Oh 3HaeT
Bee, hto 6bmo, Bee, hto 6yzi;eT, h KaK 3to cjiynHTCH. Hhhto
bo BceM MHpe He Mo^ceT 6biTb coBepnieHO 6e3 Ero bojih.
To, hto EMy yroflHO, c6biBaeTCH, a to, nero He xoneT Oh,
He c6biBaeTCH h HHicoryja He c6yzi;eTC.H. Ero bojih Bbinie
bojih Bcero cymero. Oh BJiacTByeT Ha^; BceM cymHM,
h Oh BceMorym. Oh - CaMbiii Mhjiocthbbih, CaMbiii
MHJIOCepflHblH H CaMblH ^06pbIH. B OflHOM H3 CBOHX
H3peHeHHH npopoK MyxaMMa^ M CKa3aji, hto Bor 6ojiee
MHJIOCep^eH K CBOHM C03,fl;aHHiIM, HeM MaTb K CBOeMy
peSemcy. 1 Bor npeBbinie HecnpaBeflJiHBOCTH h THpaHHH.
Bo Bcex Ero ^enHHiix h npeflnncaHHiix coKpbiTa Ero
My^pocTb. Ecjih kto-jih6o xoneT nonpocHTb Bora o neM-
to, oh flOJi^ceH o6paTHTbCH HanpHMyio k caMOMy Bory, He
o6pamaiicb k nocpeflHHicaM.
(1) Cm. Saheeh Muslim , N° 2754 h Saheeh Al-Bukhari , N° 5999
KPATKOE HJUIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO JXJIR IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
Eor He ecTb Hncyc, h Hncyc He HBjmeTCR BoroM. 1 ^a^ce
caM Hncyc OTpHHaji sto. Bor TaK idbopht b KopaHe:
^BoHCTHHy, He yBepoBajiH Te,
KOTopbie yTBepHf^aiOT, ito Bor -
3to MeccnH (Hncyc), cmh MapHu".
A sejib MeccnH CKaaaji: "O ci>ihi>i
H3paHjieBbi! IIoKJiOHHHTecb Ajuiaxy,
rocno/jy Moeiviy h BameMy".
BoHCTHHy, Toro, kto npH3HaeT
noMHMO Ajuiaxa jspyrtix 6oroB,
Oh jihiiiht pancKHx ca^OB. Ero
npHCTaHHmeM SyzjeT o^ckhh orom>,
h hhkto He noMOMceT 3a6jrya;iHHM."^
(KopaH, 5:72)
Bor He ecTb CBHTan TpoHua. H60 Bor TaK roBopHT b
KopaHe:
^He BepyiOT Te, KOToptie
^ yTBepn^aiOT, ito Bor — o/^hh H3
tpohhm. HeT 6oMfecTBa, KpoMe
E^HHoro Bora! Ecjih ohh He
OTpeKyTCH OT Toro, 1TO TBepA^T, TO
Tex H3 hhx, KOTopbie He yBepoBajiH,
nocTHrHeT My^HTejibHoe HaKa3aHHe.
HeysKejiH ohh He pacKaiOTCH h He
(1) CorjiacHO cooSmeHHio jioHAOHCKoro areHTCTBa Associated
Press ("AccouiSHTeA npecc") ot 25 hiohh 1984 rona,
SoJIbfflHHCTBO aHrJIHKaHCKHX enHCKOnOB, ynaCTBOBaBLUHX B
TejieBH3H0HH0M onpoce, CKa3ajiH: "XpncTnaHe He o6ii3aHbi
BepHTb b to, mto Hncyc XpncTOC 6hji BoroM". B onpoce
ynacTBOBajiH 31 H3 39 enncKonoB AHrjinn. B 3-tom ace
E
s
cooSuieHHH SbiJio yxasaHO, hto 19 enncKonoB H3 31 3ajn3HJin,
mto AOCTaTOHHO y>Ke Toro, htoSh cnnraTb Hncyca "rjiaBHbiM
npeACTaBHTejieM Bora". /JaHHbin onpoc npoBOnnjica b g ^
paMKax eaceHeAeJibHOH pejinrno3Hon nporpaMMbi "Kpeno"
("Credo") Ha KaHajie London Weekend Television ("JIohaoh
ynxeHA TejieBnacH")
10
#
nonpocHT y Hero npomemiH? Be^b
Ajuiax — npomaiomnH, mhjiocthbmh.
MeccHH, cmh MapHH, - Bcero jihhib
nocjiaHHHK... } (KopaH, 5:73-75)
HcjiaM OTBepraeT KOHHenHHio Toro, hto Bor OT^bixaji
Ha ce^bMOH fleHb TBopeHHH, hto Oh cpa>Kajic.H c ophm
H3 CBOHX aHreJIOB, HTO Oh 3aMbiniJIflJI K03HH npOTHB
HejiOBenecTBa, hjih hto Oh mot bohjiothtbch b Kaicoro-
jih6o nejiOBeKa. HcjiaM Taioice OTBepraeT npHnHCbmaHHe
Bory HejiOBenecKHx KanecTB. Bee sto CHHTaeTCH
6oroxyjibCTBOM. Bor - BejiHHamiiHH. Oh .zjajieK ot bchkoto
HecoBepnieHCTBa. Oh HHKOiyja He ycTaeT. Oh HHKOiyja He
ApeMJieT h HHKOiyja He cnHT.
#
Apa6cKoe cjiobo Aaaox 03HanaeT Bor (eflHHCTBeHHbiH
HCTHHHbiH Bor, co3flaBniHH bcbd BcejieHHyio). 9to cjiobo
Aaaox ecTb apa6crcoe hmh Bora, KOTopoe o^HHaicoBO
Hcnojib3yeTCH KaK apa6cKHMH MycyjibMaHaMH, TaK
H apa6CKHMH XpHCTHaHaMH. 3to cjiobo He Mo^ceT
Hcnojib30BaTbCii flJiH o6o3HaHeHHH HHnero flpyroro,
KpoMe e^HHoro h hcthhhoto Bora. Apa6cKoe cjiobo
Aaaox BCTpenaeTCii b KopaHe npHMepHO 2700 pa3. Ha
apaMeiicKOM H3biKe, kotopmh oneHb 6jih30k k apa6cKOMy
h Ha KOTopoM roBopHJi HHcyc, 1 cjiobo Bor Taioice
np0H3H0CHTCiI "AAAOX".
(1) NIV Compact Dictionary of the Bible ["KapMaHHbift cjiOBapb
ShSjICHCKHX TepMHHOB Ha OCHOBe HOBOH MOKflyHapOAHOH
BepcHH BhSjihh"], /Jyrjiac (Douglas), crp. 42.
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO JlflR IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
#
2) Bepa b aHrejioe:
MycyjibMaHe BepnT b cymecTBOBaHHe aHrejiOB h
b to, hto ohh flBJiHK>TCH co3flaHHHMH Bora. AHTeJIbl
nOKJIOHiHOTCH OflHOMy TOJIbKO Boiy, nOflHHHHIOTCil EMy H
fleHCTByiOT Jinnib no Ero BOJie. K HHCJiy aHrejiOB othochtch
h JXmn6pivib (raBpHHJi), KOTopbiH nepe,o;aji cjiOBa KopaHa
MyxaMMa^y M ■
3) Bepa b BoMcecTBeHHBie nucamra:
MycyjibMaHe BepnT b to, hto Bor HHcnocbuiaji cbohm
nocjiaHHHKaM CBHDieHHbie nHcaHRH KaK ^OKasaTejibCTBO
HCTHHHOCTH HX MHCCHH H pyKOBOflCTBO flJLH JIIOfleH.
IIOCJieflHHM H 3aKJIIOHHTeJIbHbIM nHCaHHCM HBJIHeTCH
CBHDieHHbiH KopaH, KOTopbiH 6bui HHcnocnaH IIpopoKy
MyxaMMa^y M- Bor 3am;HTHJi KopaH ot jno6brx HCKa^ceHHH
h H3MeHeHHH. Bor TaK cica3aji 06 3tom:
^BoHCTHHy, Mm HHcnocjiajiH Te6e
HanoMimaHiie (KopaH), h Mm ero
oxpaiweM J (KopaH, 15:9)
4) Bepa b fioHCbux npopoKOB h nocjiamraKOB :
MycyjibMaHe BepnT b npopoKOB h nocjiaHHHKOB
Bora, nepBbiM H3 KOTopbix 6biJi A^aM, a nocjie Hero
k jhorhm npHxoflHJiH Hofi, ABpaaM, HcMaHJi, HcaaK,
HaKOB, MoHcefi h Hncyc. IIocjieflHee me nocjiaHHe
Bora KOTopoMy HaflJie^cajio no^TBepflHTb HCTHHHOCTb
npeflbiflymnx nocjiaHHH, 6biJio HH3BefleH0 IIpopoKy
MyxaMMa^y %. MycyjibMaHe BepnT, hto MyxaMMa^ M
HBJiHeTCH nocjieflHHM npopoKOM, nocjiaHHbiM BoroM k
HejiOBenecTBy. Bor cica3aji:
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOflCTBO JXJIR nOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
^MyxaMMa/i; He hbjihctch othom
hh o^Horo H3 BaniHx MysiroHH. Oh
- IIocjiaHHHK Bora h nocjie,OHHH H3
npopoKOB... }> (KopaH, 33:40)
MycyjibMaHe BepiiT b to, hto Bee npopoKH h nocjiaHHHKH
6bUIH JIIOflbMH H He o6jia,fl;aJIH 6o^CeCTBeHHbIMH
KanecTBaMH.
5) Bepa b Cy^Hfeiii /Jem*:
MycyjibMaHe BepnT b CyzjHbiii Heat CZJeHb
BocKpeceHHH), icoiyja Bee jho^h Syzjyr BOCKpenieHbi ,zyia
Toro, HTo6bi npe^CTaTb nepe^ BoroM Ha cyzj, htoSm Oh
B03flaji hm 3a hx flypHbie h Sjiarae .zjejia.
#
6) Bepa b BoHcecTBeHHoe npe,a,onpe,a,ejieHHe:
MycyjibMaHe BepHTBBo^cecTBeHHoenpeflonpeflejieHHe.
OflHaKO Bepa b Bo^cecTBeHHoe npeflonpeflejieHHe coBceM He
03HanaeT, hto jho^h jiHHieHbi cboSo^hoh bojih. Hao6opoT,
MycyjibMaHe BepnT, hto Bor .zjaji jho^hm CBo6o,zry bojih.
JIk>,z];h Moryr caMH BbiSnpaTb Me^c^y njioxHM h xoponiHM
h Hecyr OTBeTCTBeHHOCTb 3a cboh Bbi6op.
Bepa b Bo^cecTBeHHoe npeflonpeflejieHHe 03HanaeT
Bepy b neTbipe cjie,zryiOH];Hx nocTyjiaTa: 1) Bor 3HaeT Bee. Oh
3HaeT, hto 6biJio. h hto SyzjeT; 2) Bor 3anHcaji b xpaHHMOH
CKproicajffl Bee, hto npoH30H#;eT BnjiOTb ro CyzjHoro ^hh;
3) npoHCxo^HT TOJibKO to, hto yroflHO Bory, h hhhto
He MO^ceT npoH30HTH noMHMO Ero bojih; 4) Bor ecTb
Co3flaTejib Bcero cymero.
KPATKOE HJL/IIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO JXJIR IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
CymecTByiOT Jin Apyrae hctohhhkh
peJIHrH03HOrO 3HaHHH, KpoMe
KopaHa?
JX&. BTOpbIM HCTOHHHKOM HCJiaMa HBJIXeTCX cyHHa (t.c
to, hto IIpopoK MyxaMMa^ M roBopmi, .zjejiaji hjih oflo6pHJi) .
Cl/HHa COCTOHT H3 XaflHCOB, KOTOpbie npeflCTaBJIHIOT
co6oh flocTOBepHbie paccKa3bi cho,o;bh)khhkob IIpopoKa
MyxaMMa^a M o tom, hto oh roBoptui, .zjejiaji hjih
Oflo6pHJi. Cynna xBjmeTCx o^hhm H3 KJnoneBbix momchtob
HCJiaMCKoro BepoyneHHH.
HeKOTopbie H3peHeHHJi IIpopoKa
MyxaMMa^a M
■ {BepyioinHe no CBoeii jho6bh,
^ cocTpa,o;aTejii>HOCTH h ,a;o6poTe Apyr k Apyry
noAo6Hbi e^HHOMy opraHH3My: ecjin o/^hh
opraH 6ojieeT, to h see Tejio CTpa/jaeT ot
Scccohhhhm h xcapa. } 1
■ {CaMbie jiy*mine H3 BepyioinHx Te, kto BMine
.apyrnx CBoeii Mopajibio. H nepBbie cpe/jH
hhx Te, kto jiy*mie Bcex othochtch k cbohm
HceHaM.} 2
■ {Hhkto h3 Bac He ysepyeT (nojmocTbio), noKa
He B033KejiaeT jijin CBoero 6paTa Toro nee, ito h
.zjjih caMoro ce6n. } 3
(1) Cm. Saheeh Muslim, N° 2586 h Saheeh Al-Bukhari, N° 6011
(2) Cm . Mosnad Ahmad , N° 7354 viAl-Tirmizi , N° 1162
(3) Cm . Saheeh Al-Bukhari , N° 13 h Saheeh Muslim, N° 45
KPATKOE HJUHOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOflCTBO /yifl nOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
#
{Mnjiocep/jHbie jno/jn 6y/jyr y/jocToeHbi
MHJIOCTH BceMHJIOCTHBOrO. Ey/JbTe MHJIOCTHBbI
k TeM, kto Ha 3eMjie, n Ha^ BaMH cmhjiocthbhtch
Tot, kto Ha He6e. Y
{ Ecjih tm yjii>i6aemi>CH 6paTy csoeMy, to 3to
y»fe 6jiaro,a;eHHHe... } 2
{ /Jo6poe cjiobo - 3to yiKe Sjiaro^enHHe. } 3
{ Tot, kto BepHT b Bora h b IIocjieAHHH /Jem>
(Cy^HbiH /Jem>), ^ojiMceH ^ejiaTb ,o;o6po CBoeMy
coce,ay. } 4
{ Bor cyzjHT Bac He no BHenmeMy BH,oy h He no
6jiarococTOHHHK), ho cmotpht Ha BaniH cep,a;na
h cmotpht Ha BaniH .zjejia . } 5
{ 3amiaTH pa6oTHHKy ero 3apa6oTOK, npe^K/je
qeM BbicoxHeT noT ero. } 6
{ O^hh leroBeK, 6yay*iH b nyrn, noiyBCTBOBar
CHjibHyio JKaiK/iy. /Joh/jh ro KOJio,o;na, oh
cnycTHjiCH b Hero, Hannjicn boah h npoAOJisKHji
cboh nyri>. BcKope oh yonder co6aicy,
KOTopan jiH3ajia rpH3i>, nbiTancb yrojiHTb
McaMc,ay. HeroBeK nojiymsui: "3Ta co6aKa TaK
Mce MyqaeTCH ot xcax^bi, Kan h h coBceM
He^aBHo". H oh CHOBa cnycTHjiCH b KOJio,a;en,,
HanojiHHji bo^oh cboh) Tycpjuo h j^sui co6aKe
HanHTbca. Ajuiax OT6jiaro,a;apHji ero h npocraji
ero rpexH. } Jlio^a cnpocnjiH IIpopoKa H: "O
(1) Cm. Al-Tirmizi, NQ 1924 u Abu-Dawood, NQ 4941
(2) Cm. Al-Tirmizi, NQ 1956
(3) Cm. Saheeh Muslim, NQ 1009 h Saheeh Al-Bukhari, NQ 2989
(4) Cm. Saheeh Muslim, NQ 48 h Saheeh Al-Bukhari, NQ 6019
(5) Cm. Saheeh Muslim, NQ 2564
(6) Cm. Ibn Majah, NQ 2443
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO JlflR IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
nocjiaHHHK Bora, 6y,a;eT jih Haai B03flaaHHe 3a
,a;o6poTy k skhbothmm?" Oh otbcthji: " /Jo6poe
OTHomeHHe ko BceMy iKHBOMy He ocTaHeTCH
6e3 B03HarpaMf,a;eHHH". y
Hto roBopHT HCJiaM o Cy^HOM Rue?
KaK h xpHCTHaHe, MycynbMaHe BepnT, hto 3eMHan
^ch3hb ecTb jiHnib HcnbiTaHHe h npHroTOBJieHHe k
cjieflyioiqeH >kh3hh. JXjih. Ka^c^oro nejiOBeica 3eMHan
^cH3Hb cny>KHT npoBepKOH nepefl )KH3HbK> nocne CMepTH.
HacTaHeT .zjeHb, Koiyja bch BcejieHHan SyaeT pa3pynieHa,
h MepTBbie BOCKpecHyr, htoSbi npe^CTaTb nepe^
BceBbiniHHM. 3tot .zjeHb CTaHeT HanajiOM hoboh >kh3hh,
kotopoh He oyzjeT Komja. 3to h ecTb CyzjHbiH JXem>. B
3tot fleHb Bor B03flacT Ka^cflOMy no ero Bepe h .zjejiaM. Kto
yMep, SyzrynH MycyjibMaHHHOM, to ecTb Bepyn b to, hto hct
W HHnero h HHKoro flocTOHHoro noKJiOHeHHH, KpoMe Anjiaxa,
h MyxaMMafl -Ero nocjiaHHHK, tot 6ya;eT B03Harpa^cfleH b
3tot fleHb h SyzjeT BnymeH b Pan .zyin BenHoro npe6biBaHHH
B HeM.
BceBbiniHHH CKa3aji:
iA Te, KOTopbie yBepoBajin h tbophjih
6jiarne Aejia, 6yjsyr Be^HbiMH
oSHTaTejiHMH pan .} (KopaH, 2:82)
Ho tot, kto yMep, TaK h He yBepoBaB b to, hto HeT
HHnero h HHKoro flocTOHHoro noKJiOHeHHH, KpoMe Anjiaxa,
h MyxaMMafl -Ero nocjiaHHHK, h He CTaji MycyjibMaHHHOM,
tot jihhihtch Pan HaBeKH h SyzjeT OTnpaBJieH ropeTb b
AflCKOM orae:
(1) Cm. Saheeh Muslim, N° 2244 h Saheeh Al-Bukhari, N° 2466
s
o
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO JlflR IIOHMMAHIW HCJIAMA
W
#
#
^Kto CTaHeT HCKaTb hhoh pejiHrHH
noMHMO HCJiaMa, ot Toro HHqero He
6ya;eT npHHATO, h b 6yziymeH >kh3hh
oh OKaMceTCH b iHCJie noTepneBHiHx
y6biTOKj (KopaH, 3:85)
BceBbiniHHH Taioice CKa3aji:
^BOHCTHHy, ot Tex, KOTOpbie He
yBepoBajiH HyMepjiH HeBepyiomHMH,
bo HCKyruieHHe rpexoB He 6yzjeT
npHHATO ^aiKe Bee 30jioto 3Cmjih. Hm
yroTOBaHO My*iHTejn>Hoe HaKa3aHHe,
h He 6ya;eT y hhx 3acTynHHKOB.|s
(KopaH, 3:91)
Kto-to MO^ceT cnpocHTb: "il CHHTaio HCJiaM xopomeH
pejiHraeft, onHarco ecjiH n o6pamycb b HCJiaM, moh
6jiH3KHe, npy3bn h npyrae jiio^h Gyzryr ynpeKaTb Meroi h
HacMexaTbCH Ha^o mhoh. IIosTOMy Mory jih n bohth b Pan
h cnacTHCb ot Ana, He o6pam,ancb b HCJiaM?"
Otbctom Ha sto HBJimoTCR cjiOBa BceBbinmero:
^"Kto CTaHeT HCKaTb pejinrHH
noMHMO HcjiaMa, ot Toro HHqero He
6ya;eT npHHATO, h b 6yaym;eH skh3hh
oh OKaMceTCH b iHCJie noTepneBHiHx
y6biTOK."^ (KopaH, 3:85)
Ilocjie Toro KaK Bor OTnpaBHJi IIpopoKa MyxaMMana M
npH3biBaTb jnonen k HCJiaMy, Oh He npHHHMaeT HHKaKOH
hhoh Bepbi. Bor - Hani Co3naTejib h Bcenep>KHTejib. Oh
cotbophji n/ra Hac Bee cymee Ha 3eMJie. Bee Sjiara, KOTopbie
mm HMeeM, hbjihiotch MHJiocTbio Bora. IIoaTOMy bchkhh,
kto 0TKa3biBaeTcn yBepoBaTb b Bora, npH3HaTb IIpopoKa
MyxaMMana M h npHHHTb HCJiaM, 3acny>KHBaeT Haica3aHHH
b 6yn,ym,eH >kh3hh. B neHCTBHTejibHoera, Ba^cHennieH
Hejibio coTBopeHHn jiioneH HBJineTCH noKJiOHeHHe enHHOMy
KPATKOE HJUIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO JXJIR IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
#
Bory, KaK cica3aji 06 stom BceBbiniHHH: «H coTBopmi
^HHHOB H JHO^eH TOJIbKO AJIH TOrO, 1To6l>I OHH
nOKJIOHHJIHCb MHO) (51:56) .
Hania 3eMHaii ^ch3hb oneHb KopoTKa. B CyzjHbiH
JXem> Bee HeBepHbie CKa^cyr, hto ohh cjiobho npo6buiH b
stom MHpe jiHnib .zjeHb hjih .zja^Ke nacTb rhx. BceBbiniHHH
CKa3aji:
iAjuiax cnpocHT: "Ckojimco jict
npeSbiBajiH bi>i Ha 3eMjie?" Ohh
OTBeTHT: "Mbl npo6bL7IH fleHb HJIH
*mcTi> ero..."|s (KopaH, 23:112-113)
AjiJiax TaK ^ce cica3aji:
^HeyMcejiH bm nojiarajin, hto Mm
coTBopHjiH sac pa/Hi 3a6aBbi h
hto bm He npeAcraHeTe nepe^o
Mhoio? AjiJiax npesBiiue bchkhx
HeAOCTaTKOB. Oh - Bjia^MKa
HCTHHHMH, KpOMe KOTOpOrO HCT
HHoro 6oMcecTBa..J (KopaH, 23:115-116)
CpaBHHBan 3eMHyio ^ch3hb c 6yzryiii;eH >KH3Hbio,
IIpopoK MyxaMMa^ §§ CKa3aji: {9tot mhp b cpaBHeHHH c
SyzrymeH )KH3Hbio no^oSeH TOMy, hto ocTaeTCH Ha BanieM
najibue ,Kory];a bbi onycKaeTe ero b Mope h BbiHHMaeTe
orryzja.} 1 ^pyrHMH cjiOBaMH, 3tot mhp b cpaBHeHHH c
SyzrymeH ^ch3hbio - Bee paBHO hto HecKOJibKO Kanejib boabi
B CpaBHeHHH C HeJIbIM MopeM.
(1) Cm. Saheeh Muslim , N° 2858 h Mosnad Ahmad , N° 17560
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOflCTBO JXJIR nOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
KaK CTaTb MycyjibMaHHHOM?
#
HT06bI npHHHTb HCJiaM H CTaTb
MycyjibMaHHHOM^ocTaTOHHO npocTO CKa3aTb c Bepofi: "JIa
luiaxa u/iAHJi/iax, MyxcuMAtadyp pacymojviax". 3th
onoBa 03HaHaiOT cjieflyEomee: "HeT hhoto HCTHHHoro
6ora, KpoMe Bora (Ajuiaxa), 1 h MyxaMMaA Ero
nocjiaHHHK." IlepBaii nacTb stoto H3peHeHHH - "HeT
hhoto HCTHHHoro 6ora, KpoMe Bora" - 03HanaeT, hto
HHKOMy Hejib3H noKJiOHHTbCH, KpoMe E^hhoto Bora, H
hto y Bora HeT hh coTOBapHma, hh cbma. HtoSm 6biTb
MycyjibMaHHHOM, nejiOBeK ^oji^ceH TaioKe:
■ BepHTb B TO, HTO CBiHIjeHHblH KopaH HBJIHeTCH CJIOBOM
Bora, HHcnocjiaHHbiM Ero npopoicy;
■ BepHTb b to, hto CyzjHbiH ^eHb CZJeHb BocicpeceHHfl)
peajieH h o6fl3aTejibHO HacTynHT, KaK Bor noo6em;aji
3to b KopaHe;
H3peHeHHe Ha^ bxo^om raacirr: "HeT HHoro HCTHHHoro 6ora, KpoMe
Bora (A/uiaxa) h MyxaMMafl - Ero nocjiaHHHK.
(l) Kax y>Ke roBopujioch paHee, apaScxoe cjiobo Aaaclx
nepeBOAHTCii Kax Bor (t.c EAHHCTBeHHbiH Hcthhhhh
Bor, co3AaBuiHH bcio BcejieHHyio). Bee apaSw Ha3HBaiOT
Bora Aaaoxom, He3aBHCHM0 ot Toro, hbjihk>tch ohh
MycyjibMaHaMH hjih xpHCTnaHaMH.
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO JlflR IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
#
■ npHHHTb HCJiaM KaK cbok) pejiHraio;
■ He noKJiOHHTbCH HHneMy h HHKOMy, KpoMe Bora.
IIpopoK MyxaMMafl it cica3aji: {Kor^a lejiOBeic
KaeTCH h B03Bpam;aeTCH k Bory, Oh npnHHMaei
3to c 6ojii>meii paAOCTbio, neyKejin kto-jih6o H3
sac, BHOBb o6peTH b nycTbiHe CBoero Bep6jno,a;a.
Bot iejiOBeK e^eT iepe3 nycTbnno Ha Bep6jno,a;e, h
B^pyr tot y6eraeT ot Hero co BceMH 3anacaMH e,a;i>i
h nmbH, h yjKe hct Ha/jeH^M HaHTH ero. HejiOBeK
no^xo^HT k ^epesy h jiojkhtch b tchh ero (onoi^aH
CMepTH), h6o HCT HHKaKOH Ha/jeH^M BepHyTb
BepSjuo^a, h HeT npe^ejia OTqaaHHio lejiOBeKa.
H B^pyr nepe,a; hhm noHBjraeTCH ero Bep6jno,o;, h
oh xBaTaeT ero 3a y3,ay h kpiwht ot pa/jocTH: "O
Bonce, Tbi moh pa6, a h Tboh rocno,a;i>!" H6o TaK
BejiHKa paAOCTb ero, ito nyTaeT oh cjiosa.} 1
O neM roBopHTCH b KopaHe?
KopaH HBJineTCH nocjieflHHM Bo^cecTBeHHbiM
OTKpoBeHHeM, HBJieHHbiM 3T0My MHpy. KopaH
TJiaBHblH HCTOHHHK BepOyHeHHH HCJiaMa H COflep^CHT
b ce6e npe^nHcaHHH, o6ii3aTejibHbie ,zyia Ka^c^oro
MycyjibMaHHHa. B HeM 3aTparHBaK>TCH Bee cropoHbi >kh3hh
jHOflefi: BepoyneHHe, noKJiOHeHHe, HopMbi OTHonieHHH
Me^cfly jiioflbMH h t.,zl, oflHaKO rjiaBHoe, o neM roBopHTCH
b KopaHe, - B3aHMOOTHonieHHH Me^cfly BoroM h Ero
co3flaHHHMH. B to me BpeMH KopaH COflep^CHT yKa3aHHH
h noflpo6Hbie npaBHJia ycTpoficTBa cnpaBeflJiHBoro
o6niecTBa, npaBmibHoro noBefleHHH nejiOBeica h
CnpaBeflJIHBOH SKOHOMHHeCKOH CHCTeMbl.
(l) Cm. Saheeh Muslim, N° 2747 h SaheehAl-Bukhari, N° 6309.
s
o
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO JlflR IIOHMMAHIW HCJIAMA
W
#
IIoMHHTe, hto KopaH 6bDI
HHcnoanaH MyxaMMa^y H Ha
apa6cKOM H3biKe. IIosTOMy
jik)6oh nepeBOfl KopaHa Ha
aHrJIHHCKHH HJIH KaKOH-
jih6o flpyroH h3bik He
HBJixeTCx hh KopaHOM, hh .zja^e BepcHeH
KopaHa, ho jihiiib nepeBO^OM ero cmbicjiob. KopaH
cynjecTByeT tojibko Ha apa6crcoM H3biKe, Ha kotopom oh
6bDI HBJieH MHpy.
#
Kto TaKoii IIpopoK MyxaMMaA M ?
MyxaMMafl M poflmicn b Meiace b 570 ro^y. IIocKOJibKy
ero OTeu; yMep enje ro ero po^cfleHHH, a MaTb CKOHnajiacb
BCKope noane ero noHBJieHHH Ha CBeT, oh BOcnHTbiBajicn
CBOHM flimeH, KOTOpblH npOHCXOflHJI H3 3HaTH0r0 roieMeHH
Kypamn. MyxaMMa^ M Bbipoc Heo6pa30BaHHbiM h bhjiotb
MeneTB IlpopoKa MwaMMafla H b Me^HHe
flo caMOH CMepTH He yvieji hh HHTaTb, hh nncaTb. JItorh,
KOTopbie ero OKpyacajiH ro Toro MOMeHTa, KOiyja Ha Hero
6bma B03Jio)KeHa mhcchh npopona, coBceM He 3HajiH HayK
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO JlflR IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
h b 6ojibniHHCTBe CBoeM 6buih HerpaMOTHbiMH. Kor^a
MyxaMMafl M Bbipoc, oh o6peji onaBy npaB^HBoro, necTHoro,
BepHoro, BejiHKOflyniHoro h HCKpeHHero nejiOBeKa.
Oh BHyniaji jhorhm TaKoe flOBepne, hto ohh Ha3biBajiH
ero Ajib-Amhh, to ecTb 6yKBajibHO "sacjiyHCHBaioiqHH
flOBepHn". 1 MyxaMMa^ H Bceiyja Haxo^HJiCH b noHCKe
HCTHHbl H C paHHHX JieT HeHaBHfleJI HflOJIOnOKJIOHCTBO H
nopoHHbie HpaBbi, HapHBnme b ero o6m;ecTBe.
B B03pacTe copoKa JieT MyxaMMa^ M nojryHHJi CBoe
nepBoe OTKpoBeHHe ot Bora nepe3 ApxaHrejia TaBpHHJia.
Bo^cecTBeHHbie OTKpoBeHHH HHcnocbmajiHCb eMy b
TeneHHe .zjBaflHaTH Tpex JieT h H3BecTHbi bo BceM MHpe KaK
CBHmeHHbiH KopaH.
KaK TOJibKO oh Hanaji npoB03rjianiaTb KopaH h
nponoBeflOBaTb hcthhy, KOTopyio OTKpbm eMy Bor,
oh h HeSojibnian rpynna ero nocjie^OBaTejieH CTajiH
noflBepraTbCH roHeHHHM co CTopoHbi HeBepHbix.
^ IIpeCJieflOBaHHH 6bIJIH HaCTOJIbKO )KeCTOKHMH, HTO B 622
rofly Bor noBejieji hm nepecejiHTbCH b .opyroH ropofl.
C MOMeHTa hx HCxo,a;a H3 MeKKH b Me^HHy, KOTopan
HaXOflHTCH Ha paCCTOHHHH 418 KM K CeBepy OT MeKKH, H
HanHHaeTCH MycyjibMaHCKHH KajieH^apb.
Hepe3 HecKOJibKO JieT MyxaMMa^ M h ero
noaneflOBaTejiH cmotjih BepHyrbCH b Metacy, ryje ohh
npocTHJiH cbohx BparoB. Eiqe flo toto KaK MyxaMMa^ H
yviep b B03pacTe HiecirmecHTH Tpex JieT, SojibHian nacTb
ApaBHHCKoro nojiyocTpoBa CTajia MycynbMaHCKOH, a nepe3
CTOJieTHe noane ero CMepTH HCJiaM .zjocTHr HcnaHHH Ha
3anafle h KnTan Ha BOCTOKe. Cpe^H ocHOBHbix npHHHH
TaKoro 6biCTporo h MHpHoro pacnpocTpaHeHHH HCJiaMa
6bIJIH npaBflHBOCTb H HCHOCTb 3T0T0 yHeHHfl. HcjiaM
npH3biBaeT BepHTb b E^HHoro Bora, kotopmh oahh TOJibKO
flOCTOHH nOKJIOHeHHH.
(1) Cm. Mosnad Ahmad, N° 15078
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOflCTBO ft/Ifl nOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
IIpopoK MyxaMMafl H hbhji co6oh npHMep necTHoro,
cnpaBeflJiHBoro, MmiocepflHoro, cocTpa^aTejibHoro,
Beprioro h CMejioro nejiOBeKa. HecMOTpn Ha to, hto oh 6biji
nejiOBeKOM, oh 6biji jiHnieH CKBepHbix KanecTB, npHcynjHx
o6biHHbiM moRXM, h Bee, hto oh .zjejiaji, oh .zjejiaji jiHHib bo
hmh Bora h pa^H Harpa^bi b 6yzryiiieH >kh3hh. Bojiee toto,
bo Bcex cbohx .zjejiax h nocTynKax oh Bceiyja noMHHJi o Bore
H 6bIJI 6oro60H3HeHHbIM.
#
KaK pacnpocTpaHeHHe HCJiaMa
noBjiHHjio Ha pa3BHTHe HayKH?
HcjiaM yHHT nejiOBeKa npaBHJibHO Hcnojib30BaTb cboh
HHTejuieKT h cnoco6HOCTH. Bcero jihhib nepe3 hcckojibko
flecHTKOB jieT nocjie Hanajia CBoero pacnpocTpaHeHHH
HCJiaM flaJI MOHJHblH HMnyjIbC B03HHKH0BeHHK> BeJIHKOH
HHBHJiH3aHHH, cocTaBHOH HacTbio KOTopofi CTajiH yHe6Hbie
3aBefleHHH. Chhtc3 3anaflHbix h boctohhbix H^eH, ^peBHHx
h coBepnieHHO hobbix mbicjich cnoco6cTBOBaji 6biCTpoMy
pa3BHTHK) MeflHHHHbl, MaTCMaTHKH, (J)H3HKH, aCTpOHOMHH,
reorpac|)HH, apxHTercrypbi, HCKyccTBa, JiHTepaTypbi
h hctophh. MHorae ocHOBonojiaraiODiHe HaynHbie
TeopHH, BKJiroHaH ajire6py, apaScrcne hhcJdpbi h TeopHio
HyjiH (HMeBniyro KJironeBoe 3HaneHHe .zyin pa3BHTHH
MaTCMaTHKH) 6bIJIH 3aHMCTB0BaHbI CpeflHeBeKOBOH
EBpOnOH H3 MyCyJIbMaHCKHX
CTpaH. MycyjibMaHaMH
6buiH H3o6peTeHbi TaKHe
ano^cHbie npH6opbi, KaK
acTpojiii6HH, KBa^paHT, a
TaroKe cocTaBJieHbi noflpo6Hbie
HaBHrau;HOHHbie KapTbi,
KOTopbie .zjajiH eBponeHu;aM
B03M0^cH0CTb coBepniaTb flOJirHe nyTeniecTBHH h ^ejiaTb
reorpac|)HHecKHe otkpbithh.
KPATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO JlflR IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
#
AcTpojia6Hii. OflHH H3 HanSojiee
Ba>KHbix Hay^Hbix npn6opoB,
C03flaHHMX MyCyjIBMaHCKHMH
yqeHbiMH, KOTopbifi nmpoKO
Hcnojn>30Bajicji Ha 3anafle BnjioTb ^o
HOBoro BpeivieHH.
,^4 & Ij^ felto i^-^kiyi^'
^■ft^gl 1 WUi&SU pii&v:
jj ^ j- j 5 & -5 a z ^ j,
?.n a b a s ■& a u o & sj. i
MycyjibMaHCKHe Bpann yzjejuuiH 6ojibinoe BHHMaHHe xnpyprHH h
H3o6pejIH MHOHCeCTBO XHpyprHHeCKHX HHCTpyMeHTOB. HeKOTopbie
H3 HHX H3o6pa5KeHbI B 3TOH flpeBHeft pyKonHCH.
KaK MycyjifaMaHe othochtch k HHcycy?
MycyjibMaHe yBa^caiOT h noHHTaiOT Hncyca (mhp eMy).
Ohh CHHTaiOT ero o^hhm H3 BenHHamimx nocjiaHHHKOB
Bora. B KopaHe roBopHTcn o ero HenopoHHOM 3anaTHH;
o,a;Ha H3 cyp KopaHa Ha3biBaeTCH "MapuaM" (MapHn). B
KopaHe TaK roBopHTca o po^c^eHHH Hncyca:
KPATKOE HJUHOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOflCTBO /yifl nOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
-
B
a
w
o
cd
M
U
td
3
3
to
o
#
#
^Bot CKa3a/iH aHrejibi: «0 Maproi!
BoHCTHHy, Ajuiax coo6maeT Te6e
paAOCTHyio BecTb o cjiose CBoeM,
HMH KOTOpOMy — MeCCHH Hncyc,
cmh MapnH. Oh 6ya;eT noiHTaeivi h
b 3tom, n b 6yaymeM MHpe h 6yo;eT
OAHHM H3 npH6jIHHCeHHbLX. Oh
6yo;eT pa3roBapnBaTi> c jho,zi;i>mh b
kojimScjih n 6yay»m B3pocjn>iM. Oh
CTaHeT O.0HHM H3 npaBe,0;HHKOB».
OHa CKasajia: «rocno,a;H! Kan momcct
6mti> y MeHfl pe6eHOK, ecjin mchh
He KacajiCH MyjK*mHa?» (AHreji)
CKa3aji: «Bce TaK h 6y,o;eT!» Ajuiax
BepmHT to, ito noiKejiaeT. Kor^a Oh
pemaeT, to tobopht: «Eyo;i>!» - h oho
c6biBaeTCH».^ (KopaH, 3:45-47)
Hncyc poflHJicii Hy^ecHbiM o6pa30M no BOJie Bora, Kaic
b CBoe BpeMH Oh cotbophji Azjaivia, y KOToporo He 6bijio
OTua. Bor TaK tobopht 06 3tom:
^BoHCTHHy, Hncyc npe,a; AjuiaxoM
no/i;o6eH A/jaiviy. Oh cotbophji ero H3
npaxa h eicasaji eMy: «Eyo;i>!» - h tot
bo3hhkJ (KopaH, 3:59)
IIponoBeflyii 6o^cecTBeHHoe OTKpoBeHHe, Hncyc
cotbophji MHoro nyzjec. B CBiinjeHHOM KopaHe tobophtch,
hto Hncyc cica3aji:
i u R npHmeji k BaM co 3HaMeHHeM
ot Bamero TocnoAa. H coTBopio BaM
H3 tjihhm noAoSne nmi^bi, no,ayio
Ha Hero, h no BOJie Ajuiaxa oho
npeBpaTHTCH b nTHiry. C no3BOJieHHH
Ajuiaxa h 6yoy ncijejiHTb cjieni>rx h
npoKaMceHHbix, omchbjihtb yconmnx
KPATKOE HJUHOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO JXJIR IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
h noBe^aio BaM o tom, ito bi>i e/jHTe
h qeM bm 3anacaeTeci> b cbohx
AOMax..."^ (KopaH, 3:49)
MycyjibMaHe y6e^cfleHbi, hto Hncyc He 6biji pacrorr.
^eHCTBHTejibHO, Bpara Hncyca 3a,oyMajiH pacroiTb ero,
OflHaico Bor cnac ero h B03Hec k Ce6e. BHeniHOCTb Hncyca
nanyHHJi o/jHH H3 ero yneHHKOB. Bpara Hncyca cxBaTHJiH
ero h pacrouiH, pyMax, hto sto Hncyc. BceBbiniHHH
CKa3aji:
C..OHH TOBOpHT: «BOHCTHHy, MM
y6min MeccHio, d>ma Mapnn,
nocjiaHHHKa Ajuiaxa». Ho ohh He
y6min ero h He pacmuin, a 3to jihihb
noKa3ajioci> hmJ (KopaH, 4:157)
#
MeneTb AjiB-AKca b HepycajiHMe.
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOflCTBO JXJIR nOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
H MyxaMMa,o; M, h Hncyc npHimiH b mhp He pjin Toro,
hto6bi H3MeHHTb ocHOBHoe yneHHe o Bepe b E^HHoro Bora,
nepe^aHHoe ^pyrHMH npopoKaMH, 6biBniHMH ro hhx, ho
rjix Toro, hto6bi noflTBepflHTb h o6HOBHTb ero. 1
#
(l) MycyjibMaHe TaioKe Bepirr b to, hto Bor otkpmji Hncycy
CBJimeHHoe nncaHHe MhOmu/i, HeKOTopwe nac™ KOToporo ao
chx nop coxpaHHJiHCb b Hobom 3aBere b BH^e HacraBJieHHH
Bora Hncycy. OAHaxo 3to He osHanaeT, mto MycyjibMaHe
npHHHMaiOT b KanecTBe CBJimeHHoro nncaHHii Ty BhSjihio,
KOTopaa cymecTByeT ceroAHJi, nocKOJibKy OHa He RBJineTCR
noAJiHHHbiM nHcaHHeM, otrphthm BoroM. EnSjieHCKHe
nncaHHii npeTepnejiH mhoto H3MeHeHHH h AonojiHeHHH,
a HeKOTopwe nac™ BhSjihh Shjih yTpaneHbi. K 3T0My
>Ke BbiBOAy npHHiJiH MJieHbi KoMHTeTa, ocymecTBJiflBmero
npoBepxy Ceaw,eHH0U Eu6auu (IlepecMompeHHcm
cmaHdapmHan eepcim). 9tot Komhtct coctojdi h3 TpHAuara
AByx yneHbix. HjieHbi KOMHTeTa y^HTbiBajiH saMenaHHH h
peKOMeHAau,HH KoHcyjibTaTHBHoro coBeTa, cocTOflmero H3
niiTHAeciiTH npeACTaBHTejieft B3aHMOconpHKacaiOHj,Hxcii
pejiHrH03Hbix HanpaBJieHHH. B npeAHCJiOBHH k CemiJ,eHH0U
Eudnuu (IlepecMompeHHan cmcmdapmHasi eepcxm)
MJieHbi KoMHTeTa npH3HajiH: "B HeKOTopbix cjiynaiix
oneBHAHO, hto npn nepeAane TeKcra nocjieAHHH npeTepneji
H3MeHeHHii, h hh OAHa H3 BepcHH He MO>KeT noMOHb b ero
nOJIHOL,eHHOM BOCCTaHOBJieHHH. B 3T0M H3AaHHH Mbl M05KCM
pyKOBOACTBOBaTboa jiHHib HaHSojiee KOMneTeHTHbiivra
MHeHHilMH OnblTHblX SorOCJIOBOB, HTOSbl C MaKCHMaJIbHO
B03MO>KHOH TOMHOCTbK) BOCCTaHOBHTb HCXOAHbffl TeKCT".
B Apyroft ^acTH Toro >Ke npeAHCJiOBHH MJieHbi KoMHTeTa
npH3HajiH: "B tckct BmnoneHbi npHMenaHKH, KOTopwe
yKa3bIBaK)T Ha 3HaHHTeJIbHbie pa3HOHTeHHJI, H3MeHeHHJI,
AonojiHeHHii hjih ynymeHKH, HMeiomHeca b ApeBHHx
HCTOHHHKax (MaT 9.34; Map 3.16; 7.4; Jlyx 24.32, 51 h AP-)-"
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO JXJIK IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
#
Hto HCJiaM roBopHT o TeppopH3Me?
HanaM - 3to pejiHrHH MHJiocep^HH, KOTopan OTBepraeT
TeppopH3M. BceBbiniHHH CKa3aji:
tAjuiax He 3anpemaeT BaM hbjihtb
Apy^«ejiio6He h cnpaBe,zjjiHBOCTi> k
TeM, KTO He CpaMCajICH C BaMH H3-3a
Bepbl H He H3rOHHJI BaC H3 BaiHHX
iKHjiHin;. BoHCTHHy, Ajuiax jiio6ht
cnpaBeA^iHBbixJ (KopaH, 60:8)
IIpopoK MyxaMMafl M 3anpeiu;aji cbohm BOHHaM
y6HBaTb ^ceHiqHH h .zjeTeH 1 h HacTaBJiHJi hx: {...He
npe^aBaHTe, He H3JiHHiecTByHTe h He ySnBaHTe
HOBopoMc^eHHbix.} 2 Oh me CKa3aji: {Bchkhh, kto
y6i>eT ^ejiOBeKa, 3aiOHOiHBmero ^oroBop c
MycyjibMaHaMH, He noiyeT .zjaJKe 3anaxa pan,
HecMOTpn Ha to, ito oh pacnpocTpamieTCH Ha
paccTOHHHe, paBHoe copoKa ro^aM nyrH. } 3
KpoMe Toro, IIpopoK MyxaMMa^ #g 3anpeTHJi
HaKa3aHHe orHeM. 4
Oh Ha3Baji y6hhctbo btopbim b hhcjic caMbrx th^ckhx
rpexoB. 5 Bojiee Toro, oh npeflynpe^cflaji, hto {...nepBMM,
o qeiw jho^h 6yayT cnpomeHbi b CyzjHMH Rem*,
6yo;eT npojiHTan KpoBb. 6 } 7
MycyjibMaHe .zjojPKHbi npoiiBJiHTb flo6poTy b tom
HHCJie H K )KHBOTHbIM H He HMdOT npaBa npHHHHHTb HM
6ojib. IIpopoK MyxaMMafl M cica3aji: { EyzjeT xceHiuHHa,
(1) Cm. Saheeh Muslim, N° 1744 h Saheeh Al-Bukhari, N° 3015.
(2) Cm . Saheeh Muslim, N° 1731 h Al-Tirmizi, N° 1408
(3) Cm . Saheeh Al-Bukhari, N° 3166 h Ibn Majah, N° 2686
(4) Cm . Abu-Dawood, N° 2675
(5) Cm . Saheeh Al-Bukhari, W 6871 h Saheeh Muslim, W 88
(6) 9to 03HaHaeT ySuHCTBO h HaHeceHne yBe^HH
(7) Cm. Saheeh Muslim, N° 1678 h Saheeh Al-Bukhari, N° 6533
KPATKOE HJIJHOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOflCTBO /yifl nOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
#
KOTopan 6y,a;eT Hana3aHa 3a to, ito .zjepHcajia
B3anepTH KoniKy ro Tex nop, noKa KoniKa He
yviepjia. H3-3a Hee OHa oKanceTCH b a/iy. OHa
He KopMHjia h He nomia ee h He BMirycicajia ee
nOKOpMHTbCH 3KHBHOCTMO Ha 3CMJIC.} 1
Oh Taic^ce coo6ih;hji o nejiOBeice, KOTopbiH rzji HanHTbCH
co6aKe, yMnpaionjeH ot maox/yipi, 3a hto Bor npocTHJi eMy
ero rpexH. JItorh cnpocnjiH IIpopoKa M- "IIocjiaHHHK
Bora, HeyacejiH B03flacTCH HaM 3a flo6poTy k ^khbothbim?"
H oh CKa3aji: { /Jo6poe OTHomeHHe ko BceMy HCHBOMy
He ocTaHeTCH 6e3 B03Harpa3K#eHHH. } 2
KpoMe Toro, jiHnian >kh3hh ^khbothoc rjir Toro, hto6bi
ynoTpe6HTb ero b nHiuy, MycyjibMaHe .zjojDKHbi .zjejiaTb
3T0 TaK, HT06bI npHHHHHTb eMy KaK mtokho MeHbnie
CTpa^aHHH h CTpaxa. IIpopoK MyxaMMa^ M cica3aji:
{Kor^a bm y6nBaeTe jkhbothoc, Aejiairre sto
caMbiM m;a l zHHi];HM o6pa30M. 3aTO*mTe cboh hoxc,
HTo6m yMeHbHIHTb CTpa^aHHH MCHBOTHOrO. } 3
Ha OCHOBaHHH 3THX H flpyTHX HCJiaMCKHX HOpM MO)KHO
c^ejiaTb BbiBO,o;: jiio6bie .zjeHCTBHfl, KOTopbie BcejiniOT
yacac b 6e33am;HTHbix Jiroflefi hjih npHBO^iiT k nojmoMy
pa3pynieHHio 3flaHHH hjih yHHHTO^ceHHio HMynjecTBa,
B3pbIBbI, KOTOpbie KaJienaT HeBHHHblX My>KHHH, JKeHHJHH H
fleTen, a Taioice Bee flpyrne noflo6Hbie fleHCTBHH 3anpem;eHbi,
OTBepraroTCH h ocy>K,z];aiOTC.H HCJiaMOM h hcthhhbimh
MycyjibMaHaMH. MycyjibMaHe HcnoBeflyiOT pejiHrnio MHpa,
MHJiocepflHH h nponjeHHH, h noflaBJiiiioiqee 6ojibniHHCTBO
hx He HMeeT HHnero o6m;ero c arcraMH HactuiHH, KOTopbie
HeKOTopbie jiio,z];h CBH3biBaiOT c MycyjibMaHaMH. Ecjih kto-
jih6o h3 MycyjibMaH coBepniHT arcr Teppopa, 3tot nejiOBeic
6yfleT BHHOBeH b HapynieHHH 3aK0H0B HCJiaMa.
(1) Cm. Saheeh Muslim, N° 2422 h Saheeh Al-Bukhari, N° 2365
(2) Cm. Saheeh Muslim, N° 2244 h Saheeh Al-Bukhari, N° 2466
(3) Cm. Saheeh Muslim, N° 1955 h Al-Tirmizi, N° 1409.
KPATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO JXJIK IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
#
IF
IIpaBa HejiOBena h cnpaBeAJiHBoerb
b HCJiaMe
HcjiaM npe^ocTaBJiiieT nejiOBercy mhcdkcctbo npaB.
Hroice npHBO^HTCH HeKOTopbie H3 3thx npaB nejiOBeKa, Ha
3amHTe KOTOpblX CTOHT HCJiaM.
>KH3Hb H C06CTBeHH0CTb
Bcex rpa^c^aH b HCJiaMCKHx
rocyzjapcTBax CHHTaiOTCH
HenpHKOCHOBeHHblMH,
He3aBHCHM0 OT Toro,
HBJIXeTCX HeJIOBeK
MycyjibMaHHHOM
HJIH HeT. HcjiaM
Taioice 3am;Hm;aeT
necTb nejiOBeKa. TaK,
HanpHMep, b HCJiaMe
3anpem;aeTCii ocKop6jiHTb
hjih HacMexaTbCH Hafl .zjpyrHMH.
IIpopoK MyxaMMafl M CKa3aji: { BoHcraHy, Bauia KpoBb,
Bauie HMymecTBO h Bauia lecrb HenpHKocHOBemibi.} 1
PacH3M Taroice ocyac^aeTCH HCJiaMOM. KopaH
npoB03rjianiaeT paBHonpaBHe jnoflen:
«fO, JIIO^h! BOHCTHHy, Mbl coTBopmin
Bac MjacqiiHaMH 11 ateHiipfflaMH,
CAejiajiH Bac Hapo^aMH h
iuieMeHaMH, ^;a6i>i bm y3HaBajin Apyr
Apyra. CaMbie noiHTaeMbie AjuiaxoM
cpe/i;n Bac - caMbie 6jiaro*iecTHBi>ie. 2
BoHCTHHy, Ajuiax — 3HaK>mnH,
CBeAymHH.^ (KopaH, 49:13)
(1) Cm. SaheehAl-Bukhari, N° 1739 h Mosnad Ahmad, N° 2037
(2) Bjiaro^ecTHBhiH nejiOBeK - 3to BepyromHH, kotopmh He
coBepmaeT rpexoB h coBepmaeT AoSpwe Aejia, KOTopwe
npeAnHcaji HaM Eor, KOTopbm Sohtch h jiioSht Bora.
KPATKOE HJUHOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOrjCTBO HJIR nOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
I
ft
£ Cd
to
o
#
#
HcjiaM He npH3HaeT npeBOCxo^CTBa onpeflejreHHbix
jiro^eH hjih uejibix Hapo^OB H3-3a hx 6oraTCTBa, BJiacra
hjih pacoBOH npHHaflJie^cHOCTH. Bor cotbophji jiro^eH
paBHbiMH, h ohh OTJiHHaroTCH .zjpyr ot flpyra jiHHib chjioh
CBoefi Bepbi h 6jiaroHecTHeM. IIpopoK MyxaMMa^ M CKa3aji:
{ O jhoah! y Bac oahh Bor h oahh npapo,o;HTejii>
(A#aM). Apa6 HiweM He jry*mie Heapa6a, a
Heapa6 HiweM He jry*mie apa6a. EejiMH HmeM
He npeBoexoAHT nepHoro, a iepHMH HmeM He
npeBoexoAHT 6ejioro, 1 KpoMe KaK b 6jiaroiecTHH.} 2
OflHa H3 rjiaBHbix npo6jieM, c kotopoh CTOJiKHyjiocb
ceroflroi HejiOBenecTBO, - sto pacH3M. Pa3BHTbie CTpaHbi
MOiyr nocjiaTb nejiOBeKa Ha JlyHy, ho He MOiyr qzjejiaTb
TaK, HTo6bi jiioflH nepecTajiH HeHaBH^eTb h yHHHTO^caTb
cbohx coce^eH. OflHaico co BpeMeH IIpopoKa MyxaMMa^a
it hpkhm npHMepoM Toro, KaK mcdkho npeo,o;ojieTb pacH3M,
HBJixeTCx HCJiaM. E^cero^Hoe najiOMHHHecTBO b MeKKy
(xadDK) HBJIXeTCX npHMepOM HCTHHHOrO HCJiaMCKOrO
6paTCTBa, o6beflHHiHoiu;ero npeflCTaBHTejien Bcex pac h
HapoflOB. Okojio flByx mhjijihohob MycyjibMaH co Bcero
MHpa npHSbiBaiOT e^cero^HO b MeKKy, HTo6bi coBepniHTb
naJIOMHHHeCTBO.
HcjiaM
CKa3aji:
3to pejiHrHH cnpaBeflJiHBOCTH. BceBbiniHHH
^BoHCTHHy, Ajuiax bcjiht BaM
B03BpanjaTb Bjiajj;ejn>u;aM HMynjecTBO,
KOTopoe 6i>ijio AOBepeHO BaM, h bcjiht
cy^HTb jnoAen no cnpaBeAJTHBOcra.
KaK npeKpacHO to, qeM ysenjeBaeT
Bac Ajuiaxl} (KopaH, 4:58)
(1) D,BeTa kojkh, ynoMHHaeMbie b 3-tom Hspe^eHHH IIpopoKa,
npHBOA-HTca jiHinb Run npHMepa. 9th cjiOBa noKa3HBaiOT,
HTO B HCJiaMe HHKTO He MOJKeT B03BbICHTbCJI HaA AP}THM
H3-3a onpeAeJieHHoro UBeTa kojkh, 6yAb OHa Sejioft, nepHOH,
KpacHoft hjih jiioSoro Apyroro UBeTa.
(2) Cm. Mosnad Ahmad, N° 22978
KPATKOE HJUHOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO /yifl IIOHHMAHHfl HG/IAMA
#
BceBbiniHHH Taioice CKa3aji:
C..H nocTynaHTe no cnpaBeAJiHBOcra.
BoHCTHHy, Bor jik)6ht cnpaeeA-
jiHBbixJ (KopaH, 49:9)
Mbi .zjojPKHbi 6biTb cnpaBe^JiHBbiMH fla^ce c tcmh, Koro
mm He jik>6hm, TaK KaK BceBbiniHHH CKa3aji:
iO Te, KOToptie ysepoBajiH!
By^bTe ctohkh pa/n* Ajuiaxa h
CBH^eTejibCTByHTe 6ecnpHCTpacTHO,
h nycTb Bauia HeHaBHdb k
KOMy-jin6o He Be^eT Bac k
npHCTpaeraio. By^bTe npnBep3KeHi>i
cnpaBe/i^iHBOCTH, n6o OHa 6jimKe k
6oro6oH3HeHHOCTH» .} (KopaH, 5:8)
IIpopoK MyxaMMa^ M cica3aji: {O jhoah!
OcTeperaHTeci> HecnpaBeAJiHBoera, 1 n6o Hecnpa-
^ Be^jiHBOCTb o6epHeTCH MpaKOM b Cy^HbiH Rem*. }
Te )ice, kto 6bm jinnieH cbohx npaB (T.e. Toro, Ha
HTO OHH BnpaBe 6bDIH paCCHHTblBaTb) B 3eMH0H )KH3HH,
nojiynaT hx b Cy^HbiH JXem>, KaK CKa3aji IIpopoK M- { B
Cy^Hbra /Jem> npasa 6yoyT BOSBpaiueHM TeM, kto
^ojiMceH o6jia,a;aTi> hmh no npasy... } 3
CTaTyc HceHin;HHbi b HCJiaMe
HcjiaM paccMaTpHBaeT }KeHiu;HHy, KaK 3aMy>KHioio, TaK
h He3aMy^Hioio, KaK ncmHonpaBHoro nenoBeKa, HMeiomero
s
w
o
a
2
npaBO BJia^eTb h pacnopjDKaTbcn CBoeii co6cTBeHHOCTbio
(1) T.e. npHTecHeHHii flpyrux, HecnpaBe,zyiHBbix ,n,eHCTBHH hjih § ^
npuMHHeHHJi Bpe^a ApyrHM. s g
(2) Cm. Musnad Ahmad, N° 5798 h Saheeh Al-Bukhari, N° 2447.
(3) Cm. Saheeh Muslim, N° 2582 h Musnad Ahmad, N° 7163.
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO JlflR IIOHMMAHIW HCJIAMA
I M
#
#
h cpeflCTBaMH 6e3 BCflrcoro BMeniaTejibCTBa co ctopohm
(Syflb 9to ee OTeu;, mjok hjih jiio6oh flpyroH HejiOBerc). OHa
HMeeT npaBO norcynaTb h npo^aBaTb,
flapHTb noflapKH h saHHMaTboi m^
6jiaroTBopHTejibHOCTbio, a Tatoice
pacxoflOBaTb cboh fleHbra, KaK OHa
CHHTaeT Hy^cHbiM. BpaHHbiii flap,
flaHHbiH HeBecTe ^kchhxom, HeBecTa
MO»:eT Hcnanb30BaTb rjih. cbohx
co6cTBeHHbix qejieii. OHa ocTaBJineT 3a
co6oh fleBHHbio (JjaMHJimo h He SepeT (J)aMHJiHio My^ca.
HcjiaM nooiupiieT flo6poe OTHonieHHe Myaca k ^ceHe,
Beflb IIpopoK MyxaMMafl M cica3aji: {Jly*maie H3 Bac Te,
KOTopbie jiyqine othochtch k cbohm aceHaM. } 1
MaTepH noHHTaiOTCH b HcjiaMe oneHb BbicoKO. HcjiaM
npH3biBaeT nocTynaTb c hhmh caMbiM jiynniMM o6pa30M.
OflHH ^ejiOBeK npmneji k Ilpopoicy MyxaMMa/jy
M h cnpocHJi: "O IIocjiaHHHK Bora! Kto H3
jiiOAeH 6ojiee Bcero 3acjiysKHBaeT Moero ,o;o6poro
OTHOineHHfl?" IIpopOK H OTBeTHJi: «Tboh MaTb».
Torfl,a 3tot HejiOBeK cnpocnji: "A kto 3aTeM?"
IIpopoK M OTBeTHji: «3aTeM tboh MaTi>». ^ejiOBeK
BHOBb cnpocnji: "A kto 3aTeM?" IIpopoK M bhobb
OTBeTHji: «3aTeM tboh MaTi>». H HejiOBeK CHOBa
cnpocnji: "A kto 3aTeM?" IIpopoK M CKa3ar: «3aTeM
tboh OTeu;». 2
CeMbfl b HCJiaMe
(1) Cm. Ibn Majah, N° 1978 h Al-Tirmizi, N° 3895
(2) Cm. Saheeh Muslim, N° 2548 h SaheehAl-Bukhari, N° 5971.
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO JlflR IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
#
B Hanie BpeMH Ha6jnoflaeTCH TeHfleHij;HH k
pa3pynieHHio ceMbH, KOTopan HBJixeTCR rjiaBHbiM
ajieMeHTOM uHBHJiH3auHH. B HCJiaMCKOH ceMbe npaBa
My^ca, ^ceHbi, .zjeTeH h poflCTBeHHHKOB c6ajiaHCHpoBaHbi
h ypaBHOBenieHbi. Tanan ceMbH BOcnHTbiBaeT b nejiOBerce
3a6oTy no OTHonieHHio k flpyrHM, BejiHKO,zryniHe h
jiio6oBb. Mhp h 6e3onacHOCTb, uapiimHe b craSHJibHOH
ceMbe, ijchhtch oneHb bbicoko, h sto CHHTaeTcn o^hhm H3
Ba^cHeHniHx (JjarcropoB .zryxoBHoro pocTa hjichob ceMbH.
TapMOHHHHbiH o6m;ecTBeHHbiH ctpoh co3flaeTCH TaM, iyje
cymecTByiOT 6ojibniHe ceMbH, h TaM, ryje ^opo^caT .zjeTbMH.
KaK MycyjibMaHe 3a6oTHTCH o
noHCHjibix?
B HCJiaMCKHx CTpaHax bbi pe^KO BCTpeTHTe "flOMa
npecTapejibix". 3a6oTa o no^cHJibix poflHTejinx b caMoe
TpyflHOe flJIH HHX BpeMH )KH3HH CHHTaeTCfl HeCTbK),
cnacTbeM h bosmcokhoctbio .zryxoBHoro pocTa. B HCJiaMe
HeflOCTaTOHHO TOJIBKO MOJIHTBCH O CBOHX pOflHTeJIHX, Mbl
flOJDKHbl OTHOCHTbCH K HHM C 6e3rpaHHHHOH JIK>60BbIO,
naMHTyn o tom, hto KOiyja mm 6buiH 6ecnoMoni;HbiMH
fleTbMH, ohh ^cepTBOBajiH co6oh pa^H Hac. MycyjibMaHe
oco6eHHO noHHTaiOT cbohx MaTepen. Koryja poflHrejiH
b MycyjibMaHCKHx ceMbHx flocraraiOT npeKJiOHHoro
B03pacTa, hx po^Hbie othochtch k hhm c MHJIOCepflHeM,
fl06p0T0H H SeCKOpblCTHOCTbBD.
B HCJiaMe 3a6oTa o poflHTejinx ctoht Ha btopom MecTe
nOCJie MOJIHTBbI B HHCJie Ba^CHeHHIHX 06iI3aHH0CTeH
MycyjibMaHHHa, h poflHrejiH BnpaBe o^cH^aTb 3Toro.
CHHTaeTCH HeflOCTOHHbIM BbIKa3bIBaTb KaKoe-JiH6o
pa3flpa^ceHHe, Koiyja c poflHTejiHMH CTaHOBHrcn cjio^cho
o6DiaTbCii, nocKOJibicy b stom hct hx bhhbi.
BceBbiniHHH roBopHT:
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOflCTBO JXJIR nOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
^Tboh Tocno^b npe^nHcaji BaM He
noioiOHHTbCH HHKOMy, KpoMe Hero,
h 6i>iTi> ,o;o6pi>iMH no OTHonieHHio
K pO^HTejIHM. ECJIH O/^HH H3
poAHTejieii hjih 06a ^ocTHrHyr
npeioiOHHoro B03pacTa, to He roBopn
C HHMH Cep^HTO, He BOpiH Ha HHX H
oSpamancH k hhm yBaiKHTejii>HO.
OceHHH HX KpMJIOM CMHpeHHH no
Mmiocep/nno cBoeMy h roBopn:
«Tocnojs,n\ IIoMHjiyH hx, Be^b ohh
BbipaCTHJIH MeHfl pe6eHKOM."^
(KopaH, 17:23-24)
#
IlHTb CTOJinOB HCJiaMa
IlHTb CTOJinOB HCJiaMa COCTaBJIHIOT OCHOBy
)KH3HH MyCyJIbMaH. K HHM OTHOCHTCH CBHfleTeJIbCTBO
Bepbi, MOJiHTBa, 3CLKam (no^cepTBOBaHHe b nojib3y
Hyac^aioiqHxcH), nocT b TeneHHe Mecima PaMa^aH h
OflHH pa3 B )KH3HH naJIOMHHHeCTBO B MeKKy flJIH Tex, KTO
cnoco6eH sto qzjejiaTb.
1) CeH^eTejifcCTBO Bepi»i:
CBH^eTejibCTBO Bepbi - 3to npoH3HeceHHe c Bepon cjiob:
«JIh wwxa uAJWJViax MyxcuMAtadyH pacymojviax»
3Ta (J)pa3a 03HanaeT: "HeT 6ora, KpoMe Bora
(Ajuiaxa), h MyxaMMa/j — nocjiaHHHK Bora". IlepBaH
nacTb stoh (J)pa3bi - "HeT 6ora, KpoMe Bora" - 03HanaeT,
hto Hejib3H noKJiOHHTbCH HHKOMy, KpoMe EflHHoro Bora,
h hto y Bora HeT hh coTOBapHHja, hh cbma. 3tot chmboji
Bepbi Ha3biBaeTCH uiaxada. 3th npocTbie cjiOBa .zjojDKHbi
SbiTb CKa3aHbi c rjiySoKHM ySe^c^eHHeM .zyin toto, htoSm
nejiOBeK mot o6paTHTbCH b HCJiaM. CBH^eTejibCTBO Bepbi
KPATKOE HJUIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO JXJIR IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
- 3T0 OflHH H3 CaMblX Ba^CHblX CTOJinOB HCJiaMa.
2) MojiHTBa:
MycyjibMaHe coBepniaiOT mojihtby hhtb pa3 b p,em>.
Ka^cflan MOJiHTBa .zjjihtch Bcero HecrcojibKO MHHyT.
MojiHTBa b HCJiaMe ycTaHaBJiHBaeT npHMyio cbh3b Me^c^y
MOJiflnjHMCH h BoroM, h Me^c^y hhmh hct nocpe^HHROB.
Bo BpeMH mojihtbbi HejiOBeK onjymaeT BHyrpeHHee
yMHpoTBopeHHe, cnoKOHCTBHe h yrenieHHe, oh nyBCTByeT,
hto Bor pa^yeTCH 3a Hero. IIpopoK MyxaMMa^ M cica3aji:
{O Emiajlb, npH30BH K MOJIHTBe, H ^OCTaBb
HaM y^OBOJIbCTBHe 3THM.} 1 EHJiaJIb 6bIJI OflHHM H3
CnOflBH^CHHKOB MyxaMMa^a #g, KOTOpblH np0H3H0CHJI
npH3bIB Ha MOJIHTBy.
MojiHTBbi coBepniaiOTCH Ha paccBeTe, nocjie nojryzjHii,
b npeflBenepHee BpeMH, nocjie 3aKaTa cojiHHa h hohbio.
^ MycyjibMaHe Moryr MOJiHTbcn nparcraHecKH b jik>6om
MecTe, HanpHMep, b nojie, b o(J)Hce, Ha (jpaSpHice hjih b
yHHBepcHTeTe.
3) 3anaT (noHcepTBOBamie b nojiB3y
Hy»c/i;aioni;HxcH) :
Bee Ha CBeTe npHHaflJie^cHT Bory, h noaTOMy Bee, hto
Ha^cHTO nejiOBeKOM, hjokho paccMaTpHBaTb KaK BBepeHHoe
eivry BoroM Ha BpeMH. Cjiobo 3a.Kam — oflHOBpeMemio
03HanaeT "onHiijeHHe" h "poct". BbinjiaTa 3axama
03HanaeT "nepe^any onpe,a;ejieHHOH .zjojih HeKOTopbix
BHflOB HMymecTBa onpeflejieHHbiM rpynnaM Hy^c^aioiqHxcH
jHOflefi". TaK, BbinjiaTa c 30JiOTa, cepeSpa h ^eHe^cHbix
KOTopbie no ctohmocth npeBbiniaiOT 85
(1) Cm. Abu-Dawood, N° 4985 h Mosnad Ahmad, N° 22578.
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOflCTBO ft/Ifl nOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
rpaMMOB 30JiOTa h HaxoflHTCH b pacnopiDKeHHH BJia^ejibHa
He MeHee OflHoro jiyHHoro ro^a,
cocTaBJiiieT flBa c iiojiobhhoh
npoHenra. Hanie HMymecTBO
OHHiqaeTCH nocpe^CTBOM
no^cepTBOBaHHH HeSojibniOH
ero nacTH Ha HyjKflbi 6eflHbix,
h, KpoMe Toro, noflo6HO
noflpe3aHHio pacTeHHH, sto
CTHMyjiHpyeT pocT Haniero coctohhhh.
JIio6oh nejiOBeK Mo^ceT no^cepTBOBaTb CTOJibKO,
CKOJibKO oh nocHHTaeT HyacHbiM b KanecTBe flo6poBOJibHbix
nOflaHHHH HJIH Ha 6jiarOTBOpHTeJIbHOCTb.
#
4) IIoct bo BpeMH MecHu;a PaMa^aH:
Ka^cflbifi rofl b TeneHHe Mecflua PaMa^aH 1 Bee
MycyjibMaHe co6jiiofl;aiOT nocT, c paccBeTa ,a;o 3aicaTa
B03flep^CHBaHCb OT eflbl, nHTbH H nOJIOBblX KOHTaKTOB.
Xoth nocT npHHOCHT nojib3y
3flopoBbio, npe^c^e Bcero, oh
paccMaTpHBaeTCH KaK cnoco6
flyxoBHoro caMOOHHnjeHHH. JlHniaH
Ce6il MHpCKHX yZJOBOJIbCTBHH XOTH
6bl Ha KOpOTKOe BpeMH, nOCTflnjHHCH
yHHTCH HyBCTBOBaTb HCTHHHOe
cocTpa^aHHe k rojio^aiomHM, a KpoMe
Toro - pacTeT ^yxoBHO.
(1) Mecim, PaMaAaH RBJineTCH AeBjrrbiM MeoaueM b HCJiaMCKOM
KajieHflape (kotophh RBJineTCR jiyHHbiM, a He cojiHe^HbiM).
KPATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO JlflR IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
5) IlajiOMHiiMecTBO b MeKKy:
IlajiOMHHHecTBO (xadotc) b Meiacy coBepniaeTCH
Ka^cflbifi rofl, h Ka^cflbifi MycynbMaHHH, KOTopoMy
no3BcuiHeT ero (J)H3HHecKoe h c|pHHaHCOBoe cocTOHHHe,
flOJPKeH XOTfl 6bl OflHH pa3 B )KH3HH COBepniHTb 3T0
najiOMHHHecTBO. E^cero^HO okojio flByx mhjijihohob
jiro^eH CTeKaiOTCH b MeKKy co Bcex yrojiKOB 3eMJiH. Xoth
b Meiace Bceiyja MHoro najiOMHHKOB, e^cero^HbiH xad?tc
coBepniaeTCH b flBeHaflij;aTbiH Mecnu; HonaMCKoro jiyHHoro
KajieH^apH 3yjib-xHfl^c^ca. Ha BpeMH najiOMHHHecTBa Bee
MyacHHHbi Ha^eBaiOT cneijHajibHyEO Ofle^c^y, KOTopan
CTHpaeT Bee KnaccoBbie h KyjibTypHbie pa3JiHHHH Me^c^y
najiOMHHKaMH, HTo6bi Bee 6biJiH paBHbi nepefl BoroM.
B pHTyajibi xadotca bxoaht ceMHKpaTHbiH 06x0,0; BOKpyr
Kaa6bi h ceMHKpaTHbiH nepexo,o; c xojiMa CacJ)a Ha xojim
#
' "Ait iti t \
\ S f ? t- 1 . 9 . ■
MojiHm,Hecfl najioMHHKH b MeneTH XapaM b Meiace. B 9toh Menem
Haxo^HTCH Kaa6a (xpaM b BHfle nepHoro Ky6a Ha stom chhmkc), k
KOTopoMy MycyjiBMaHe o6painaK>TCfl bo BpeMfl mojihtbh. KaaSa - bto
MecTO noioioHeHHH Bory, KOTopoe Tot noBejieji coopyznrrb IlpopoKy
ABpaaMy h ero cbiHy HcMamry.
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOflCTBO JXJIR nOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
MapBa h oSpaTHO b naMHTb o Xa^^cap, MeTaBnieHcn
MOK 3THMH XOJIMaMH B nOHCKaX BOflbl. Ilocjie 3T0r0
najiOMHHKH co6HpaiOTCH b Apache 1 h npociiT Bora
HCnOJIHHTb HX ^CeJiaHHH H npOCTHTb HX, KaK eCJIH 6bl 3T0
SbiJio b npczwBepHH CyzjHoro Hnx.
3aBepnieHHe Xadotca 3HaMeHyeTCH npa3flHHK0M Hd
cuib-Adxa , KOTopbiH OTMenaeTCH npa3flHHHH0H mojihtboh.
Hd aAb-Adxa h npa3flHHK Hd anb-0ump, kotopmh
3HaMeHyeT OKOHnaHHe Mecnija PaMa^aH, hbjiriotcr flByMH
rjiaBHbiMH e^cero^HbiMH npa3flHHKaMH MycynbMaHCKoro
KajieH^apH.
#
(l) OSjiacTb, pacnojio>KeHHaii npuMepHO b 24 km ot Mckkh.
KPATKOE HJL/IIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO JXJIR IIOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
/JonojiHHTejibHaa nH<J>opMaii;HH 06
HcjiaMe
Ecjih bbi Hy^c^aeTecb b .zjonojiHHTejibHOH ,
HHcJpopMaijHH 06 HcjiaMe, hjih ecjiH y Bac ecTb
KaKHe JIH60 BOIipOCbl, KOMMeHTapHH, HJIH Bbi fcj
Hy^cflaeTecb b nenaTHOH BepcHH stoh khhiti,
to npocHM Bac noceTHTb a,zrpec 3toh KHHra b
HHTepHeTe:
www.islam-guide.com/ru
#
IIpeA^ioHceHHii h 3aMenaHHii
Ecjih y Bac ecTb KaKHe-JiH6o npe^Jio^ceHHH hjih
KOMMeHTapHH no noBO^y stoh khhth hjih no noBO,zry
nenaTHOH BepcHH khhth, to npocHM Bac npncbuiaTb hx
aBTopy khhth H.A. H6parHMy:
3JieKTpoHHaii noHTa: ib-ru@i-g.org -Teji.: (966-1) 454-
1065 - OaKc(FAX):
(966-1) 453-6842- A/fl (PO Box): 21679, Riyadh 11485,
Saudi Arabia
KPATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOflCTBO JXJIR nOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
#
I
JlHTepaTypa
ApeHC, K. ^OHajibfl (Ahrens, C. Donald). 1988 r.
Meteorology Today ["MeTeopojiorroi cerozjroi"]- 3-
e H3flaHHe. CeHT-IIoji: West Publishing Company
(H3flaTejibCTB0 "YacT").
AH^epcoH, Pajibcb K. h ,zrp. (Anderson, Ralph K. and others).
1978 r. The Use of Satellite Pictures in Weather Analysis
and Forecasting ["Hcnojib30BaHHe cnyraHKOBOH
CbeMKH fljiH aHajiH3a h nporH03HpoBaHHH noroflbi"].
^CeHeBa: Secretarial of the World Meteorological
Organization (cercpeTapHaT BceMHpHOH
MeTeopojiorHnecKOH opraHH3an;HH).
3htc, PHnapfl. A (Anthes, Richard A); JXtkoh Jim.. Kaxnp
(John J. Cahir); AnHCTep B. OpeH3ep (Alistair B.
Fraser); h XaHC A. naHO(|)CKH (Hans A. Panofsky).
1981 r. The Atmosphere ["ATMOC(J)epa"]. 3-e H3flaHHe.
KojiaM6yc: Charles E. Merrill Publishing Company
(H3flaTejibCTB0 "Hapjib3 3. Meppun").
BapKep, KeHHeT h ,zrp. (Barker, Kenneth and others).
1985 r. The NIV Study Bible, New International
Version. ["yHe6Ha.H BhSjihh. Hobbih Me^cflyHapo^HbiH
BapHaHT"] rpaHfl-PanH^c, MHHHraH: Zondervan
Publishing House (H3flaTejibCTB0 "3oHflepBaH").
Bo,z];hh, CBaHTe (Bodin, Svante). 1978 r. Weather and
Climate ['Tlorofla h KJiHMaT"]. nyji, .ZJopceT: Blandford
Press Ltd ("BjiaHfl4)opfl npecc JlHMHTefl").
KaHJie, AHflpe (Cailleux, Andre). 1968 r. Anatomy of the
Earth ["AHaTOMHH 3eMJiH"]. JIoh^oh: World University
Library ("MnpoBaH yHHBepcHTeTCKaH 6H6jiHOTeKa").
Kynep, Xe^ep (Couper, Heather); h Hafwiceji XeH6ecT
(Nigel Henbest). 1995 r. The Space Atlas ["KocMHnecKHH
aTJiac"]. JIoh^oh: Dorling Kindersley Limited (".ZJopHHr
KHHflepCJIH JTHMHTefl").
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBO^CTBO J\IW nOHHMAHHfl HCJ
#
^3bhc, PHnapfl A., MJia^niHH (Davis, Richard A., Jr.)
1972 r. Principles of Oceanography ['TIpHHiiHnbi
OKeaHorpa(J)HH"]. ^oh-Mhjijic, OHTapHo: Addison-
Wesley Publishing Company (H3flaTejibCKaH 4>HpMa
"AflflHCOH-yaCJIH").
/Jyrjiac, JJjk.JX.; h MeppHJiJi K. TeHHH (Merrill C.
Tenney). 1989 r. NIV Compact Dictionary of the Bible
["KpaTKHH cjiOBapb HMH Eh6jihh"]. TpaHTi-Paniizic,
MHHHraH: Zondervan Publishing House (H3,ziaTejibCTB0
"3oHflepBaH").
Sji^ep, ^eHHH (Elder, Danny); h ,H>koh IlepHeTTa (John
Pernetta). 1991 r. Oceans ["OiceaHbi"]. JIoh^oh: Mitchell
Beazley Publishers ("MHTnejui Bh3jih IIa6jiHrnep3").
OaMHreTTH, Po6epT (Famighetti, Robert). 1996 r. The
World Almanac and Book of Facts 1996 ["BceMHpHbiH
ajibMaHax h HHcJpopMaiiHOHHbiH cSophhk 1996 ro^a"].
Maya, Hbio-^^cepcH: World Almanac Books ('Yopjifl
W ajibMaHaK 6yKc").
Tpocc, M. TpaHT (Gross, M. Grant). 1993 r. Oceanography,
a View of Earth ["OKeaHorpa(|)Hii, B3iviim Ha 3eMJiio"].
6-e H3flaHHe. HmviByzi-KnHCJpcjpc: Prentice-Hall, Inc
("npeHTHC-Xojui Hhk.").
XHKMaH, KnHBJieHfl n. h ,zrp. (Hickman, Cleveland and
others). 1979 r. Integrated Principles of Zoology
["EflHHbie npHHUHnbi 300JiorHH"]. 6-e H3,ziaHHe. CeHT-
JlyHc: The C. V. Mosby Company (KOMnaHroi "C.B.
Moc6h").
Ajib-XHJiajiH, MyxaMMafl T. (Al-Hilali, Muhammad T.);
h MyxaMMafl M. XaH (Muhammad M. Khan). 1994 r.
Interpretation of the Meanings of The Noble Quran in
the English Language ["IlepeBOfl cmbicjiob CBiiiiieHHoro
KopaHa Ha aHrjiHHCKHH h3hk"]. 4-e HcnpaBJieHHoe
H3,a;aHHe. Sp-Prom: Maktaba Dar-us-Salam ("MaKTa6a
^ap-ac-CajiaM").
KPATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOflCTBO JXJIR nOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
KeHeH, X. (Kuenen, H.) i960 r. Marine Geology ['TeojiorHH
Mopii"]. Hbio-HopK: John Wiley & Sons, Inc (",3>koh
BaHJIH H CblHOBbH, HHK.").
JIhcoh, K.P. (Leeson, C. R.); h T.C. JIhcoh (T. S. Leeson).
1981 r. Histology [THCTOJiorroi"]. 4-e H3flaHHe.
OHJiaflejib(J)Hii: W. B. Saunders Company ("Y.E.
CayH^epc KOMnaHH").
JlyzyiSM, O.X. (Ludlam, F. H.) 1980 r. Clouds and Storms
["06jiaKa h 6ypn"]. JIoh^oh: The Pennsylvania State
University Press (H3flaTejibCTB0 IleHCHJibBaHCKoro
rocy^apcTBeHHoro yHHBepcHTeTa).
MaKKH, AxMe,o; A. h ,zrp. (Makky, Ahmad Aand others). 1993
r. Ee'jaz al-Quran al-Kareem fee Wasf Anwa' al-Riyah,
al-Sohob, al-Matar. Meiaca: Commission on Scientific
Signs of the Quran and Sunnah (komhcchh no HayHHOH
HHcJpopMarjHH b KopaHe h CyHHe).
*& MHJiJiep, Anb6epT (Miller, Albert); h ^^ceK K. ToMncoH
(Jack C. Thompson). 1975 r. Elements of Meteorology
["OcHOBbi MeTeopojiorHH"]. 2-e H3^aHHe. KojiaM6yc:
Charles E. Merrill Publishing Company (H3flaTejibCKaH
KOMnaHHH "Hapjib3 3. MeppHJiJi").
Myp, Kht Jl. (Moore, Keith L.); 3. Mapniajui ,H>kohcoh (E.
Marshall Johnson); T.B.H. Ilepco (T. V. N. Persaud);
^^cepajibfl K. TepHHrep (Gerald C. Goeringer); A6pyji-
Ma^^cHfl A. 3HH^aHH (Abdul-Majeed A. Zindani);
h MycTacjpa A. AxMe^; (Mustafa A. Ahmed). 1992 r.
Human Development as Described in the Quran and
Sunnah ["Pa3BHTHe nejiOBeica no onHcaHHHM b KopaHe
h CyHHe"]. Meiaca: Commission on Scientific Signs
of the Quran and Sunnah (komhcchh no HayHHOH
HH(J)opMau;HH b KopaHe h CyHHe).
Myp, Kht Jl. (Moore, Keith L.); AA 3HH^aHH (A. A.
Zindani); h ,zrp. (and others). 1987 r. Al-E'jaz al-Elmy
fee al-Naseyah (The scientific Miracles in the Front of
I
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO T[JW nOHHMATOW HC,
#
the Head, ["HaynHbie nyzieca, CBH3aHHbie c jio6hoh
nacTbio M03ra"]). MeKKa: Commission on Scientific
Signs of the Quran and Sunnah (komhcchh no HayHHOH
HH(J)opMarj;HH b KopaHe h CyHHe).
Myp, Kht Jl. (Moore, Keith L.) 1983 r. The Developing
Human, Clinically Oriented Embryology, With Islamic
Additions ["Pa3BHBaiOHiHHCH nejiOBeK, KJiHHHHecicaii
3M6pHOJiorHH c HCJiaMCKHMH flonojiHeHHHMH"]. 3-e
H3flaHHe. ^jKHAzja: Dar Al-Qiblah (",Hap-ajib-KH6jiax").
Myp, Kht Jl. (Moore, Keith L.); h T.B.H. nepco (T.
V. N. Persaud). 1993 r. The Developing Human,
Clinically Oriented Embryology ["Pa3BHBaioin;HHCH
HeJIOBeK, K7IHHHHeCKaH 3M6pHOJIOrHH"]. 5-e H3flaHHe.
OHJiaflejib(J)HH: W. B. Saunders Company (KOMnaHHfl
"y.E. CayHflepc").
3jib-Harrap, 3.P. (El-Naggar, Z. R.) 1991 r. The Geological
Concept of Mountains in the Quran ['TeojionraecKafl
W KOHu;enrj;HH CTpoeHHH rop b KopaHe"]. l-e H3,ziaHHe.
SpHflOH: International Institute of Islamic Thought
(Me^cflyHapo^HbiH HHCTHTyr HcnaMCKOH mmcjih).
HoH(J)ejibflT, B. (Neufeldt, V.) 1994 r. Webster's New World
Dictionary ["Hobbih BceMHpHbiH cnoBapb YsScrepa"].
TpeTbe H3,naHHe .zijih yne6Hbix 3aBe,zieHHH. Hbio-HopK:
Prentice Hall ("npeHTHC-Xanji").
The New Encyclopaedia Britannica ["HoBan 9HiiHKJione,zi.Hfl
BpHTaHHHKa"]. 1981 r. 15-e H3,ziaHHe. HHKaro:
Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. ("3HiiHKJione,zi.Hfl
BpHTaHHHKa Hhk.").
Ho6aK, Hapjib3 P. (Noback, Charles R.); H Jl. CTpoMHHrep
(N. L. Strominger); h PJJ>k. ^eMapecT (R. J. Demarest).
1991 r. The Human Nervous System, Introduction and
Review ["HepBHan CHcreMa nejiOBeica, BBe^eHHe h
o63op"]. 4-e H3flaHHe. OHJia^ejibctjHH: Lea & Febiger
("JIh h OeSnrep").
KPATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOflCTBO JXJIR nOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
#
I
OcTporopcKHH, JXyKoppjK (Ostrogorsky, George).
1969 r. History of the Byzantine State ["HcToproi
BH3aHTHHCKoro rocyzjapcTBa"]. nepeBOfl c HeMeiiKoro
^^coaH XaccH (Joan Hussey). HcnpaBJieHHoe
H3flaHHe. HbKt-EpaHCBHK: Rutgers University Press
(H3,z]iaTejibCTB0 YHHBepcHTeTa PaT^cepc).
Ilpecc, OpaHK (Press, Frank); h PaHMOHfl CHBep (Raymond
Siever). 1982 r. Earth ["3eMJiH"]. 3-e H3^aHHe. CaH-
OpaHiiHCKo: W. H. Freeman and Company ("YX.
OpHMeH h Ko.").
Pocc, Y/L h ,zrp. (Ross, W. D. and others). 1963 r.
The Works of Aristotle Translated into English:
Meteorologica ["Pa6oTbi ApHCTOTejin b nepeBo^e Ha
aHrjiHHCKHH h3bik: MeTeopojiorHKa"]- tom 3. JIoh^oh:
Oxford University Press (H3,ziaTejibCTB0 OKC(J)op,ziCKoro
yHHBepcHTeTa).
CKopep, PHnapfl (Scorer, Richard); h TappHYsKCJiep (Harry
Wexler). 1963 r. A Colour Guide to Clouds ["UBeTHOH
aTJiac o6jiaKOB"]. Robert Maxwell (H3,ziaTejibCTB0
"Po6epT MaKCBejui").
Cimc, MaHKJi A. (Seeds, Michael A.) 1981 r. Horizons,
Exploring the Universe ['TopH30HTbi, Hccjie^yii
BcejieHHyio"]. BejibMOHT: Wadsworth Publishing
Company (H3,ziaTejibCKafl KOMnaHHH 'Youcbopt").
Chjih, Pofl P. (Seeley, Rod R); TpeHT /L CTHBeHC (Trent
D. Stephens); h Ohjihh TefiT (Philip Tate). 1996
r. Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology ["Ochobbi
aHaTOMHH h (|)H3HOJiorHH"]. 2-e n3Raime. CeHT-JIync:
Mosby-Year Book, Inc. (H3,ziaTejiBCTB0 "Moc6H-Heap
EyicHHK.").
CaHKC, nepcH (Sykes, Percy). 1963 r. History of Persia
["Hctophh nepcHH"]. 3-e H3flaHHe. JIoh^oh: Macmillan
& CO Ltd. ("MaK-MHJiJiaH h Ko. JlHMHTe^").
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PYKOBOflCTBO T[JW nOHHMATOW HC,
#
#
Tap6aK, S^Bap^ R>k. (Tarbuck, Edward J.); h Ope^epHK
K. JIiOTfl^ceHC (Frederick K. Lutgens). 1982 r. Earth
Science ["HayKa o 3eMJie"]. 3-e H3^aHHe. KojiaM6yc:
Charles E. Merrill Publishing Company (H3flaTejibCTB0
"Hapjib3 3. MeppHJiJi").
TypMaH, Xapojibfl B. (Thurman, Harold V.) 1988
r. Introductory Oceanography ["BBe^eHHe b
OKeaHorpa4)HK>"]. 5-e H3flaHHe. KojiaM6yc: Merrill
Publishing Company (H3flaTejibCKaH KOMnaHHH
"MeppHJiJi").
BaifflSepr, CTHBeH (Weinberg, Steven). 1984 r. The First
Three Minutes, a Modern View of the Origin of the
Universe ['TlepBbie TpH MHHyTbi. CoBpeMeHHbiH
b3tjih.r Ha npoHcxo^cfleHHe BcejieHHofi"]. 5-e H3flaHHe.
Hbio-HopK: Bantam Books ("EaHraM ByKc").
Ajib-3apKaniH, Ea,zrp Anb-^HH (Al-Zarkashy, Badr Al-Deen).
1990 r. Al-Borhan fee Oloom Al-Quran. l-e H3flaHHe.
BeHpyr: Dar El-Marefah (",ZJap-3Jib-Mape(pa").
3HHflaHH, A.A. (Zindani, A. A.) This is the Truth ["3to
HCTHHa"] (BH^eoKacceTa). MeKKa: Commission on
Scientific Signs of the Quran and Sunnah (komhcchh no
HayHHOH HHCJDopManHH b KopaHe h CyHHe).
HyMepaijira xa^HCOB
HyMepauHH Xa^HCOB 1 , Hcnojib30BaHHbrx b stoh KHHre,
ocHOBbiBaeTCH Ha cjieflyiorqHx npHHHHnax:
■ CaxHx MycnHM: corjiacHO HyMepauHH, cocTaBJieHHOH
MyxaMMa^OM O. A6,zryji-EaKH
(1) XaAHCH— 3to BbiCKa3bmaHHii, nocrynKH, OAoSpeHna
hjih nopHu,aHHii ripopoxa MyxaMMaAa St, AOCTOBepHO
npeAaHHbie ero cnoABH>KHHKaMH.
KPATKOE HJIJIIOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOflCTBO /yifl nOHHMAHHfl HCJIAMA
#
#
CaxHx Anb-ByxapH: corjiacHO HyMepaijHH,
cooTBeTCTByioiqeH Oaixy Ajib-EapH
Ajib-Thpmh3h: corjiacHO HyMepaijHH, cocTaBJieHHOH
AxMa^OM IIIaKepoM
MycHafl AxMa^;: corjiacHO HyMepaijHH, cocTaBJieHHOH
ZJapy Xefia Ajib-Typac Anb-Apa6H, BefipyT
MyoTa MajiHK: corjiacHO HyMepaijHH, cocTaBJieHHOH
MyoTa MajiHK
A6y-JXayp,: corjiacHO HyMepaijHH, cocTaBJieHHOH
MyxaMMa^OM Myxan Ajib-^hh A6flyji-XaMHflOM
H6h Ma^^ca: corjiacHO HyMepaijHH, cocTaBJieHHOH
MyxaMMa^OM O. A6,fl;yji-BaKH
Ajib-^apaMH: corjiacHO HyMepaijHH, cocTaBJieHHOH
XajiHflOM Ajib-Ca6a Anb-AnaMH h Oaya30M AxMafl
3aMapjiH.
I
(l) XaAHCH— 3to BbiCKa3HBaHHii, nocTynKH, OAoSpeHna
hjih nopHu,aHKH IlpopoKa MyxaMMaAa M, flOCTOBepHO
npeAaHHbie ero cnoABHJKHHKaMH.
KPATKOE HJIJUOCTPHPOBAHHOE PyKOBOflCTBO ftM nOHHMAHHfl HCJ
#
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